| YLR342W |
FKS1 |
1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase | CND1 | CWH53 | ETG1 | GSC1 | PBR1 |
Catalytic subunit of 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase; functionally redundant with alternate catalytic subunit Gsc2p; binds to regulatory subunit Rho1p; involved in cell wall synthesis and maintenance; localizes to sites of cell wall remodeling; FKS1 has a paralog, GSC2, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YLR343W |
GAS2 |
1,3-beta-glucanosyltransferase |
1,3-beta-glucanosyltransferase; involved with Gas4p in spore wall assembly; has similarity to Gas1p |
| YOL030W |
GAS5 |
1,3-beta-glucanosyltransferase |
1,3-beta-glucanosyltransferase; has similarity to Gas1p; localizes to the cell wall |
| YMR307W |
GAS1 |
1,3-beta-glucanosyltransferase GAS1 | CWH52 | GGP1 |
Beta-1,3-glucanosyltransferase; required for cell wall assembly and also has a role in transcriptional silencing; localizes to cell surface via a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor; also found at nuclear periphery; genetic interactions with histone H3 lysine acetyltransferases GCN5 and SAS3 indicate previously unsuspected functions for Gas1 in DNA damage response and cell cycle regulation |
| YER177W |
BMH1 |
14-3-3 family protein BMH1 | APR6 |
14-3-3 protein, major isoform; controls proteome at post-transcriptional level, binds proteins and DNA, involved in regulation of exocytosis, vesicle transport, Ras/MAPK and rapamycin-sensitive signaling, aggresome formation, spindle position checkpoint; protein increases in abundance and relative distribution to the nucleus increases upon DNA replication stress; antiapoptotic gene similar to human 14-3-3; BMH1 has a paralog, BMH2, that arose from whole genome duplication |
| YDR099W |
BMH2 |
14-3-3 family protein BMH2 | SCD3 |
14-3-3 protein, minor isoform; controls proteome at post-transcriptional level, binds proteins and DNA, involved in regulation of many processes including exocytosis, vesicle transport, Ras/MAPK signaling, and rapamycin-sensitive signaling; protein increases in abundance and relative distribution to the nucleus increases upon DNA replication stress; abundance relative to Bmh1p increases during sporulation |
| YEL011W |
GLC3 |
1,4-alpha-glucan branching enzyme | GHA1 |
Glycogen branching enzyme, involved in glycogen accumulation; green fluorescent protein (GFP)-fusion protein localizes to the cytoplasm in a punctate pattern; relocalizes from nucleus to cytoplasmic foci upon DNA replication stress; glycogen accumulation defect of the null mutant is functionally complemented by human GBE1, which is associated with glycogen storage disease |
| YIL020C |
HIS6 |
1-(5-phosphoribosyl)-5- ((5-phosphoribosylamino)methylideneamino)imidazole-4-carboxamide isomerase HIS6 |
Enzyme that catalyzes the fourth step in the histidine pathway; Phosphoribosylformimino-5-aminoimidazole carboxamide ribotide isomerase; mutations cause histidine auxotrophy and sensitivity to Cu, Co, and Ni salts |
| YBR056W |
— |
17-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase-like protein |
Putative glycoside hydrolase of the mitochondrial intermembrane space |
| YCR047C |
BUD23 |
18S rRNA (guanine1575-N7)-methyltransferase |
Methyltransferase that methylates residue G1575 of 18S rRNA; required for rRNA processing and nuclear export of 40S ribosomal subunits independently of methylation activity; diploid mutant displays random budding pattern; functional homolog of human WBSCR22 |
| YLR186W |
EMG1 |
18S rRNA pseudouridine methyltransferase | NEP1 |
Methyltransferase for rRNA; methylates pseudouridine 18S rRNA residue 1191; member of the SPOUT methyltransferase family; required for maturation of 18S rRNA and for 40S ribosomal subunit production independent of methyltransferase activity; forms homodimers; human ortholog is mutated in Bowen-Conradi syndrome, and equivalent yeast mutation affects Emg1p dimerization and localization but not methyltransferase activity; human EMG1 complements lethality of null and ts mutant |
| YDL052C |
SLC1 |
1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase SLC1 |
1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase; catalyzes the acylation of lysophosphatidic acid to form phosphatidic acid, a key intermediate in lipid metabolism; enzymatic activity detected in lipid particles and microsomes |
| YFR019W |
FAB1 |
1-phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate 5-kinase | SVL7 |
1-phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate 5-kinase; vacuolar membrane kinase that generates phosphatidylinositol (3,5)P2, which is involved in vacuolar sorting and homeostasis |
| YNL267W |
PIK1 |
1-phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase | PIK120 | PIK41 |
Phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase; catalyzes first step in the biosynthesis of phosphatidylinositol-4,5-biphosphate; may control cytokinesis through the actin cytoskeleton; may control nonselective autophagy and mitophagy through trafficking of Atg9p |
| YDR208W |
MSS4 |
1-phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 5-kinase |
Phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 5-kinase; involved in actin cytoskeleton organization and cell morphogenesis; multicopy suppressor of stt4 mutation |
| YHR037W |
PUT2 |
1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate dehydrogenase |
Delta-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate dehydrogenase; nuclear-encoded mitochondrial protein involved in utilization of proline as sole nitrogen source; deficiency of human homolog ALDH4A1 causes type II hyperprolinemia (HPII), an autosomal recessive inborn error of metabolism; human homolog ALDH4A1 can complement yeast null mutant |
| YGR247W |
CPD1 |
2',3'-cyclic-nucleotide 3'-phosphodiesterase |
Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase; hydrolyzes ADP-ribose 1'', 2''-cyclic phosphate to ADP-ribose 1''-phosphate; may have a role in tRNA splicing; no detectable phenotype is conferred by null mutation or by overexpression; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress |
| YBR141C |
BMT2 |
25S rRNA (adenine2142-N1)-methyltransferase |
Nucleolar S-adenosylmethionine-dependent rRNA methyltransferase; methylates adenine (m1A) of the large subunit (LSU) rRNA at position 2142; belongs to Rossmann fold superfamily; green fluorescent protein (GFP)-fusion protein localizes to the nucleolus; YBR141C is not an essential gene |
| YDR083W |
RRP8 |
25S rRNA (adenine645-N1)-methyltransferase |
Nucleolar S-adenosylmethionine-dependent rRNA methyltransferase; methylates adenine (m1A) of the large subunit (LSU) rRNA at position 645; involved in pre-rRNA cleavage at site A2; mutation is synthetically lethal with a gar1 mutation; deletion disrupts telomere maintenance by influencing the expression of neighboring gene STN1 |
| YIL096C |
BMT5 |
25S rRNA (uracil2634-N3)-methyltransferase |
Methyltransferase required for m3U2634 methylation of the 25S rRNA; S-adenosylmethionine-dependent; associates with precursors of the 60S ribosomal subunit; predicted to be involved in ribosome biogenesis |
| YLR063W |
BMT6 |
25S rRNA (uracil2843-N3)-methyltransferase |
Methyltransferase required for m3U2843 methylation of the 25S rRNA; S-adenosylmethionine-dependent; green fluorescent protein (GFP)-fusion protein localizes to the cytoplasm; YLR063W is not an essential gene |
| YER152C |
— |
2-aminoadipate transaminase |
Protein with 2-aminoadipate transaminase activity; shares amino acid similarity with the aminotransferases Aro8p and Aro9p; YER152C is not an essential gene |
| YHR063C |
PAN5 |
2-dehydropantoate 2-reductase PAN5 |
2-dehydropantoate 2-reductase; part of the pantothenic acid pathway, structurally homologous to E. coli panE |
| YHR043C |
DOG2 |
2-deoxyglucose-6-phosphatase |
2-deoxyglucose-6-phosphate phosphatase; member of a family of low molecular weight phosphatases, induced by oxidative and osmotic stress, confers 2-deoxyglucose resistance when overexpressed; DOG2 has a paralog, DOG1, that arose from a single-locus duplication; the last half of DOG1 and DOG2 are subject to gene conversions among S. cerevisiae, S. paradoxus, and S. mikatae |
| YML110C |
COQ5 |
2-hexaprenyl-6-methoxy-1,4-benzoquinone methyltransferase | DBI56 |
2-hexaprenyl-6-methoxy-1,4-benzoquinone methyltransferase; involved in ubiquinone (Coenzyme Q) biosynthesis; localizes to the matrix face of the mitochondrial inner membrane in a large complex with other ubiquinone biosynthetic enzymes; respiratory defect of the null mutant is partially complemented by human COQ5 |
| YNL104C |
LEU4 |
2-isopropylmalate synthase LEU4 |
Alpha-isopropylmalate synthase (2-isopropylmalate synthase); the main isozyme responsible for the first step in the leucine biosynthesis pathway; LEU4 has a paralog, LEU9, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YOR108W |
LEU9 |
2-isopropylmalate synthase LEU9 |
Alpha-isopropylmalate synthase II (2-isopropylmalate synthase); catalyzes the first step in the leucine biosynthesis pathway; the minor isozyme, responsible for the residual alpha-IPMS activity detected in a leu4 null mutant; LEU9 has a paralog, LEU4, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YOL064C |
MET22 |
3'(2'),5'-bisphosphate nucleotidase | HAL2 |
Bisphosphate-3'-nucleotidase; involved in salt tolerance and methionine biogenesis; dephosphorylates 3'-phosphoadenosine-5'-phosphate and 3'-phosphoadenosine-5'-phosphosulfate, intermediates of the sulfate assimilation pathway; human homolog BPNT1 complements yeast null mutant |
| YDR487C |
RIB3 |
3,4-dihydroxy-2-butanone-4-phosphate synthase RIB3 |
3,4-dihydroxy-2-butanone-4-phosphate synthase (DHBP synthase); required for riboflavin biosynthesis from ribulose-5-phosphate, also has an unrelated function in mitochondrial respiration |
| YOR360C |
PDE2 |
3',5'-cyclic-nucleotide phosphodiesterase PDE2 | SRA5 |
High-affinity cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase; component of the cAMP-dependent protein kinase signaling system, protects the cell from extracellular cAMP, contains readthrough motif surrounding termination codon |
| YIR002C |
MPH1 |
3'-5' DNA helicase |
3'-5' DNA helicase involved in error-free bypass of DNA lesions; binds flap DNA, stimulates activity of Rad27p and Dna2p; prevents crossovers between ectopic sequences by removing substrates for Mus81-Mms4 or Rad1-Rad10 cleavage; homolog of human FANCM Fanconi anemia protein that is involved in stabilizing and remodeling blocked replication forks; member of SF2 DExD/H superfamily of helicases; nonsense or missense mutations in FANCM can make people more likely to get cancer |
| YBL055C |
— |
3'-5'-exodeoxyribonuclease | Tat-D |
3'-->5' exonuclease and endonuclease with a possible role in apoptosis; has similarity to mammalian and C. elegans apoptotic nucleases |
| YBR265W |
TSC10 |
3-dehydrosphinganine reductase |
3-ketosphinganine reductase; catalyzes the second step in phytosphingosine synthesis; essential for growth in the absence of exogenous dihydrosphingosine or phytosphingosine; localized to lipid droplets; member of short chain dehydrogenase/reductase protein family |
| YDR035W |
ARO3 |
3-deoxy-7-phosphoheptulonate synthase ARO3 |
3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate-7-phosphate (DAHP) synthase; catalyzes the first step in aromatic amino acid biosynthesis and is feedback-inhibited by phenylalanine or high concentration of tyrosine or tryptophan |
| YBR249C |
ARO4 |
3-deoxy-7-phosphoheptulonate synthase ARO4 |
3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate-7-phosphate (DAHP) synthase; catalyzes the first step in aromatic amino acid biosynthesis and is feedback-inhibited by tyrosine or high concentrations of phenylalanine or tryptophan; relative distribution to the nucleus increases upon DNA replication stress |
| YJR025C |
BNA1 |
3-hydroxyanthranilate 3,4-dioxygenase | HAD1 |
3-hydroxyanthranilic acid dioxygenase; required for the de novo biosynthesis of NAD from tryptophan via kynurenine; expression regulated by Hst1p |
| YGL009C |
LEU1 |
3-isopropylmalate dehydratase LEU1 |
Isopropylmalate isomerase; catalyzes the second step in the leucine biosynthesis pathway |
| YLR100W |
ERG27 |
3-keto-steroid reductase |
3-keto sterol reductase; catalyzes the last of three steps required to remove two C-4 methyl groups from an intermediate in ergosterol biosynthesis; mutants are sterol auxotrophs; mutation is functionally complemented by human HSD17B7 |
| YBR176W |
ECM31 |
3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate hydroxymethyltransferase |
Ketopantoate hydroxymethyltransferase; required for pantothenic acid biosynthesis, converts 2-oxoisovalerate into 2-dehydropantoate |
| YKL055C |
OAR1 |
3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase (NADPH) |
Mitochondrial 3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase; may comprise a type II mitochondrial fatty acid synthase along with Mct1p; human homolog CBR4 complements yeast null mutant |
| YHL018W |
MCO14 |
4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin dehydratase |
Putative 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin dehydratase; green fluorescent protein (GFP)-fusion protein localizes to mitochondria and is induced in response to the DNA-damaging agent MMS |
| YNR033W |
ABZ1 |
4-amino-4-deoxychorismate synthase |
Para-aminobenzoate (PABA) synthase; has similarity to Escherichia coli PABA synthase components PabA and PabB; required for the synthesis of para-aminobenzoic acid, an important intermediate for folate and ubiquinone Q biosynthesis; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress |
| YGR019W |
UGA1 |
4-aminobutyrate transaminase |
Gamma-aminobutyrate (GABA) transaminase; also known as 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase; involved in the 4-aminobutyrate and glutamate degradation pathways; required for normal oxidative stress tolerance and nitrogen utilization; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress |
| YNR041C |
COQ2 |
4-hydroxybenzoate octaprenyltransferase |
Para hydroxybenzoate polyprenyl transferase; catalyzes the second step in ubiquinone (coenzyme Q) biosynthesis; human COQ2, mutations in which are implicated in an increased risk of mutiple-system atrophy, can complement a yeast coq2 null mutant |
| YDL236W |
PHO13 |
4-nitrophenylphosphatase |
Conserved phosphatase acting as a metabolite repair enzyme; shows specific dephosphorylating activity on two side-products of central carbohydrate metabolism, 2-phosphoglycolate and 4-phosphoerythronate; alkaline phosphatase specific for p-nitrophenyl phosphate; also has protein phosphatase activity; human ortholog PGP shows similar substrate specificity, deletion causes similar metabolite accumulation phenotypes, suggesting conserved role in eliminating glycolytic byproducts |
| YDR232W |
HEM1 |
5-aminolevulinate synthase | CYD1 | OLE3 |
5-aminolevulinate synthase; catalyzes the first step in the heme biosynthetic pathway; an N-terminal signal sequence is required for localization to the mitochondrial matrix; expression is regulated by Hap2p-Hap3p; has a pyridoxal phosphate cofactor whose insertion is mediated by Mcx1p |
| YER183C |
FAU1 |
5-formyltetrahydrofolate cyclo-ligase |
5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolate synthetase; involved in folic acid biosynthesis |
| YER091C |
MET6 |
5-methyltetrahydropteroyltriglutamate-homocysteine S-methyltransferase |
Cobalamin-independent methionine synthase; involved in methionine biosynthesis and regeneration; requires a minimum of two glutamates on the methyltetrahydrofolate substrate, similar to bacterial metE homologs |
| YOR173W |
DCS2 |
5'-(N(7)-methyl 5'-triphosphoguanosine)-(mRNA) diphosphatase |
m(7)GpppX pyrophosphatase regulator; non-essential, stress induced regulatory protein; modulates m7G-oligoribonucleotide metabolism; inhibits Dcs1p; regulated by Msn2p, Msn4p, and the Ras-cAMP-cAPK signaling pathway; mutant has increased aneuploidy tolerance; DCS2 has a paralog, DCS1, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YLR270W |
DCS1 |
5'-(N(7)-methyl 5'-triphosphoguanosine)-(mRNA) diphosphatase | DcpS |
Non-essential hydrolase involved in mRNA decapping; activates Xrn1p; may function in a feedback mechanism to regulate deadenylation, contains pyrophosphatase activity and a HIT (histidine triad) motif; acts as inhibitor of neutral trehalase Nth1p; required for growth on glycerol medium; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress; DCS1 has a paralog, DCS2, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YKL215C |
OXP1 |
5-oxoprolinase |
5-oxoprolinase; enzyme is ATP-dependent and functions as a dimer; similar to mouse Oplah gene; green fluorescent protein (GFP)-fusion protein localizes to the cytoplasm; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress |
| YOL136C |
PFK27 |
6-phosphofructo-2-kinase | PFK-2 |
6-phosphofructo-2-kinase; catalyzes synthesis of fructose-2,6-bisphosphate; inhibited by phosphoenolpyruvate and sn-glycerol 3-phosphate, expression induced by glucose and sucrose, transcriptional regulation involves protein kinase A |
| YGR240C |
PFK1 |
6-phosphofructokinase subunit alpha |
Alpha subunit of heterooctameric phosphofructokinase; involved in glycolysis, indispensable for anaerobic growth, activated by fructose-2,6-bisphosphate and AMP, mutation inhibits glucose induction of cell cycle-related genes |
| YMR205C |
PFK2 |
6-phosphofructokinase subunit beta |
Beta subunit of heterooctameric phosphofructokinase; involved in glycolysis; indispensable for anaerobic growth; activated by fructose-2,6-bisphosphate and AMP; mutation inhibits glucose induction of cell cycle-related genes |
| YHR163W |
SOL3 |
6-phosphogluconolactonase SOL3 |
6-phosphogluconolactonase; catalyzes the second step of the pentose phosphate pathway; weak multicopy suppressor of los1-1 mutation; homologous to Sol2p and Sol1p; SOL3 has a paralog, SOL4, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YGR248W |
SOL4 |
6-phosphogluconolactonase SOL4 |
6-phosphogluconolactonase; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress; SOL4 has a paralog, SOL3, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YML060W |
OGG1 |
8-oxoguanine glycosylase OGG1 |
Nuclear and mitochondrial glycosylase/lyase; specifically excises 7,8-dihydro-8-oxoguanine residues located opposite cytosine or thymine residues in DNA, repairs oxidative damage to mitochondrial DNA, contributes to UVA resistance |
| YJR063W |
RPA12 |
A12.2 | DNA-directed RNA polymerase I core subunit RPA12 | RRN4 |
RNA polymerase I subunit A12.2; contains two zinc binding domains, and the N terminal domain is responsible for anchoring to the RNA pol I complex; physically interacts with transcriptional activator Msn4p, to regulate transcription of AYR1, a gene involved in lipid metabolism |
| YPR010C |
RPA135 |
A135 | DNA-directed RNA polymerase I core subunit RPA135 | RPA2 | RRN2 | SRP3 |
RNA polymerase I second largest subunit A135 |
| YDR156W |
RPA14 |
A14 | DNA-directed RNA polymerase I subunit RPA14 |
RNA polymerase I subunit A14 |
| YOR341W |
RPA190 |
A190 | DNA-directed RNA polymerase I core subunit RPA190 | RRN1 |
RNA polymerase I largest subunit A190 |
| YJL148W |
RPA34 |
A34.5 | CST21 | DNA-directed RNA polymerase I subunit RPA34 |
RNA polymerase I subunit A34.5; essential for nucleolar assembly and for high polymerase loading rate; nucleolar localization depends on Rpa49p |
| YOR340C |
RPA43 |
A43 | DNA-directed RNA polymerase I subunit RPA43 |
RNA polymerase I subunit A43 |
| YNL248C |
RPA49 |
A49 | DNA-directed RNA polymerase I subunit RPA49 |
RNA polymerase I subunit A49; essential for nucleolar assembly and for high polymerase loading rate; required for nucleolar localization of Rpa34p |
| YDL040C |
NAT1 |
AAA1 | NAA15 | peptide alpha-N-acetyltransferase complex A subunit NAT1 |
Subunit of protein N-terminal acetyltransferase NatA; NatA comprised of Nat1p, Ard1p, and Nat5p; N-terminally acetylates many proteins to influence multiple processes such as cell cycle progression, heat-shock resistance, mating, sporulation, telomeric silencing and early stages of mitophagy; orthologous to human NAA15; expression of both human NAA10 and NAA15 functionally complements ard1 nat1 double mutant although single mutations are not complemented by their orthologs |
| YLR397C |
AFG2 |
AAA family ATPase AFG2 | DRG1 |
ATPase of the CDC48/PAS1/SEC18 (AAA) family, forms a hexameric complex; is essential for pre-60S maturation and release of several preribosome maturation factors; releases Rlp24p from purified pre-60S particles in vitro; target of the ribosomal biosynthesis inhibitor diazaborine; may be involved in degradation of aberrant mRNAs |
| YER017C |
AFG3 |
AAA family ATPase AFG3 | YTA10 |
Mitochondrial inner membrane m-AAA protease component; mediates degradation of misfolded or unassembled proteins; also required for correct assembly of mitochondrial enzyme complexes; involved in cytoplasmic mRNA translation and aging; expression of human homolog AFG3L2 can complement yeast yta12 afg3 double mutant |
| YDL126C |
CDC48 |
AAA family ATPase CDC48 |
AAA ATPase; subunit of polyUb-selective segregase complex involved in ERAD, INM-associated degradation (INMAD), mitotic spindle disassembly, macroautophagy, PMN, ribosome-associated degradation, ribophagy, homotypic ER membrane fusion, SCF complex disassembly, cell wall integrity during heat stress, and telomerase regulation; mobilizes membrane-anchored transcription factors by regulated Ub/proteasome-dependent processing (RUP); human ortholog VCP complements a cdc48 mutant |
| YJL194W |
CDC6 |
AAA family ATPase CDC6 |
Essential ATP-binding protein required for DNA replication; component of the pre-replicative complex (pre-RC) which requires ORC to associate with chromatin and is in turn required for Mcm2-7p DNA association; homologous to S. pombe Cdc18p; relocalizes from nucleus to cytoplasm upon DNA replication stress; degraded in response to plasma membrane stress |
| YLR106C |
REA1 |
AAA family ATPase midasin | MDN1 |
Huge dynein-related AAA-type ATPase (midasin); forms extended pre-60S particle with the Rix1 complex; involved with interaction partners Rsa4p and Ytm1p, in the ATP-dependent remodeling of the pre-60S particle at successive maturation steps during ribosomal biogenesis; involved in the removal of biogenesis factors including GTPase Nog2p prior to nuclear export; contains a hexameric AAA-motor head domain and a long flexible tail with a MIDAS (metal ion-dependent adhesion site) domain |
| YKL197C |
PEX1 |
AAA family ATPase peroxin 1 | PAS1 |
AAA-peroxin; heterodimerizes with AAA-peroxin Pex6p and participates in the recycling of peroxisomal signal receptor Pex5p from the peroxisomal membrane to the cystosol; induced by oleic acid and upregulated during anaerobiosis; mutations in human PEX1 can lead to severe peroxisomal disorders and early death |
| YNL329C |
PEX6 |
AAA family ATPase peroxin 6 | PAS8 |
AAA-peroxin; heterodimerizes with AAA-peroxin Pex1p and participates in the recycling of peroxisomal signal receptor Pex5p from the peroxisomal membrane to the cystosol; mutations in human PEX6 can lead to severe peroxisomal disorders and early death |
| YBR080C |
SEC18 |
AAA family ATPase SEC18 | ANU4 |
AAA ATPase and SNARE disassembly chaperone; required for vesicular transport between ER and Golgi, the 'priming' step in homotypic vacuole fusion, autophagy, and protein secretion; releases Sec17p from SNAP complexes; has similarity to mammalian N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor (NSF) |
| YPR173C |
VPS4 |
AAA family ATPase VPS4 | CSC1 | DID6 | END13 | GRD13 | VPL4 | VPT10 |
AAA-ATPase involved in multivesicular body (MVB) protein sorting; ATP-bound Vps4p localizes to endosomes and catalyzes ESCRT-III disassembly and membrane release; ATPase activity is activated by Vta1p; regulates cellular sterol metabolism |
| YML081W |
TDA9 |
AAF1 |
Transcription factor that regulates acetate production; green fluorescent protein (GFP)-fusion protein localizes to the nucleus; null mutant is sensitive to expression of the top1-T722A allele; not an essential gene; TDA9 has a paralog, RSF2, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YHR047C |
AAP1 |
AAP1' | arginine/alanine aminopeptidase |
Arginine/alanine amino peptidase; overproduction stimulates glycogen accumulation; AAP1 has a paralog, APE2, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YCR084C |
TUP1 |
AAR1 | AER2 | AMM1 | chromatin-silencing transcriptional regulator TUP1 | CRT4 | CYC9 | FLK1 | ROX4 | SFL2 | UMR7 |
General repressor of transcription; forms complex with Cyc8p, involved in the establishment of repressive chromatin structure through interactions with histones H3 and H4, appears to enhance expression of some genes |
| YDR283C |
GCN2 |
AAS1 | AAS102 | NDR2 | serine/threonine-protein kinase GCN2 |
Protein kinase; phosphorylates the alpha-subunit of translation initiation factor eIF2 (Sui2p) in response to starvation; activated by uncharged tRNAs and the Gcn1p-Gcn20p complex; contributes to DNA damage checkpoint control |
| YEL009C |
GCN4 |
AAS101 | AAS3 | amino acid starvation-responsive transcription factor GCN4 | ARG9 |
bZIP transcriptional activator of amino acid biosynthetic genes; activator responds to amino acid starvation; expression is tightly regulated at both the transcriptional and translational levels |
| YGL195W |
GCN1 |
AAS103 | NDR1 |
Positive regulator of the Gcn2p kinase activity; forms a complex with Gcn20p; proposed to stimulate Gcn2p activation by an uncharged tRNA |
| YGR252W |
GCN5 |
AAS104 | ADA4 | histone acetyltransferase GCN5 | KAT2 | SWI9 |
Catalytic subunit of ADA and SAGA histone acetyltransferase complexes; modifies N-terminal lysines on histones H2B and H3; acetylates Rsc4p, a subunit of the RSC chromatin-remodeling complex, altering replication stress tolerance; relocalizes to the cytosol in response to hypoxia; mutant displays reduced transcription elongation in the G-less-based run-on (GLRO) assay; greater involvement in repression of RNAPII-dependent transcription than in activation |
| YKR026C |
GCN3 |
AAS2 | translation initiation factor eIF2B subunit alpha |
Alpha subunit of translation initiation factor eIF2B; guanine-nucleotide exchange factor for eIF2; activity subsequently regulated by phosphorylated eIF2; positive regulator of GCN4 expression; assembles into filaments with Gcd2p, Gcd6p, Gcd7p, and Sui2p as cells approach stationary phase and under cytosolic acidification and starvation conditions; human homolog EIF2B1 can complement yeast null mutant |
| YGL119W |
COQ8 |
ABC1 | protein kinase COQ8 |
ATPase required for ubiquinone biosynthesis and respiratory growth; maintains levels of CoQ biosynthetic proteins; binds to CoQ biosynthesis intermediates; UbiB protein kinase-like family member that lacks canonical protein kinase activity; similar to prokaryotic proteins involved in ubiquinone biosynthesis; human homolog ADCK3 complements a coq8 null, is associated with CoQ and respiratory-chain deficiencies, and is mutated in autosomal-recessive cerebellar ataxia type 2 |
| YHR143W-A |
RPC10 |
ABC10-alpha | DNA-directed RNA polymerase core subunit RPC10 | RPB12 |
RNA polymerase subunit ABC10-alpha, found in RNA pol I, II, and III; relocalizes from nucleolus to cytoplasm upon DNA replication stress |
| YOR210W |
RPB10 |
ABC10-beta | DNA-directed RNA polymerase core subunit RPB10 |
RNA polymerase subunit ABC10-beta; common to RNA polymerases I, II, and III |
| YOR224C |
RPB8 |
ABC14.5 | DNA-directed RNA polymerase core subunit RPB8 |
RNA polymerase subunit ABC14.5; common to RNA polymerases I, II, and III |
| YPR187W |
RPO26 |
ABC23 | DNA-directed RNA polymerase core subunit RPO26 | RPB6 |
RNA polymerase subunit ABC23; common to RNA polymerases I, II, and III; part of central core; similar to bacterial omega subunit |
| YOL051W |
GAL11 |
ABE1 | MED15 | RAR3 | SDS4 | SPT13 |
Subunit of the RNA polymerase II mediator complex; associates with core polymerase subunits to form the RNA polymerase II holoenzyme; affects transcription by acting as target of activators and repressors; forms part of the tail domain of mediator |
| YNR016C |
ACC1 |
ABP2 | acetyl-CoA carboxylase ACC1 | FAS3 | MTR7 |
Acetyl-CoA carboxylase, biotin containing enzyme; catalyzes carboxylation of cytosolic acetyl-CoA to form malonyl-CoA and regulates histone acetylation by regulating the availablity of acetyl-CoA; required for de novo biosynthesis of long-chain fatty acids; ACC1 has a paralog, HFA1, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YDR129C |
SAC6 |
ABP67 | fimbrin |
Fimbrin, actin-bundling protein; cooperates with Scp1p in organization and maintenance of the actin cytoskeleton; phosphorylated by Cdc28p/Clb2p in metaphase on T103, to regulate conformation, and modulate actin filament binding affinity and actin cable dynamics; relocalizes from the plasma membrane to the cytoplasm upon DNA replication stress; human homologs PLS3 and LCP1 implicated in spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 (SCA2) can each complement yeast null mutant |
| YNR054C |
ESF2 |
ABT1 | RNA-binding ATPase activator ESF2 |
Essential nucleolar protein involved in pre-18S rRNA processing; binds to RNA and stimulates ATPase activity of Dbp8; involved in assembly of the small subunit (SSU) processome |
| YNL113W |
RPC19 |
AC19 | DNA-directed RNA polymerase core subunit RPC19 |
RNA polymerase subunit AC19; common to RNA polymerases I and III |
| YIL036W |
CST6 |
ACA2 | SHF1 |
Basic leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factor from ATF/CREB family involved in stress-responsive regulatory network; mediates transcriptional activation of NCE103 in response to low CO2 levels; proposed to be a regulator of oleate responsive genes; involved in utilization of non-optimal carbon sources and chromosome stability; relocalizes to the cytosol in response to hypoxia; CST6 has a paralog, ACA1, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YDL141W |
BPL1 |
ACC2 | biotin--[acetyl-CoA-carboxylase] ligase BPL1 |
Biotin:apoprotein ligase; covalently modifies proteins with the addition of biotin, required for acetyl-CoA carboxylase (Acc1p) holoenzyme formation; comparative analysis suggests that a mitochondrially targeted form may result from translation starting at a non-canonical codon upstream of the annotated start codon; human homolog HLCS can complement yeast BPL1 mutant |
| YGL166W |
CUP2 |
ACE1 |
Copper-binding transcription factor; activates transcription of the metallothionein genes CUP1-1 and CUP1-2 in response to elevated copper concentrations; required for regulation of copper genes in response to DNA-damaging reagents; CUP2 has a paralog, HAA1, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YAL054C |
ACS1 |
acetate--CoA ligase 1 | FUN44 |
Acetyl-coA synthetase isoform; along with Acs2p, acetyl-coA synthetase isoform is the nuclear source of acetyl-coA for histone acetylation; expressed during growth on nonfermentable carbon sources and under aerobic conditions |
| YLR153C |
ACS2 |
acetate--CoA ligase ACS2 |
Acetyl-coA synthetase isoform; along with Acs1p, acetyl-coA synthetase isoform is the nuclear source of acetyl-coA for histone acetylation; mutants affect global transcription; required for growth on glucose; expressed under anaerobic conditions |
| YMR108W |
ILV2 |
acetolactate synthase catalytic subunit | SMR1 | THI1 |
Acetolactate synthase; catalyses the first common step in isoleucine and valine biosynthesis and is the target of several classes of inhibitors, localizes to the mitochondria; expression of the gene is under general amino acid control |
| YCL009C |
ILV6 |
acetolactate synthase regulatory subunit |
Regulatory subunit of acetolactate synthase; acetolactate synthase catalyzes the first step of branched-chain amino acid biosynthesis; enhances activity of the Ilv2p catalytic subunit, localizes to mitochondria |
| YPL028W |
ERG10 |
acetyl-CoA C-acetyltransferase | LPB3 | TSM0115 |
Acetyl-CoA C-acetyltransferase (acetoacetyl-CoA thiolase); cytosolic enzyme that transfers an acetyl group from one acetyl-CoA molecule to another, forming acetoacetyl-CoA; involved in the first step in mevalonate biosynthesis; human ACAT1 functionally complements the growth defect caused by repression of ERG10 expression |
| YIL160C |
POT1 |
acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase | FOX3 | POX3 |
3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase with broad chain length specificity; cleaves 3-ketoacyl-CoA into acyl-CoA and acetyl-CoA during beta-oxidation of fatty acids |
| YMR207C |
HFA1 |
acetyl-CoA carboxylase HFA1 |
Mitochondrial acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase; catalyzes production of malonyl-CoA in mitochondrial fatty acid biosynthesis; relocalizes from mitochondrion to cytoplasm upon DNA replication stress; genetic and comparative analysis suggests that translation begins at a non-canonical (Ile) start codon at -372 relative to the annotated start codon |
| YBL015W |
ACH1 |
acetyl-CoA hydrolase |
Protein with CoA transferase activity; particularly for CoASH transfer from succinyl-CoA to acetate; has minor acetyl-CoA-hydrolase activity; phosphorylated; required for acetate utilization and for diploid pseudohyphal growth |
| YJL071W |
ARG2 |
acetyl-CoA:L-glutamate N-acetyltransferase | HRB574 |
Acetylglutamate synthase (glutamate N-acetyltransferase); mitochondrial enzyme that catalyzes the first step in the biosynthesis of the arginine precursor ornithine; forms a complex with Arg5,6p |
| YOL140W |
ARG8 |
acetylornithine transaminase |
Acetylornithine aminotransferase; catalyzes the fourth step in the biosynthesis of the arginine precursor ornithine |
| YDR051C |
DET1 |
acid phosphatase DET1 |
Acid phosphatase; involved in the non-vesicular transport of sterols in both directions between the endoplasmic reticulum and plasma membrane; deletion confers sensitivity to nickel |
| YAR071W |
PHO11 |
acid phosphatase PHO11 |
One of three repressible acid phosphatases; glycoprotein that is transported to the cell surface by the secretory pathway; induced by phosphate starvation and coordinately regulated by PHO4 and PHO2; PHO11 has a paralog, PHO12, that arose from a segmental duplication |
| YHR215W |
PHO12 |
acid phosphatase PHO12 | PHO10 |
One of three repressible acid phosphatases; glycoprotein that is transported to the cell surface by the secretory pathway; pregulated by phosphate starvation; PHO12 has a paralog, PHO11, that arose from a segmental duplication |
| YBR092C |
PHO3 |
acid phosphatase PHO3 | phoC |
Constitutively expressed acid phosphatase similar to Pho5p; brought to the cell surface by transport vesicles; hydrolyzes thiamin phosphates in the periplasmic space, increasing cellular thiamin uptake; expression is repressed by thiamin |
| YBR093C |
PHO5 |
acid phosphatase PHO5 | phoE |
Repressible acid phosphatase; 1 of 3 repressible acid phosphatases that also mediates extracellular nucleotide-derived phosphate hydrolysis; secretory pathway derived cell surface glycoprotein; induced by phosphate starvation and coordinately regulated by PHO4 and PHO2 |
| YMR009W |
ADI1 |
acireductone dioxygenase (Ni2+-requiring) |
Acireductone dioxygenease involved in methionine salvage pathway; transcribed as polycistronic mRNA with YMR010W and regulated post-transcriptionally by RNase III (Rnt1p) cleavage; ADI1 mRNA is induced in heat shock conditions; human ortholog ADI1 can complement yeast adi1 mutant |
| YLL041C |
SDH2 |
ACN17 | SDHB | succinate dehydrogenase iron-sulfur protein subunit SDH2 |
Iron-sulfur protein subunit of succinate dehydrogenase; the complex couples the oxidation of succinate to the transfer of electrons to ubiquinone as part of the TCA cycle and the mitochondrial respiratory chain; other members are Sdh1p, Sdh3p, and Sdh4p |
| YDR178W |
SDH4 |
ACN18 | succinate dehydrogenase membrane anchor subunit SDH4 |
Membrane anchor subunit of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH); involved in coupling the oxidation of succinate to the transfer of electrons to ubiquinone as part of the TCA cycle and the mitochondrial respiratory chain; has similarity to human SDH subunit D (SDHD), which is implicated in paraganglioma |
| YDR511W |
SDH7 |
ACN9 |
Mitochondrial protein involved in assembly of succinate dehydrogenase; has a role in maturation of the Sdh2p subunit; localized to the mitochondrial intermembrane space; required for acetate utilization and gluconeogenesis; mutation in Drosophila ortholog SDHAF3 causes reduced succinate dehydrogenase activity and neuronal and muscular dysfunction; member of the LYR protein family |
| YJL200C |
ACO2 |
aconitate hydratase ACO2 |
Putative mitochondrial aconitase isozyme; similarity to Aco1p, an aconitase required for the TCA cycle; expression induced during growth on glucose, by amino acid starvation via Gcn4p, and repressed on ethanol |
| YNL167C |
SKO1 |
ACR1 |
Basic leucine zipper transcription factor of the ATF/CREB family; forms a complex with Tup1p and Cyc8p to both activate and repress transcription; cytosolic and nuclear protein involved in osmotic and oxidative stress responses |
| YDL029W |
ARP2 |
ACT2 | actin-related protein 2 |
Essential component of the Arp2/3 complex; Arp2/3 is a highly conserved actin nucleation center required for the motility and integrity of actin patches; involved in endocytosis and membrane growth and polarity; required for efficient Golgi-to-ER trafficking in COPI mutants |
| YJL081C |
ARP4 |
ACT3 |
Nuclear actin-related protein involved in chromatin remodeling; component of chromatin-remodeling enzyme complexes |
| YHR129C |
ARP1 |
ACT5 | actin-related protein 1 |
Actin-related protein of the dynactin complex; required for spindle orientation and nuclear migration; forms actin-like short filament composed of 9 or 10 Arp1p monomers; putative ortholog of mammalian centractin |
| YOR181W |
LAS17 |
actin-binding protein LAS17 | BEE1 |
Actin assembly factor; C-terminal WCA domain activates Arp2/3 complex-mediated nucleation of branched actin filaments, polyproline domain nucleates actin filaments independent of Arp2/3; mutants are defective in endocytosis, bud site selection, cytokinesis; human homolog WAS (Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome) implicated in severe immunodeficiency; human WAS complements yeast null mutant, but only in presence of WIPF1, which mediates localization of WAS to cortical patches |
| YKL192C |
ACP1 |
acyl carrier protein |
Mitochondrial matrix acyl carrier protein; involved in biosynthesis of octanoate, which is a precursor to lipoic acid; activated by phosphopantetheinylation catalyzed by Ppt2p |
| YOR221C |
MCT1 |
[acyl-carrier-protein] S-malonyltransferase |
Predicted malonyl-CoA:ACP transferase; putative component of a type-II mitochondrial fatty acid synthase that produces intermediates for phospholipid remodeling |
| YKL094W |
YJU3 |
acylglycerol lipase |
Monoglyceride lipase (MGL); functional ortholog of mammalian MGL, localizes to lipid particles and membranes, also member of the eukaryotic serine hydrolase family |
| YPL254W |
HFI1 |
ADA1 | GAN1 | SRM12 | SUP110 |
Adaptor protein required for structural integrity of the SAGA complex; a histone acetyltransferase-coactivator complex that is involved in global regulation of gene expression through acetylation and transcription functions |
| YDR176W |
NGG1 |
ADA3 | histone acetyltransferase NGG1 | SWI7 |
Subunit of chromatin modifying histone acetyltransferase complexes; member of the ADA complex, the SAGA complex, and the SLIK complex; transcriptional regulator involved in glucose repression of Gal4p-regulated genes |
| YOL148C |
SPT20 |
ADA5 |
Subunit of the SAGA transcriptional regulatory complex; involved in maintaining the integrity of the complex; mutant displays reduced transcription elongation in the G-less-based run-on (GLRO) assay |
| YDL110C |
TMA17 |
ADC17 |
ATPase dedicated chaperone that adapts proteasome assembly to stress; Tma17p is induced upon stress; interacts with Rpt6p to assist its pairing to Rpt3p and early steps in proteasome biogenesis; associates with ribosomes; heterozygous deletion demonstrated increases in chromosome instability in a rad9 deletion background; protein abundance is decreased upon intracellular iron depletion |
| YOR184W |
SER1 |
ADE9 | O-phospho-L-serine:2-oxoglutarate transaminase |
3-phosphoserine aminotransferase; catalyzes the formation of phosphoserine from 3-phosphohydroxypyruvate, required for serine and glycine biosynthesis; regulated by the general control of amino acid biosynthesis mediated by Gcn4p; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress |
| YNL141W |
AAH1 |
adenine deaminase |
Adenine deaminase (adenine aminohydrolase); converts adenine to hypoxanthine; involved in purine salvage; transcriptionally regulated by nutrient levels and growth phase; Aah1p degraded upon entry into quiescence via SCF and the proteasome |
| YML022W |
APT1 |
adenine phosphoribosyltransferase APT1 |
Adenine phosphoribosyltransferase; catalyzes the formation of AMP from adenine and 5-phosphoribosylpyrophosphate; involved in the salvage pathway of purine nucleotide biosynthesis; APT1 has a paralog, APT2, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YDR441C |
APT2 |
adenine phosphoribosyltransferase APT2 |
Potential adenine phosphoribosyltransferase; encodes a protein with similarity to adenine phosphoribosyltransferase, but artificially expressed protein exhibits no enzymatic activity; APT2 has a paralog, APT1, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YDL125C |
HNT1 |
adenosine 5'-monophosphoramidase |
Adenosine 5'-monophosphoramidase; interacts physically and genetically with Kin28p, a CDK and TFIIK subunit, and genetically with CAK1; member of histidine triad (HIT) superfamily of nucleotide-binding proteins; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress; human homolog HINT1 can complement yeast hnt1 mutant |
| YJR105W |
ADO1 |
adenosine kinase |
Adenosine kinase; required for the utilization of S-adenosylmethionine (AdoMet); may be involved in recycling adenosine produced through the methyl cycle |
| YER043C |
SAH1 |
adenosylhomocysteinase |
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine hydrolase; catabolizes S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine which is formed after donation of the activated methyl group of S-adenosyl-L-methionine (AdoMet) to an acceptor; regulates cellular lipid homoeostasis by regulating phosphatidylcholine(PC)synthesis and triacylglycerol (TG) levels |
| YOL052C |
SPE2 |
adenosylmethionine decarboxylase SPE2 |
S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase; required for the biosynthesis of spermidine and spermine; cells lacking Spe2p require spermine or spermidine for growth in the presence of oxygen but not when grown anaerobically |
| YJL005W |
CYR1 |
adenylate cyclase | CDC35 | FIL1 | HSR1 | SRA4 | TSM0185 |
Adenylate cyclase; required for cAMP production and cAMP-dependent protein kinase signaling; the cAMP pathway controls a variety of cellular processes, including metabolism, cell cycle, stress response, stationary phase, and sporulation |
| YNL138W |
SRV2 |
adenylate cyclase-binding protein | CAP |
CAP (cyclase-associated protein); N-terminus binds adenylate cyclase and facilitates activation by RAS; N-terminus forms novel hexameric star-shaped shuriken structures that directly catalyze cofilin-mediated severing of actin filaments; C-terminus binds and recycles cofilin bound, ADP-actin monomers, facilitating regulation of actin dynamics and cell morphogenesis; N- and C-termini can function as physically separate proteins; mCAP1 is the mouse homolog |
| YDR226W |
ADK1 |
adenylate kinase ADK1 | AKY1 | AKY2 |
Adenylate kinase, required for purine metabolism; localized to the cytoplasm and the mitochondria; lacks cleavable signal sequence; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress; mutations affecting Adk1p catalytic activity deregulate expression of phosphate utilization genes PHO5 and PHO84; human homolog AK1 can complement yeast adk1 mutant |
| YER170W |
ADK2 |
adenylate kinase ADK2 | AKY3 | PAK3 |
Mitochondrial adenylate kinase; catalyzes the reversible synthesis of GTP and AMP from GDP and ADP; may serve as a back-up for synthesizing GTP or ADP depending on metabolic conditions; 3' sequence of ADK2 varies with strain background |
| YPL106C |
SSE1 |
adenyl-nucleotide exchange factor SSE1 | LPG3 | MSI3 |
ATPase component of heat shock protein Hsp90 chaperone complex; serves as nucleotide exchange factor to load ATP onto the SSA class of cytosolic Hsp70s; plays a role in prion propagation and determining prion variants; binds unfolded proteins; member of Hsp110 subclass of HSP70 proteins; deletion results in spindle elongation in S phase; SSE1 has a paralog, SSE2, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YBR169C |
SSE2 |
adenyl-nucleotide exchange factor SSE2 |
Member of Hsp110 subclass of the heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) family; serves as nucleotide exchange factor to load ATP onto the SSA class of cytosolic Hsp70s; may be involved in protein folding; localized to the cytoplasm; SSE2 has a paralog, SSE1, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YNL220W |
ADE12 |
adenylosuccinate synthase | BRA9 |
Adenylosuccinate synthase; catalyzes the first step in synthesis of adenosine monophosphate from inosine 5'monophosphate during purine nucleotide biosynthesis; exhibits binding to single-stranded autonomously replicating (ARS) core sequence |
| YKL001C |
MET14 |
adenylyl-sulfate kinase |
Adenylylsulfate kinase; required for sulfate assimilation and involved in methionine metabolism; human homolog PAPSS2 complements yeast null mutant |
| YDL168W |
SFA1 |
ADH5 | bifunctional alcohol dehydrogenase/S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione dehydrogenase |
Bifunctional alcohol dehydrogenase and formaldehyde dehydrogenase; formaldehyde dehydrogenase activity is glutathione-dependent; functions in formaldehyde detoxification and formation of long chain and complex alcohols, regulated by Hog1p-Sko1p; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress |
| YMR318C |
ADH6 |
ADHVI | NADP-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase |
NADPH-dependent medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase; has broad substrate specificity; member of the cinnamyl family of alcohol dehydrogenases; may be involved in fusel alcohol synthesis or in aldehyde tolerance; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress |
| YMR056C |
AAC1 |
ADP/ATP carrier protein AAC1 |
Mitochondrial inner membrane ADP/ATP translocator; exchanges cytosolic ADP for mitochondrially synthesized ATP; phosphorylated; Aac1p is a minor isoform while Pet9p is the major ADP/ATP translocator; relocalizes from mitochondrion to cytoplasm upon DNA replication stress |
| YBR085W |
AAC3 |
ADP/ATP carrier protein AAC3 | ANC3 |
Mitochondrial inner membrane ADP/ATP translocator; exchanges cytosolic ADP for mitochondrially synthesized ATP; expressed under anaerobic conditions; similar to Aac1p; has roles in maintenance of viability and in respiration; AAC3 has a paralog, PET9, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YBR111C |
YSA1 |
ADP-ribose diphosphatase | RMA2 |
Nudix hydrolase family member with ADP-ribose pyrophosphatase activity; shown to metabolize O-acetyl-ADP-ribose to AMP and acetylated ribose 5'-phosphate |
| YER122C |
GLO3 |
ADP-ribosylation factor GTPase-activating protein |
ADP-ribosylation factor GTPase activating protein (ARF GAP); involved in ER-Golgi transport; shares functional similarity with Gcs1p |
| YMR303C |
ADH2 |
ADR2 | alcohol dehydrogenase ADH2 |
Glucose-repressible alcohol dehydrogenase II; catalyzes the conversion of ethanol to acetaldehyde; involved in the production of certain carboxylate esters; regulated by ADR1 |
| YPL016W |
SWI1 |
ADR6 | GAM3 | LPA1 | [SWI(+)] | [SWI+] |
Subunit of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex; regulates transcription by remodeling chromatin; required for transcription of many genes, including ADH1, ADH2, GAL1, HO, INO1 and SUC2; self-assembles to form [SWI+] prion and to alter expression pattern; human homolog ARID1A is a candidate tumor suppressor gene in breast cancer |
| YPL252C |
YAH1 |
adrenodoxin |
Ferredoxin of the mitochondrial matrix; required for formation of cellular iron-sulfur proteins; involved in heme A biosynthesis; human homolog FDX1L can complement yeast by allowing growth during down-regulation of yeast YAH1 |
| YJR117W |
STE24 |
AFC1 | PIO2 | zinc metalloprotease |
Highly conserved zinc metalloprotease; functions in two steps of a-factor maturation, C-terminal CAAX proteolysis and the first step of N-terminal proteolytic processing; cleaves both isoprenylated and non-prenylated oligopeptides; contains multiple transmembrane spans; human homolog ZMPSTE24 implicated in mandibuloacral dysplasia (MAD), and can complement yeast null mutant |
| YGR076C |
MRPL25 |
AFO1 | mitochondrial 54S ribosomal protein YmL25 | mL59 | YmL25 | YMR26 |
Mitochondrial ribosomal protein of the large subunit; mutation confers increased replicative lifespan |
| YEL058W |
PCM1 |
AGM1 | phosphoacetylglucosamine mutase PCM1 |
Essential N-acetylglucosamine-phosphate mutase; converts GlcNAc-6-P to GlcNAc-1-P, which is a precursor for the biosynthesis of chitin and for the formation of N-glycosylated mannoproteins and glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchors |
| YFR011C |
MIC19 |
AIM13 | MCS19 |
Component of the MICOS complex; MICOS (formerly MINOS or MitOS) is a mitochondrial inner membrane complex that extends into the intermembrane space and has a role in the maintenance of crista junctions, inner membrane architecture, and formation of contact sites to the outer membrane; Mic19p is peripheral to the inner membrane and may connect Mic60p with the Mic10p-Mic12p-Mic27p subcomplex; both yeast and human Mic19p become oxidized, and oxidation may regulate MICOS |
| YGL220W |
BOL2 |
AIM15 | FRA2 |
Cytosolic protein involved in repression of iron regulon transcription; forms an iron-independent complex with Fra1p, Grx3p, and Grx4p; null mutant fails to repress the iron regulon and is sensitive to nickel; sequence similarity to human BOLA family member, BOLA2 |
| YKR016W |
MIC60 |
AIM28 | FCJ1 | FMP13 |
Component of the MICOS complex; MICOS (formerly MINOS or MitOS) is a mitochondrial inner membrane complex that extends into the intermembrane space and has a role in the maintenance of crista junctions, inner membrane architecture, and formation of contact sites to the outer membrane; Mic60p is also involved in import of intermembrane space (IMS) proteins, probably by positioning Mia40p relative to the TOM complex to receive incoming proteins; ortholog of mammalian mitofilin |
| YLR168C |
UPS2 |
AIM30 | GEP1 | MSF1 | MSF1' |
Mitochondrial intermembrane space protein; involved in phospholipid metabolism; forms complex with Mdm35p that transfers phosphatidylserine from outer membrane to inner membrane for phosphatidylethanolamine synthesis; null mutant has defects in mitochondrial morphology; similar to Ups1p, Ups3p and to human PRELI; UPS2 has a paralog, UPS3, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YML030W |
RCF1 |
AIM31 |
Cytochrome c oxidase subunit; required for assembly of the Complex III-Complex IV supercomplex, and for assembly of Cox13p and Rcf2p into cytochrome c oxidase; similar to Rcf2p, and either Rcf1p or Rcf2p is required for late-stage assembly of the Cox12p and Cox13p subunits and for cytochrome c oxidase activity; required for growth under hypoxic conditions; member of the hypoxia induced gene family; C. elegans and human orthologs are functional in yeast |
| YNL100W |
MIC27 |
AIM37 | MCS27 |
Component of the MICOS complex; MICOS (formerly MINOS or MitOS) is a mitochondrial inner membrane complex that extends into the intermembrane space and has a role in the maintenance of crista junctions, inner membrane architecture, and formation of contact sites to the outer membrane; forms a subcomplex with Mic10p and Mic12p whose assembly and stability requires cardiolipin |
| YNR018W |
RCF2 |
AIM38 |
Cytochrome c oxidase subunit; has a role in assembly of respiratory supercomplexes; similar to Rcf1p, and either Rcf1p or Rcf2p is required for late-stage assembly of the Cox12p and Cox13p subunits and for cytochrome c oxidase activity; associates with the cytochrome c oxidase - cytochrome bc1 supercomplex; null mutant accumulates reactive oxygen species; member of the conserved hypoxia induced gene family; C. elegans homolog is functional in yeast |
| YOR205C |
GEP3 |
AIM40 | FMP38 | LRC5 | MTG3 |
Protein required for mitochondrial ribosome small subunit biogenesis; null mutant is defective in respiration and in maturation of 15S rRNA; protein is localized to the mitochondrial inner membrane; null mutant interacts synthetically with prohibitin (Phb1p) |
| YOR286W |
RDL2 |
AIM42 | FMP31 | thiosulfate sulfurtransferase RDL2 |
Protein with rhodanese activity; contains a rhodanese-like domain similar to Rdl1p, Uba4p, Tum1p, and Ych1p; overexpression causes a cell cycle delay; null mutant displays elevated frequency of mitochondrial genome loss |
| YBR262C |
MIC12 |
AIM5 | FMP51 | MCS12 |
Component of the MICOS complex; MICOS (formerly MINOS or MitOS) is a mitochondrial inner membrane complex that extends into the intermembrane space and has a role in the maintenance of crista junctions, inner membrane architecture, and formation of contact sites to the outer membrane; forms a subcomplex with Mic10p and Mic27p whose assembly and stability requires cardiolipin |
| YDR493W |
MZM1 |
AIM8 | FMP36 |
Protein required for assembly of the cytochrome bc(1) complex; acts as a chaperone for Rip1p and facilitates its insertion into the complex at a late stage of assembly; localized to the mitochondrial matrix; null mutant exhibits a respiratory growth defect and reduced mitochondrial zinc levels, which is characteristic of mutations affecting bc(1) complex assembly; member of the LYR protein family; human LYRM7 is a functional ortholog |
| YDL178W |
DLD2 |
AIP2 | D-lactate dehydrogenase |
D-2-hydroxyglutarate dehydrogenase, and minor D-lactate dehydrogenase; mitochondrial matrix protein that oxidizes D-2-hydroxyglutarate (D-2HG), an oncometabolite, to alpha-ketoglutarate with a minor role in lactate catabolism; located in the mitochondrial matrix |
| YLR319C |
BUD6 |
AIP3 |
Actin- and formin-interacting protein; participates in actin cable assembly and organization as a nucleation-promoting factor (NPF) for formins Bni1p and Bnr1p; a triple helical coiled-coil domain in the C-terminal region interacts with Bni1p; involved in polarized cell growth; isolated as bipolar budding mutant; potential Cdc28p substrate |
| YDL130W-A |
STF1 |
AIS2 | ATPase-binding protein |
Protein involved in regulation of the mitochondrial F1F0-ATP synthase; Stf1p and Stf2p act as stabilizing factors that enhance inhibitory action of the Inh1p protein; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress; STF1 has a paralog, INH1, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YFL030W |
AGX1 |
alanine--glyoxylate transaminase |
Alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase (AGT); catalyzes the synthesis of glycine from glyoxylate, which is one of three pathways for glycine biosynthesis in yeast; similar to mammalian and plant alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferases; human homolog AGXT complements yeast null mutant |
| YDR111C |
ALT2 |
alanine transaminase ALT2 |
Catalytically inactive alanine transaminase; expression is repressed in the presence of alanine and repression is mediated by Nrg1p; ALT2 has a paralog, ALT1, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YOR335C |
ALA1 |
alanine--tRNA ligase | CDC64 |
Cytoplasmic and mitochondrial alanyl-tRNA synthetase; required for protein synthesis; point mutation (cdc64-1 allele) causes cell cycle arrest at G1; lethality of null mutation is functionally complemented by human homolog AARS; mutations in human homolog AARS are associated with autoimmune disease polymyositis/dermatomyositis |
| YMR083W |
ADH3 |
alcohol dehydrogenase ADH3 |
Mitochondrial alcohol dehydrogenase isozyme III; involved in the shuttling of mitochondrial NADH to the cytosol under anaerobic conditions and ethanol production |
| YGL256W |
ADH4 |
alcohol dehydrogenase ADH4 | NRC465 | ZRG5 |
Alcohol dehydrogenase isoenzyme type IV; dimeric enzyme demonstrated to be zinc-dependent despite sequence similarity to iron-activated alcohol dehydrogenases; transcription is induced in response to zinc deficiency |
| YBR145W |
ADH5 |
alcohol dehydrogenase ADH5 |
Alcohol dehydrogenase isoenzyme V; involved in ethanol production; ADH5 has a paralog, ADH1, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YGR177C |
ATF2 |
alcohol O-acetyltransferase |
Alcohol acetyltransferase; may play a role in steroid detoxification; forms volatile esters during fermentation, which is important for brewing and winemaking |
| YOR377W |
ATF1 |
alcohol O-acetyltransferase |
Alcohol acetyltransferase; responsible for the major part of volatile acetate ester production during fermentation; main enzyme involved in terpenyl acetate synthesis; potential roles in lipid and sterol metabolism |
| YPL061W |
ALD6 |
ALD1 | aldehyde dehydrogenase (NADP(+)) ALD6 |
Cytosolic aldehyde dehydrogenase; activated by Mg2+ and utilizes NADP+ as the preferred coenzyme; required for conversion of acetaldehyde to acetate; constitutively expressed; locates to the mitochondrial outer surface upon oxidative stress |
| YOR374W |
ALD4 |
ALD7 | aldehyde dehydrogenase (NADP(+)) ALD4 | ALDH2 |
Mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase; required for growth on ethanol and conversion of acetaldehyde to acetate; phosphorylated; activity is K+ dependent; utilizes NADP+ or NAD+ equally as coenzymes; expression is glucose repressed; can substitute for cytosolic NADP-dependent aldehyde dehydrogenase when directed to the cytosol; human homolog ALDH2 can complement yeast ald4 mutant |
| YMR170C |
ALD2 |
aldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD(+)) ALD2 |
Cytoplasmic aldehyde dehydrogenase; involved in ethanol oxidation and beta-alanine biosynthesis; uses NAD+ as the preferred coenzyme; expression is stress induced and glucose repressed; very similar to Ald3p |
| YMR169C |
ALD3 |
aldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD(+)) ALD3 |
Cytoplasmic aldehyde dehydrogenase; involved in beta-alanine synthesis; uses NAD+ as the preferred coenzyme; very similar to Ald2p; expression is induced by stress and repressed by glucose |
| YER073W |
ALD5 |
aldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD(P)(+)) ALD5 |
Mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase; involved in regulation or biosynthesis of electron transport chain components and acetate formation; activated by K+; utilizes NADP+ as the preferred coenzyme; constitutively expressed |
| YDL124W |
— |
aldo-keto reductase superfamily protein |
NADPH-dependent alpha-keto amide reductase; reduces aromatic alpha-keto amides, aliphatic alpha-keto esters, and aromatic alpha-keto esters; member of the aldo-keto reductase (AKR) family; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress |
| YJR096W |
— |
aldo-keto reductase superfamily protein |
Xylose and arabinose reductase; member of the aldo-keto reductase (AKR) family; GFP-fusion protein is induced in response to the DNA-damaging agent MMS |
| YFL045C |
SEC53 |
ALG4 | phosphomannomutase SEC53 |
Phosphomannomutase; involved in synthesis of GDP-mannose and dolichol-phosphate-mannose; required for folding and glycosylation of secretory proteins in the ER lumen |
| YPL087W |
YDC1 |
alkaline dihydroceramidase |
Alkaline dihydroceramidase, involved in sphingolipid metabolism; preferentially hydrolyzes dihydroceramide to a free fatty acid and dihydrosphingosine; has a minor reverse activity; YDC1 has a paralog, YPC1, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YDR481C |
PHO8 |
alkaline phosphatase PHO8 | phoH |
Repressible vacuolar alkaline phosphatase; regulated by levels of Pi and by Pho4p, Pho9p, Pho80p, Pho81p and Pho85p; dephosphorylates phosphotyrosyl peptides; contributes to NAD+ metabolism by producing nicotinamide riboside from NMN |
| YHL027W |
RIM101 |
alkaline-responsive transcriptional regulator RIM101 | RIM1 |
Cys2His2 zinc-finger transcriptional repressor; involved in alkaline responsive gene repression as part of adaptation to alkaline conditions; involved in cell wall assembly; required for alkaline pH-stimulated haploid invasive growth and sporulation; activated by alkaline-dependent proteolytic processing which results in removal of the C-terminal tail; similar to A. nidulans PacC |
| YHR204W |
MNL1 |
alpha-1,2-mannosidase MNL1 | HTM1 |
Alpha-1,2-specific exomannosidase of the endoplasmic reticulum; involved in glycan trimming of both folded and misfolded glycoproteins; complexes with Pdi1p, and trims a mannose from Man8GlcNac2 glycans to generate Man7GlcNac2, an oligosaccharide signal on glycoproteins destined for ER-associated protein degradation; requires Pdi1p for stability and substrate recognition; human homolog EDEM1 can complement yeast null mutant |
| YNL048W |
ALG11 |
alpha-1,2-mannosyltransferase ALG11 |
Alpha-1,2-mannosyltransferase; catalyzes sequential addition of the two terminal alpha 1,2-mannose residues to the Man5GlcNAc2-PP-dolichol intermediate during asparagine-linked glycosylation in the ER |
| YDR483W |
KRE2 |
alpha-1,2-mannosyltransferase KRE2 | MNT1 |
Alpha1,2-mannosyltransferase of the Golgi; involved in protein mannosylation; KRE2 has a paralog, KTR6, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YOR099W |
KTR1 |
alpha-1,2-mannosyltransferase KTR1 |
Alpha-1,2-mannosyltransferase; involved in O- and N-linked protein glycosylation; type II membrane protein; member of the KRE2/MNT1 mannosyltransferase family; relocalizes from vacuole to cytoplasm upon DNA replication stress |
| YBR015C |
MNN2 |
alpha-1,2-mannosyltransferase MNN2 | CRV4 | LDB8 | TTP1 |
Alpha-1,2-mannosyltransferase; responsible for addition of the first alpha-1,2-linked mannose to form the branches on the mannan backbone of oligosaccharides, localizes to an early Golgi compartment |
| YJL186W |
MNN5 |
alpha-1,2-mannosyltransferase MNN5 |
Alpha-1,2-mannosyltransferase; responsible for addition of the second alpha-1,2-linked mannose of the branches on the mannan backbone of oligosaccharides, localizes to an early Golgi compartment |
| YER001W |
MNN1 |
alpha-1,3-mannosyltransferase MNN1 |
Alpha-1,3-mannosyltransferase; integral membrane glycoprotein of the Golgi complex, required for addition of alpha1,3-mannose linkages to N-linked and O-linked oligosaccharides, one of five S. cerevisiae proteins of the MNN1 family |
| YJR075W |
HOC1 |
alpha-1,6-mannosyltransferase |
Alpha-1,6-mannosyltransferase; involved in cell wall mannan biosynthesis; subunit of a Golgi-localized complex that also contains Anp1p, Mnn9p, Mnn11p, and Mnn10p; identified as a suppressor of a cell lysis sensitive pkc1-371 allele |
| YJL183W |
MNN11 |
alpha-1,6-mannosyltransferase |
Subunit of a Golgi mannosyltransferase complex; this complex also contains Anp1p, Mnn9p, Mnn10p, and Hoc1p, and mediates elongation of the polysaccharide mannan backbone; has homology to Mnn10p |
| YDR245W |
MNN10 |
alpha-1,6-mannosyltransferase | BED1 | REC41 | SLC2 |
Subunit of a Golgi mannosyltransferase complex; complex mediates elongation of the polysaccharide mannan backbone; membrane protein of the mannosyltransferase family; other members of the complex are Anp1p, Mnn9p, Mnn11p, and Hoc1p |
| YDR001C |
NTH1 |
alpha,alpha-trehalase NTH1 |
Neutral trehalase, degrades trehalose; required for thermotolerance and may mediate resistance to other cellular stresses; phosphorylated and activated by Cdc28p at the G1/S phase transition to coordinately regulate carbohydrate metabolism and the cell cycle; inhibited by Dcs1p; NTH1 has a paralog, NTH2, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YBR001C |
NTH2 |
alpha,alpha-trehalase NTH2 |
Putative neutral trehalase, required for thermotolerance; may mediate resistance to other cellular stresses; NTH2 has a paralog, NTH1, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YBR126C |
TPS1 |
alpha,alpha-trehalose-phosphate synthase (UDP-forming) TPS1 | BYP1 | CIF1 | FDP1 | GGS1 | GLC6 | TSS1 |
Synthase subunit of trehalose-6-P synthase/phosphatase complex; synthesizes the storage carbohydrate trehalose, which is critically important for survival of long-term desiccation; also found in a monomeric form; expression is induced by the stress response and repressed by the Ras-cAMP pathway; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress and in response to prolonged exposure to boric acid |
| YDR125C |
ECM18 |
alpha/beta hydrolase family protein |
Protein of unknown function; ECM18 has a paralog, ICT1, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YFL026W |
STE2 |
alpha-factor pheromone receptor STE2 |
Receptor for alpha-factor pheromone; seven transmembrane-domain GPCR that interacts with both pheromone and a heterotrimeric G protein to initiate the signaling response that leads to mating between haploid a and alpha cells |
| YIL125W |
KGD1 |
alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase KGD1 | OGD1 |
Subunit of the mitochondrial alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex; catalyzes a key step in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, the oxidative decarboxylation of alpha-ketoglutarate to form succinyl-CoA |
| YDR148C |
KGD2 |
alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase KGD2 |
Dihydrolipoyl transsuccinylase; component of the mitochondrial alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex, which catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of alpha-ketoglutarate to succinyl-CoA in the TCA cycle; phosphorylated |
| YGL156W |
AMS1 |
alpha-mannosidase |
Vacuolar alpha mannosidase; involved in free oligosaccharide (fOS) degradation; delivered to the vacuole in a novel pathway separate from the secretory pathway |
| YML085C |
TUB1 |
alpha-tubulin TUB1 |
Alpha-tubulin; associates with beta-tubulin (Tub2p) to form tubulin dimer, which polymerizes to form microtubules; relative distribution to nuclear foci increases upon DNA replication stress; TUB1 has a paralog, TUB3, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YML124C |
TUB3 |
alpha-tubulin TUB3 |
Alpha-tubulin; associates with beta-tubulin (Tub2p) to form tubulin dimer, which polymerizes to form microtubules; expressed at lower level than Tub1p; TUB3 has a paralog, TUB1, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YML035C |
AMD1 |
AMD3 | AMP deaminase |
AMP deaminase; tetrameric enzyme that catalyzes the deamination of AMP to form IMP and ammonia; thought to be involved in regulation of intracellular purine (adenine, guanine, and inosine) nucleotide pools |
| YBR244W |
GPX2 |
AMI1 | glutathione peroxidase GPX2 |
Phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase; protects cells from phospholipid hydroperoxides and nonphospholipid peroxides during oxidative stress; induced by glucose starvation; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress |
| YJR062C |
NTA1 |
amidase | DEA1 |
Amidase; removes the amide group from N-terminal asparagine and glutamine residues to generate proteins with N-terminal aspartate and glutamate residues that are targets of ubiquitin-mediated degradation |
| YMR300C |
ADE4 |
amidophosphoribosyltransferase |
Phosphoribosylpyrophosphate amidotransferase (PRPPAT); catalyzes first step of the 'de novo' purine nucleotide biosynthetic pathway; also known as amidophosphoribosyltransferase |
| YKR039W |
GAP1 |
amino acid permease GAP1 |
General amino acid permease; Gap1p senses the presence of amino acid substrates to regulate localization to the plasma membrane when needed; essential for invasive growth |
| YCL025C |
AGP1 |
amino acid transporter AGP1 | YCC5 |
Low-affinity amino acid permease with broad substrate range; involved in uptake of asparagine, glutamine, and other amino acids; expression regulated by SPS plasma membrane amino acid sensor system (Ssy1p-Ptr3p-Ssy5p); AGP1 has a paralog, GNP1, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YDR046C |
BAP3 |
amino acid transporter BAP3 | PAP1 |
Amino acid permease; involved in uptake of cysteine, leucine, isoleucine and valine; BAP3 has a paralog, BAP2, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YBR069C |
TAT1 |
amino acid transporter TAT1 | TAP1 | VAP1 |
Amino acid transporter for valine, leucine, isoleucine, and tyrosine; low-affinity tryptophan and histidine transporter; overexpression confers FK506 and FTY720 resistance; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress |
| YBL057C |
PTH2 |
aminoacyl-tRNA hydrolase |
One of two mitochondrially-localized peptidyl-tRNA hydrolases; negatively regulates the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway via interactions with ubiquitin-like ubiquitin-associated proteins; dispensable for cell growth; see also PTH1 |
| YHR189W |
PTH1 |
aminoacyl-tRNA hydrolase | PTH |
One of two mitochondrially-localized peptidyl-tRNA hydrolases; dispensable for respiratory growth on rich medium, but required for respiratory growth on minimal medium; see also PTH2 |
| YMR289W |
ABZ2 |
aminodeoxychorismate lyase ABZ2 |
Aminodeoxychorismate lyase (4-amino-4-deoxychorismate lyase); catalyzes the third step in para-aminobenzoic acid biosynthesis; involved in folic acid biosynthesis |
| YER078C |
ICP55 |
aminopeptidase |
Mitochondrial aminopeptidase; cleaves the N termini of at least 38 imported proteins after cleavage by the mitochondrial processing peptidase (MPP), thereby increasing their stability; member of the aminopeptidase P family |
| YCR094W |
CDC50 |
aminophospholipid translocase regulatory protein CDC50 |
Endosomal protein that interacts with phospholipid flippase Drs2p; interaction with Cdc50p is essential for Drs2p catalytic activity; mutations affect cell polarity and polarized growth; similar to Lem3p; CDC50 has a paralog, YNR048W, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YER166W |
DNF1 |
aminophospholipid-translocating P4-type ATPase DNF1 |
Aminophospholipid translocase (flippase); type 4 P-type ATPase; involved in phospholipid translocation, contributing to endocytosis, protein transport, and cellular polarization; localizes primarily to the plasma membrane; localizes to the shmoo tip where it has a redundant role in the cellular response to mating pheromone; DNF1 has a paralog, DNF2, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YDR093W |
DNF2 |
aminophospholipid-translocating P4-type ATPase DNF2 |
Aminophospholipid translocase (flippase); type 4 P-type ATPase; involved in phospholipid translocation, contributing to endocytosis, protein transport, and cellular polarization; localizes primarily to the plasma membrane; localizes to the shmoo tip where it has a redundant role in the cellular response to mating pheromone; DNF2 has a paralog, DNF1, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YMR162C |
DNF3 |
aminophospholipid-translocating P4-type ATPase DNF3 |
Trans-golgi network aminophospholipid translocase (flippase); type 4 P-type ATPase; involved in phospholipid translocation, contributing to the maintenance of membrane lipid asymmetry in post-Golgi secretory vesicles; role in protein trafficking between the Golgi and endosomal system; localizes to the trans-Golgi network; localizes to the shmoo tip where it has a redundant role in the cellular response to mating pheromone |
| YAL026C |
DRS2 |
aminophospholipid-translocating P4-type ATPase DRS2 | FUN38 | SWA3 |
Trans-golgi network aminophospholipid translocase (flippase); maintains membrane lipid asymmetry in post-Golgi secretory vesicles; contributes to clathrin-coated vesicle formation, endocytosis, protein trafficking between the Golgi and endosomal system and the cellular response to mating pheromone; autoinhibited by its C-terminal tail; localizes to the trans-Golgi network; mutations in human homolog ATP8B1 result in liver disease |
| YGR001C |
EFM5 |
AML1 | protein-lysine N-methyltransferase |
S-adenosylmethionine-dependent lysine methyltransferase; involved in the trimethylation of eEF1A (Tef1p/Tef2p) at lysine 79; green fluorescent protein (GFP)-fusion protein localizes to the cytoplasm; required for replication of Brome mosaic virus in budding yeast; expresses a circular RNA; originally misclassified as a N-6-adenine specific DNA methyltransferase based on sequence similarity; both Efm5p and human ortholog N6AMT2 can methylate eEF1a from either species in vitro |
| YGR121C |
MEP1 |
ammonium permease MEP1 | AMT1 |
Ammonium permease; belongs to Mep-Amt-Rh family of well-conserved ammonium (NH4+) transporters that includes the human Rh factors; expression is under the nitrogen catabolite repression regulation; activity regulated by TORC1 effectors, Npr1p and Par32p; human homolog RHCG complements yeast null mutant; mutations in human homolog RHCG implicated in metabolic acidosis; MEP1 has a paralog, MEP3, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YNL142W |
MEP2 |
ammonium permease MEP2 |
Ammonium permease involved in regulation of pseudohyphal growth; belongs to Mep-Amt-Rh family of well-conserved ammonium (NH4+) transporters that includes human Rh factors; expression is under the nitrogen catabolite repression regulation; activity is controlled by phospho-silencing; phosphorylation of Mep2 mediated by Npr1; dephosphorylation involves Psr1p and Psr2p |
| YPR138C |
MEP3 |
ammonium permease MEP3 |
Ammonium permease of high capacity and low affinity; belongs to Mep-Amt-Rh family of well-conserved ammonium (NH4+) transporters that includes the human Rh factors; expression is under the nitrogen catabolite repression regulation ammonia permease activity regulated by TORC1 effectors, Npr1p and Par32p; MEP3 has a paralog, MEP1, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YOL062C |
APM4 |
AMP1 |
Cargo-binding mu subunit of AP-2; AP-2 is a heterotetrameric endocytic cargo-binding adaptor that facilitates uptake of membrane proteins during clathrin-mediated endocytosis; Apm4p is required for AP-2 function and localization, and binds cell wall stress receptor Mid2p; AP-2 is required for cell polarity responses to pheromone, nutritional status and cell wall damage in S. cerevisiae, and for hyphal growth in C. albicans; AP-2 complex is conserved in mammals |
| YDR477W |
SNF1 |
AMP-activated serine/threonine-protein kinase catalytic subunit SNF1 | CAT1 | CCR1 | GLC2 | HAF3 | PAS14 |
AMP-activated S/T protein kinase; complexes with Snf4p and a Sip1p/Sip2p/Gal83p family member; required for glucose-repressed gene transcription, heat shock, sporulation, and peroxisome biogenesis; active form involved in mitotic spindle alignment in non-limiting glucose; regulates Hxk2p nucleocytoplasmic shuttling; regulates filamentous growth and acts as a non-canonical GEF-activating Arf3p during invasive growth; sumoylation inhibits Snf1p, targeting it for Ub-ligase mediated destruction |
| YGL115W |
SNF4 |
AMP-activated serine/threonine-protein kinase regulatory subunit SNF4 | CAT3 | SCI1 |
Activating gamma subunit of the AMP-activated Snf1p kinase complex; additional subunits of the complex are Snf1p and a Sip1p/Sip2p/Gal83p family member; activates glucose-repressed genes, represses glucose-induced genes; role in sporulation, and peroxisome biogenesis; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress |
| YDR388W |
RVS167 |
amphiphysin |
Calmodulin-binding actin-associated protein; roles in endocytic membrane tabulation and constriction, and exocytosis; N-BAR domain protein that interacts with Rvs161p to regulate actin cytoskeleton, endocytosis, and viability following starvation or osmotic stress; recruited to bud tips by Gyl1p and Gyp5p during polarized growth; homolog of mammalian amphiphysin |
| YCR009C |
RVS161 |
amphiphysin-like protein RVS161 | END6 | FUS7 | SPE161 |
Amphiphysin-like lipid raft protein; N-BAR domain protein that interacts with Rvs167p and regulates polarization of the actin cytoskeleton, endocytosis, cell polarity, cell fusion and viability following starvation or osmotic stress |
| YDL173W |
PAR32 |
AMU1 |
Low complexity protein; mediates inhibition of Mep1p and Mep3p activity; hyperphosphorylated upon rapamycin treatment in a Tap42p-dependent manner; green fluorescent protein (GFP)-fusion protein localizes to the cytoplasm; phosphorylation and localization regulated by TORC1-effector kinase, Npr1p |
| YGL013C |
PDR1 |
AMY1 | ANT1 | BOR2 | CYH3 | drug-responsive transcription factor PDR1 | NRA2 | SMR2 | TIL1 | TPE1 | TPE3 |
Transcription factor that regulates the pleiotropic drug response; zinc cluster protein that is a master regulator involved in recruiting other zinc cluster proteins to pleiotropic drug response elements (PDREs) to fine tune the regulation of multidrug resistance genes; relocalizes to the cytosol in response to hypoxia; PDR1 has a paralog, PDR3, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YBL005W |
PDR3 |
AMY2 | drug-responsive transcription factor PDR3 | TPE2 |
Transcriptional activator of the pleiotropic drug resistance network; regulates expression of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters through binding to cis-acting PDRE sites (PDR responsive elements); has a role in response to drugs and organic solvents; post-translationally up-regulated in cells lacking functional mitochondrial genome; involved in diauxic shift; relative distribution to nucleus increases upon DNA replication stress; APCC(Cdh1) substrate |
| YNL172W |
APC1 |
anaphase promoting complex subunit 1 |
Largest subunit of the Anaphase-Promoting Complex/Cyclosome; APC/C is a ubiquitin-protein ligase required for degradation of anaphase inhibitors, including mitotic cyclins, during the metaphase/anaphase transition; component of the platform domain of the APC/C, based on structural analysis; localizes to nuclear foci that become diffuse upon DNA replication stress |
| YDL008W |
APC11 |
anaphase promoting complex subunit 11 |
Catalytic core subunit, Anaphase-Promoting Complex/Cyclosome (APC/C); which is a ubiquitin-protein ligase required for degradation of anaphase inhibitors, including mitotic cyclins, during the metaphase/anaphase transition; contains a RING-H2 domain that is required for activity |
| YLR127C |
APC2 |
anaphase promoting complex subunit 2 | RSI1 | TID2 |
Subunit of the Anaphase-Promoting Complex/Cyclosome (APC/C); which is a ubiquitin-protein ligase required for degradation of anaphase inhibitors, including mitotic cyclins, during the metaphase/anaphase transition; component of the catalytic core of the APC/C; has similarity to cullin Cdc53p |
| YDR118W |
APC4 |
anaphase promoting complex subunit 4 |
Subunit of the Anaphase-Promoting Complex/Cyclosome (APC/C); APC/C is a ubiquitin-protein ligase required for degradation of anaphase inhibitors, including mitotic cyclins, during the metaphase/anaphase transition; component of the platform domain of the APC/C, based on structural analysis; relative distribution to the nucleus increases upon DNA replication stress |
| YOR249C |
APC5 |
anaphase promoting complex subunit 5 | RMC1 |
Subunit of the Anaphase-Promoting Complex/Cyclosome (APC/C); APC/C is a ubiquitin-protein ligase required for degradation of anaphase inhibitors, including mitotic cyclins, during the metaphase/anaphase transition; component of the platform domain of the APC/C, based on structural analysis; relative distribution to nuclear foci decreases upon DNA replication stress |
| YLR102C |
APC9 |
anaphase promoting complex subunit 9 |
Subunit of the Anaphase-Promoting Complex/Cyclosome (APC/C); APC/C is a ubiquitin-protein ligase required for degradation of anaphase inhibitors, including mitotic cyclins, during the metaphase/anaphase transition |
| YKL022C |
CDC16 |
anaphase promoting complex subunit CDC16 |
Subunit of the anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C); which is a ubiquitin-protein ligase required for degradation of anaphase inhibitors, including mitotic cyclins, during the metaphase/anaphase transition; required for sporulation; relocalizes to the cytosol in response to hypoxia |
| YHR166C |
CDC23 |
anaphase promoting complex subunit CDC23 |
Subunit of the Anaphase-Promoting Complex/Cyclosome (APC/C); APC/C is a ubiquitin-protein ligase required for degradation of anaphase inhibitors, including mitotic cyclins, during the metaphase/anaphase transition |
| YFR036W |
CDC26 |
anaphase promoting complex subunit CDC26 | HIT3 | SCD26 |
Subunit of the Anaphase-Promoting Complex/Cyclosome (APC/C); which is a ubiquitin-protein ligase required for degradation of anaphase inhibitors, including mitotic cyclins, during the metaphase/anaphase transition; relocalizes to the cytosol in response to hypoxia |
| YBL084C |
CDC27 |
anaphase promoting complex subunit CDC27 | APC3 | SNB1 |
Subunit of the Anaphase-Promoting Complex/Cyclosome (APC/C); APC/C is a ubiquitin-protein ligase required for degradation of anaphase inhibitors, including mitotic cyclins, during the metaphase/anaphase transition |
| YGL240W |
DOC1 |
anaphase promoting complex subunit DOC1 | APC10 |
Processivity factor; required for the ubiquitination activity of the anaphase promoting complex (APC), mediates the activity of the APC by contributing to substrate recognition; involved in cyclin proteolysis; contains a conserved DOC1 homology domain |
| YPL129W |
TAF14 |
ANC1 | SWP29 | TAF30 | TafII30 | TATA-binding protein-associated factor TAF14 | TFG3 |
Subunit of TFIID, TFIIF, INO80, SWI/SNF, and NuA3 complexes; involved in RNA polymerase II transcription initiation and in chromatin modification; contains a YEATS domain |
| YDR354W |
TRP4 |
anthranilate phosphoribosyltransferase |
Anthranilate phosphoribosyl transferase; transferase of the tryptophan biosynthetic pathway; catalyzes the phosphoribosylation of anthranilate; subject to the general control system of amino acid biosynthesis |
| YER090W |
TRP2 |
anthranilate synthase TRP2 |
Anthranilate synthase; catalyzes the initial step of tryptophan biosynthesis, forms multifunctional hetero-oligomeric anthranilate synthase:indole-3-glycerol phosphate synthase enzyme complex with Trp3p |
| YIL109C |
SEC24 |
ANU1 | COPII subunit SEC24 |
Component of the Sec23p-Sec24p heterodimer of the COPII vesicle coat; required for cargo selection during vesicle formation in ER to Golgi transport; homologous to Sfb3p; SEC24 has a paralog, SFB2, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YIL076W |
SEC28 |
ANU2 | coatomer subunit epsilon |
Epsilon-COP subunit of the coatomer; regulates retrograde Golgi-to-ER protein traffic; stabilizes Cop1p, the alpha-COP and the coatomer complex; non-essential for cell growth; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress |
| YLR208W |
SEC13 |
ANU3 | GTPase-activating protein SEC13 |
Structural component of 3 complexes; subunit of the Nup84p nuclear pore subcomplex that contributes to nucleocytoplasmic transport and NPC biogenesis; subunit of the COPII vesicle coat required for ER-to-Golgi transport; subunit of SEACAT, a subcomplex of the coatomer-related, vacuolar-associated SEA complex, that inhibits the TORC1 inhibitory role of SEACIT (Iml1p-Npr2p-Npr3p), a GAP for Gtr1p, thereby resulting in activation of TORC1 signaling; human SEC13 homolog |
| YBR231C |
SWC5 |
AOR1 |
Component of the SWR1 complex; complex exchanges histone variant H2AZ (Htz1p) for chromatin-bound histone H2A; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress; relocalizes to the cytosol in response to hypoxia |
| YLR372W |
ELO3 |
APA1 | fatty acid elongase ELO3 | SRE1 | SUR4 | VBM1 |
Elongase; involved in fatty acid and sphingolipid biosynthesis; synthesizes very long chain 20-26-carbon fatty acids from C18-CoA primers; involved in regulation of sphingolipid biosynthesis; lethality of the elo2 elo3 double null mutation is functionally complemented by human ELOVL1 and weakly complemented by human ELOVL3 or ELOV7 |
| YDL212W |
SHR3 |
APF1 |
Endoplasmic reticulum packaging chaperone; required for incorporation of amino acid permeases into COPII coated vesicles for transport to the cell surface |
| YGL180W |
ATG1 |
APG1 | AUT3 | CVT10 | serine/threonine protein kinase ATG1 |
Protein serine/threonine kinase; required for vesicle formation in autophagy and the cytoplasm-to-vacuole targeting (Cvt) pathway; structurally required for phagophore assembly site formation; during autophagy forms a complex with Atg13p and Atg17p; essential for cell cycle progression from G2/M to G1 under nitrogen starvation |
| YPR185W |
ATG13 |
APG13 | serine/threonine protein kinase regulatory subunit ATG13 |
Regulatory subunit of the Atg1p signaling complex; stimulates Atg1p kinase activity; required for vesicle formation during autophagy and the cytoplasm-to-vacuole targeting (Cvt) pathway; contains a HORMA domain required for autophagy and for recruitment of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase complex subunit Atg14p to the pre-autophagosomal structure |
| YMR159C |
ATG16 |
APG15 | APG16 | CVT11 | SAP18 |
Conserved protein involved in autophagy; interacts with Atg12p-Atg5p conjugates to form Atg12p-Atg5p-Atg16p multimers, which binds to membranes and localizes to the pre-autophagosomal structure and are required for autophagy; relocalizes from nucleus to cytoplasmic foci upon DNA replication stress |
| YLR423C |
ATG17 |
APG17 | protein kinase regulatory subunit ATG17 |
Scaffold protein responsible for phagophore assembly site organization; regulatory subunit of an autophagy-specific complex that includes Atg1p and Atg13p; stimulates Atg1p kinase activity; human ortholog RB1CC1/FIP200 interacts with p53, which inhibits autophagy in human cells |
| YNL242W |
ATG2 |
APG2 | AUT8 | SPO72 |
Peripheral membrane protein required for autophagic vesicle formation; also required for vesicle formation during pexophagy and the cytoplasm-to-vaucole targeting (Cvt) pathway; involved in Atg9p cycling between the phagophore assembly site and mitochondria; contains an APT1 domain that binds phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate; essential for cell cycle progression from G2/M to G1 under nitrogen starvation; forms cytoplasmic foci upon DNA replication stress |
| YNR007C |
ATG3 |
APG3 | AUT1 |
E2-like enzyme; involved in autophagy and cytoplasm-to-vacuole targeting (Cvt) pathway; plays a role in formation of Atg8p-phosphatidylethanolamine conjugates, which are involved in membrane dynamics during autophagy and Cvt; interaction with Atg8p regulated by acetylation by NuA4 histone acetyltransferase Esa1p while attenuation of Atg3 acetylation is mediated by histone deacetylase Rpd3p; Atg12p-Atg5p conjugate enhances E2 activity of Atg3p by rearranging its catalytic site |
| YNL223W |
ATG4 |
APG4 | AUT2 | cysteine protease ATG4 |
Conserved cysteine protease required for autophagy; cleaves Atg8p to a form required for autophagosome and Cvt vesicle generation |
| YPL120W |
VPS30 |
APG6 | ATG6 | beclin 1 | VPT30 |
Subunit of phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns) 3-kinase complexes I and II; Complex I is essential in autophagy, Complex II is required for vacuolar protein sorting; required for overflow degradation of misfolded proteins when ERAD is saturated; C-terminus has novel globular fold essential for autophagy through the targeting of the PI3-kinase complex I to the pre-autophagosomal structure; ortholog of higher eukaryote gene Beclin 1; human BECN1 can complement yeast null mutant |
| YDR305C |
HNT2 |
APH1 | bis(5'-adenosyl)-triphosphatase |
Dinucleoside triphosphate hydrolase; has similarity to the tumor suppressor FHIT and belongs to the histidine triad (HIT) superfamily of nucleotide-binding proteins |
| YKL103C |
APE1 |
API | LAP4 | metalloaminopeptidase APE1 | YSC1 |
Vacuolar aminopeptidase yscI; zinc metalloproteinase that belongs to the peptidase family M18; often used as a marker protein in studies of autophagy and cytosol to vacuole targeting (CVT) pathway; protein increases in abundance and relative distribution to cytoplasmic foci increases upon DNA replication stress |
| YDR372C |
VPS74 |
API1 | MNN3 |
Golgi phosphatidylinositol-4-kinase effector and PtdIns4P sensor; interacts with the cytosolic domains of cis and medial glycosyltransferases, and in the PtdIns4P-bound state mediates the targeting of these enzymes to the Golgi; interacts with the catalytic domain of Sac1p, the major cellular PtdIns4P phosphatase, to direct dephosphosphorylation of the Golgi pool of PtdIns4P; tetramerization required for function; ortholog of human GOLPH3/GPP34/GMx33 |
| YKR020W |
VPS51 |
API3 | VPS67 | WHI6 |
Component of the GARP (Golgi-associated retrograde protein) complex; GARP is required for the recycling of proteins from endosomes to the late Golgi, and for mitosis after DNA damage induced checkpoint arrest; links the (VFT/GARP) complex to the SNARE Tlg1p; members of the GARP complex are Vps51p-Vps52p-Vps53p-Vps54p |
| YNL051W |
COG5 |
API4 | COD4 | Golgi transport complex subunit COG5 |
Component of the conserved oligomeric Golgi complex; a cytosolic tethering complex (Cog1p through Cog8p) that functions in protein trafficking to mediate fusion of transport vesicles to Golgi compartments |
| YMR192W |
GYL1 |
APP2 |
Putative GTPase activating protein (GAP) with a role in exocytosis; stimulates Gyp5p GAP activity on Ypt1p, colocalizes with Gyp5p at sites of polarized growth; interacts with Gyp5p, Rvs161p, and Rvs167p; involved in recruiting Rvs167p to the bud tip during polarized growth; increases in abundance and relocalizes from bud neck to cytoplasm upon DNA replication stress; GYL1 has a paralog, GYP5, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YJL153C |
INO1 |
APR1 | inositol-3-phosphate synthase INO1 |
Inositol-3-phosphate synthase; involved in synthesis of inositol phosphates and inositol-containing phospholipids; transcription is coregulated with other phospholipid biosynthetic genes by Ino2p and Ino4p, which bind the UASINO DNA element |
| YLR118C |
TML25 |
APT1 | palmitoyl-(protein) hydrolase |
Acyl-protein thioesterase responsible for depalmitoylation of Gpa1p; green fluorescent protein (GFP)-fusion protein localizes to both the cytoplasm and nucleus and is induced in response to the DNA-damaging agent MMS |
| YBR286W |
APE3 |
APY1 |
Vacuolar aminopeptidase Y; processed to mature form by Prb1p |
| YER005W |
YND1 |
APY1 | apyrase | YEJ5 |
Apyrase with wide substrate specificity; helps prevent inhibition of glycosylation by hydrolyzing nucleoside tri- and diphosphates that inhibit glycotransferases; partially redundant with Gda1p; mediates adenovirus E4orf4-induced toxicity |
| YBR043C |
QDR3 |
AQR2 |
Multidrug transporter of the major facilitator superfamily; member of the 12-spanner drug:H(+) antiporter DHA1 family; has a role in polyamine homeostasis; involved in spore wall asembly; sequence similarity to DTR1 and QDR1, and the triple mutant dtr1 qdr1 qdr3 exhibits reduced dityrosine fluorescence relative to the single mutants; expression is upregulated under polyamine stress; required for resistance to quinidine, barban, cisplatin, and bleomycin |
| YOR253W |
NAT5 |
ARD2 | NAA50 | peptide alpha-N-acetyltransferase subunit NAT5 | ROG2 |
Subunit of protein N-terminal acetyltransferase NatA; NatA is comprised of Nat1p, Ard1p, and Nat5p; N-terminally acetylates many proteins, which influences multiple processes such as the cell cycle, heat-shock resistance, mating, sporulation, and telomeric silencing |
| YDL192W |
ARF1 |
Arf family GTPase ARF1 |
ADP-ribosylation factor; GTPase of the Ras superfamily involved in regulation of coated vesicle formation in intracellular trafficking within the Golgi; ARF1 has a paralog, ARF2, that arose from the whole genome duplication; arf1 arf2 double null mutation is complemented by human ARF1, ARF4, ARF5, or ARF6 |
| YDL137W |
ARF2 |
Arf family GTPase ARF2 |
ADP-ribosylation factor; GTPase of the Ras superfamily involved in regulation of coated formation vesicles in intracellular trafficking within the Golgi; ARF2 has a paralog, ARF1, that arose from the whole genome duplication; arf1 arf2 double null mutation is complemented by human ARF1, ARF4, ARF5, or ARF6 |
| YOR094W |
ARF3 |
Arf family GTPase ARF3 | ARL2 |
Glucose-repressible ADP-ribosylation factor; GTPase of Ras superfamily involved in regulating cell polarity and invasive growth; localizes to dynamic spots at plasma membrane and modulates PtdIns(4,5)P2 levels to facilitate endocytosis; required for localization of endocytic protein Lsb5p to correct cortical site in cells; also has mRNA binding activity; homolog of mammalian Arf6 |
| YBR164C |
ARL1 |
Arf family GTPase ARL1 | DLP2 |
Soluble GTPase with a role in regulation of membrane traffic; regulates potassium influx; role in membrane organization at trans-Golgi network; required for delivery of Atg9p to the phagophore assembly site during autophagy under high temperature stress; required with Ypt6p for starvation-induced autophagy; required for the CVT pathway under non-starvation conditions; G protein of the Ras superfamily, similar to ADP-ribosylation factor |
| YPL051W |
ARL3 |
Arf family GTPase ARL3 |
ARF-like small GTPase of the RAS superfamily; required for recruitment of Arl1p, a GTPase that regulates membrane traffic, to the Golgi apparatus; NatC-catalyzed N-terminal acetylation regulates Golgi membrane association mediated by interaction with membrane receptor, Sys1p; similar to ADP-ribosylation factor and orthologous to mammalian ARFRP1 |
| YMR138W |
CIN4 |
Arf family GTPase CIN4 | GTP1 | UGX1 |
GTP-binding protein involved in beta-tubulin (Tub2p) folding; isolated as mutant with increased chromosome loss and sensitivity to benomyl; regulated by the GTPase-activating protein, Cin2p, the human retinitis pigmentosa 2 (RP2) homolog |
| YJR031C |
GEA1 |
Arf family guanine nucleotide exchange factor GEA1 |
Guanine nucleotide exchange factor for ADP ribosylation factors (ARFs); involved in vesicular transport between the Golgi and ER, Golgi organization, and actin cytoskeleton organization; GEA1 has a paralog, GEA2, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YEL022W |
GEA2 |
Arf family guanine nucleotide exchange factor GEA2 |
Guanine nucleotide exchange factor for ADP ribosylation factors (ARFs); involved in vesicular transport between the Golgi and ER, Golgi organization, and actin cytoskeleton organization; GEA2 has a paralog, GEA1, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YER019C-A |
SBH2 |
Arf family guanine nucleotide exchange factor SBH2 | SEB2 |
Ssh1p-Sss1p-Sbh2p complex component; involved in protein translocation into the endoplasmic reticulum; SBH2 has a paralog, SBH1, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YDR170C |
SEC7 |
Arf family guanine nucleotide exchange factor SEC7 |
Guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for ADP ribosylation factors; involved in proliferation of the Golgi, intra-Golgi transport and ER-to-Golgi transport; found in the cytoplasm and on Golgi-associated coated vesicles |
| YBL060W |
YEL1 |
Arf family guanine nucleotide exchange factor YEL1 |
Guanine nucleotide exchange factor specific for Arf3p; localized to the bud neck and tip; required for localization of Arf3p to the bud neck and tip |
| YOL058W |
ARG1 |
ARG10 | argininosuccinate synthase |
Arginosuccinate synthetase; catalyzes the formation of L-argininosuccinate from citrulline and L-aspartate in the arginine biosynthesis pathway; potential Cdc28p substrate |
| YOR130C |
ORT1 |
ARG11 |
Ornithine transporter of the mitochondrial inner membrane; exports ornithine from mitochondria as part of arginine biosynthesis; functionally complemented by human ortholog, SLC25A15, which is associated with hyperammonaemia-hyperornithinaemia-homocitrullinuria (HHH) syndrome, but HHH-associated variants fail to complement |
| YER069W |
ARG5,6 |
argB | argC | bifunctional acetylglutamate kinase/N-acetyl-gamma-glutamyl-phosphate reductase |
Acetylglutamate kinase and N-acetyl-gamma-glutamyl-phosphate reductase; N-acetyl-L-glutamate kinase (NAGK) catalyzes the 2nd and N-acetyl-gamma-glutamyl-phosphate reductase (NAGSA), the 3rd step in arginine biosynthesis; synthesized as a precursor which is processed in the mitochondrion to yield mature NAGK and NAGSA; enzymes form a metabolon complex with Arg2p; NAGK C-terminal domain stabilizes the enzymes, slows catalysis and is involved in feed-back inhibition by arginine |
| YJL088W |
ARG3 |
argF | ornithine carbamoyltransferase |
Ornithine carbamoyltransferase; also known as carbamoylphosphate:L-ornithine carbamoyltransferase; catalyzes the biosynthesis of the arginine precursor citrulline |
| YPL111W |
CAR1 |
arginase | cargA | LPH15 |
Arginase, catabolizes arginine to ornithine and urea; expression responds to both induction by arginine and nitrogen catabolite repression; disruption decreases production of carcinogen ethyl carbamate during wine fermentation and also enhances freeze tolerance |
| YEL063C |
CAN1 |
arginine permease CAN1 |
Plasma membrane arginine permease; requires phosphatidyl ethanolamine (PE) for localization, exclusively associated with lipid rafts; mutation confers canavanine resistance; CAN1 has a paralog, ALP1, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YHR018C |
ARG4 |
argininosuccinate lyase ARG4 |
Argininosuccinate lyase; catalyzes the final step in the arginine biosynthesis pathway |
| YGL017W |
ATE1 |
arginyltransferase |
Arginyl-tRNA-protein transferase; catalyzes post-translational conjugation of arginine to the amino termini of acceptor proteins which are then subject to degradation via the N-end rule pathway |
| YMR042W |
ARG80 |
ARGR1 | ARGRI |
Transcription factor involved in regulating arginine-responsive genes; acts with Arg81p and Arg82p |
| YML099C |
ARG81 |
ARGR2 | ARGRII |
Zinc finger transcription factor involved in arginine-responsive genes; Zn(2)-Cys(6) binuclear cluster domain type; involved in the regulation of arginine-responsive genes; acts with Arg80p and Arg82p |
| YDR173C |
ARG82 |
ARGR3 | ARGRIII | inositol polyphosphate multikinase | IPK2 |
Inositol polyphosphate multikinase (IPMK); sequentially phosphorylates Ins(1,4,5)P3 to form Ins(1,3,4,5,6)P5; also has diphosphoinositol polyphosphate synthase activity; regulates arginine-, phosphate-, and nitrogen-responsive genes |
| YCL029C |
BIK1 |
ARM5 | PAC14 |
Microtubule-associated protein; component of the interface between microtubules and kinetochore, involved in sister chromatid separation; essential in polyploid cells but not in haploid or diploid cells; ortholog of mammalian CLIP-170 |
| YEL065W |
SIT1 |
ARN3 | siderophore transporter |
Ferrioxamine B transporter; member of the ARN family of transporters that specifically recognize siderophore-iron chelates; transcription is induced during iron deprivation and diauxic shift; potentially phosphorylated by Cdc28p |
| YHR137W |
ARO9 |
aromatic-amino-acid:2-oxoglutarate transaminase |
Aromatic aminotransferase II; catalyzes the first step of tryptophan, phenylalanine, and tyrosine catabolism |
| YOL020W |
TAT2 |
aromatic amino acid transmembrane transporter TAT2 | LTG3 | SAB2 | SCM2 | TAP2 |
High affinity tryptophan and tyrosine permease; overexpression confers FK506 and FTY720 resistance |
| YBR211C |
AME1 |
ARP100 |
Essential kinetochore protein associated with microtubules and SPBs; component of the kinetochore sub-complex COMA (Ctf19p, Okp1p, Mcm21p, Ame1p); involved in spindle checkpoint maintenance; orthologous to human centromere constitutive-associated network (CCAN) subunit CENP-U and fission yeast Mis17; relative distribution to the nucleus increases upon DNA replication stress |
| YDL100C |
GET3 |
ARR4 | guanine nucleotide exchange factor GET3 |
Guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Gpa1p; amplifies G protein signaling; functions as a chaperone under ATP-depleted oxidative stress conditions; subunit of GET complex, involved in ATP dependent Golgi to ER trafficking and insertion of tail-anchored (TA) proteins into ER membrane under non-stress conditions; binds as dimer to transmembrane domain (TMD) cargo, shielding TMDs from aqueous solvent; protein abundance increases under DNA replication stress |
| YOR322C |
LDB19 |
ART1 |
Alpha-arrestin involved in ubiquitin-dependent endocytosis; regulates endocytosis of plasma membrane proteins by recruiting the ubiquitin ligase Rsp5p to its targets; involved in the basal internalization and turnover of alpha-factor receptor Ste2p; recruits ubiquitin ligase Rsp5p to Ste2p via its 2 PPXY motifs; inhibited by Npr1p-mediated phosphorylation, which affects translocation between the cytosol and the plasma membrane |
| YER111C |
SWI4 |
ART1 | SBF complex DNA-binding subunit SWI4 |
DNA binding component of the SBF complex (Swi4p-Swi6p); a transcriptional activator that in concert with MBF (Mbp1-Swi6p) regulates late G1-specific transcription of targets including cyclins and genes required for DNA synthesis and repair; Slt2p-independent regulator of cold growth; acetylation at two sites, K1016 and K1066, regulates interaction with Swi6p |
| YBL101C |
ECM21 |
ART2 |
Protein involved in regulating endocytosis of plasma membrane proteins; identified as a substrate for ubiquitination by Rsp5p and deubiquitination by Ubp2p; promoter contains several Gcn4p binding elements; ECM21 has a paralog, CSR2, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YJL084C |
ALY2 |
ART3 |
Alpha arrestin; controls nutrient-mediated intracellular sorting of permease Gap1p; interacts with AP-1 subunit Apl4p; phosphorylated by Npr1p and also by cyclin-CDK complex Pcl7p-Pho85p; promotes endocytosis of plasma membrane proteins; ALY2 has a paralog, ALY1, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YOR018W |
ROD1 |
ART4 |
Alpha-arrestin involved in ubiquitin-dependent endocytosis; activating dephosphorylation relays glucose signaling to transporter endocytosis; calcineurin dephosphorylation is required for Rsp5p-dependent internalization of agonist-occupied Ste2p, as part of signal desensitization; recruits Rsp5p to Ste2p via its 2 PPXY motifs; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress; ROD1 has a paralog, ROG3, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YKR021W |
ALY1 |
ART6 |
Alpha arrestin, substrate of calcineurin; controls nutrient-mediated intracellular sorting of permease Gap1p; interacts with AP-1 subunit Apl4p; dephosphorylation of Aly1p required for the endocytosis of Dip5p; may regulate endocytosis of plasma membrane proteins by recruiting ubiquitin ligase Rsp5p to plasma membrane targets; ALY1 has a paralog, ALY2, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YGL045W |
RIM8 |
ART9 | PAL3 | YGL046W |
Protein involved in proteolytic activation of Rim101p; part of response to alkaline pH; interacts with ESCRT-1 subunits Stp22p and Vps28p; essential for anaerobic growth; member of the arrestin-related trafficking adaptor family |
| YDR227W |
SIR4 |
ASD1 | chromatin-silencing protein SIR4 | STE9 | UTH2 |
SIR protein involved in assembly of silent chromatin domains; silent information regulator (SIR) along with SIR2 and SIR3; involved in assembly of silent chromatin domains at telomeres and the silent mating-type loci; some alleles of SIR4 prolong lifespan; required for telomere hypercluster formation in quiescent yeast cells |
| YPL084W |
BRO1 |
ASI6 | LPF2 | NPI3 | VPS31 |
Cytoplasmic class E vacuolar protein sorting (VPS) factor; coordinates deubiquitination in the multivesicular body (MVB) pathway by recruiting Doa4p to endosomes |
| YPR145W |
ASN1 |
asparagine synthase (glutamine-hydrolyzing) 1 |
Asparagine synthetase; catalyzes the synthesis of L-asparagine from L-aspartate in the asparagine biosynthetic pathway; ASN1 has a paralog, ASN2, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YGR124W |
ASN2 |
asparagine synthase (glutamine-hydrolyzing) 2 |
Asparagine synthetase; catalyzes the synthesis of L-asparagine from L-aspartate in the asparagine biosynthetic pathway; ASN2 has a paralog, ASN1, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YCR024C |
SLM5 |
asparagine--tRNA ligase SLM5 |
Mitochondrial asparaginyl-tRNA synthetase |
| YER052C |
HOM3 |
aspartate kinase | BOR1 | SIL4 | THR3 |
Aspartate kinase (L-aspartate 4-P-transferase); cytoplasmic enzyme that catalyzes the first step in the common pathway for methionine and threonine biosynthesis; expression regulated by Gcn4p and the general control of amino acid synthesis |
| YDR158W |
HOM2 |
aspartate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase | THR2 |
Aspartic beta semi-aldehyde dehydrogenase; catalyzes the second step in the common pathway for methionine and threonine biosynthesis; expression regulated by Gcn4p and the general control of amino acid synthesis |
| YKL106W |
AAT1 |
aspartate transaminase AAT1 |
Mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase; catalyzes the conversion of oxaloacetate to aspartate in aspartate and asparagine biosynthesis |
| YLL018C |
DPS1 |
aspartate--tRNA ligase DPS1 | AspRS |
Aspartyl-tRNA synthetase, primarily cytoplasmic; homodimeric enzyme that catalyzes the specific aspartylation of tRNA(Asp); class II aminoacyl tRNA synthetase; binding to its own mRNA may confer autoregulation; shares five highly conserved amino acids with human that when mutated cause leukoencephalopathy characterized by hypomyelination with brain stem and spinal cord involvement and leg spasticity (HBSL) |
| YPL104W |
MSD1 |
aspartate--tRNA ligase MSD1 | LPG5 |
Mitochondrial aspartyl-tRNA synthetase; required for acylation of aspartyl-tRNA; yeast and bacterial aspartyl-, asparaginyl-, and lysyl-tRNA synthetases contain regions with high sequence similarity, suggesting a common ancestral gene |
| YHR113W |
APE4 |
aspartyl aminopeptidase |
Cytoplasmic aspartyl aminopeptidase with possible vacuole function; Cvt pathway cargo protein; cleaves unblocked N-terminal acidic amino acids from peptide substrates; forms a 12-subunit homo-oligomer; M18 metalloprotease family |
| YLR120C |
YPS1 |
aspartyl protease | YAP3 |
Aspartic protease; hyperglycosylated member of the yapsin family of proteases, attached to the plasma membrane via a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor; involved in nutrient limitation-induced cleavage of the extracellular inhibitory domain of signaling mucin Msb2p, resulting in activation of the filamentous growth MAPK pathway; involved with other yapsins in the cell wall integrity response; role in KEX2-independent processing of the alpha factor precursor |
| YDR144C |
MKC7 |
aspartyl protease | YPS2 |
GPI-anchored aspartyl protease; member of the yapsin family of proteases involved in cell wall growth and maintenance; shares functions with Yap3p and Kex2p; MKC7 has a paralog, YPS1, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YLR121C |
YPS3 |
aspartyl protease | YPS4 |
Aspartic protease; member of the yapsin family of proteases involved in cell wall growth and maintenance; attached to the plasma membrane via a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor |
| YIL015W |
BAR1 |
aspartyl protease BAR1 | SST1 |
Aspartyl protease; secreted into the periplasmic space of mating type a cell; helps cells find mating partners; cleaves and inactivates alpha factor allowing cells to recover from alpha-factor-induced cell cycle arrest |
| YML001W |
YPT7 |
AST4 | Rab family GTPase YPT7 | VAM4 |
Rab family GTPase; GTP-binding protein of the rab family; required for homotypic fusion event in vacuole inheritance, for endosome-endosome fusion; localizes to sites of contact between the vacuole and mitochondria (vCLAMPs); interacts with the cargo selection/retromer complex for retrograde sorting; similar to mammalian Rab7 |
| YJL036W |
SNX4 |
ATG24 | CVT13 |
Sorting nexin; involved in retrieval of late-Golgi SNAREs from post-Golgi endosomes to the trans-Golgi network and in cytoplasm to vacuole transport; contains a PX phosphoinositide-binding domain; forms complexes with Snx41p and with Atg20p |
| YMR282C |
AEP2 |
ATP13 |
Mitochondrial protein; likely involved in translation of the mitochondrial OLI1 mRNA; exhibits genetic interaction with the OLI1 mRNA 5'-untranslated leader |
| YDR322C-A |
TIM11 |
ATP21 | F1F0 ATP synthase subunit e |
Subunit e of mitochondrial F1F0-ATPase; ATPase is a large, evolutionarily conserved enzyme complex required for ATP synthesis; essential for the dimeric and oligomeric state of ATP synthase, which in turn determines the shape of inner membrane cristae |
| YDL181W |
INH1 |
ATPase inhibitor |
Protein that inhibits ATP hydrolysis by the F1F0-ATP synthase; inhibitory function is enhanced by stabilizing proteins Stf1p and Stf2p; has a calmodulin-binding motif and binds calmodulin in vitro; INH1 has a paralog, STF1, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YGR008C |
STF2 |
ATPase-stabilizing factor family protein |
Protein involved in resistance to desiccation stress; Stf2p exhibits antioxidant properties, and its overexpression prevents ROS accumulation and apoptosis; binds to F0 sector of mitochondrial F1F0 ATPase in vitro and may modulate the inhibitory action of Inh1p and Stf1p; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress; STF2 has a paralog, TMA10, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YKL209C |
STE6 |
ATP-binding cassette a-factor transporter STE6 |
Plasma membrane ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter; required for the export of a-factor, catalyzes ATP hydrolysis coupled to a-factor transport; contains 12 transmembrane domains and two ATP binding domains; expressed only in MATa cells; human homolog ABCB1 mediates multidrug resistance in many chemotherapy-resistant tumors by effluxing toxic compounds from the cell |
| YLL015W |
BPT1 |
ATP-binding cassette bilirubin transporter BPT1 |
ABC type transmembrane transporter of MRP/CFTR family; found in vacuolar membrane, involved in the transport of unconjugated bilirubin and in heavy metal detoxification via glutathione conjugates, along with Ycf1p |
| YER036C |
ARB1 |
ATP-binding cassette family ATPase ARB1 |
ATPase of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) family; involved in 40S and 60S ribosome biogenesis, has similarity to Gcn20p; shuttles from nucleus to cytoplasm, physically interacts with Tif6p, Lsg1p; human homolog ABCF2 can complement yeast ARB1 mutant |
| YMR301C |
ATM1 |
ATP-binding cassette Fe/S cluster precursor transporter ATM1 |
Mitochondrial inner membrane ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter; exports mitochondrially synthesized precursors of iron-sulfur (Fe/S) clusters to the cytosol; human homolog ABCB7 can complement yeast null mutant |
| YDR135C |
YCF1 |
ATP-binding cassette glutathione S-conjugate transporter YCF1 |
Vacuolar glutathione S-conjugate transporter; ABC-C transporter of the ATP-binding cassette family; required for vacuole fusion; forms stable complexes with vacuole fusion machinery; regulates Vam7p recruitment to vacuoles; role in detoxifying metals (Cd, Hg, As); transports GSSG that is not immediately reduced in cytosol to vacuole; transports unconjugated bilirubin, selenodigluthatione, oxidized glutathione; similar to human cystic fibrosis protein CFTR |
| YPL058C |
PDR12 |
ATP-binding cassette multidrug transporter PDR12 |
Plasma membrane ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter; weak-acid-inducible multidrug transporter required for weak organic acid resistance; induced by sorbate and benzoate and regulated by War1p; mutants exhibit sorbate hypersensitivity |
| YOR153W |
PDR5 |
ATP-binding cassette multidrug transporter PDR5 | LEM1 | STS1 | YDR1 |
Plasma membrane ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter; multidrug transporter actively regulated by Pdr1p; also involved in steroid transport, cation resistance, and cellular detoxification during exponential growth; PDR5 has a paralog, PDR15, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YLR188W |
MDL1 |
ATP-binding cassette permease MDL1 |
Mitochondrial inner membrane half-type ABC transporter; mediates export of peptides generated upon proteolysis of mitochondrial proteins; plays a role in the regulation of cellular resistance to oxidative stress |
| YPL270W |
MDL2 |
ATP-binding cassette permease MDL2 |
Mitochondrial inner membrane half-type ABC transporter; required for respiratory growth at high temperature; localizes to vacuole membrane in response to H2O2; similar to human TAP1 and TAP2 implicated in bare lymphocyte syndrome and Wegener-like granulomatosis |
| YDR011W |
SNQ2 |
ATP-binding cassette transporter SNQ2 |
Plasma membrane ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter; multidrug transporter involved in multidrug resistance and resistance to singlet oxygen species |
| YGR281W |
YOR1 |
ATP-binding cassette transporter YOR1 | YRS1 |
Plasma membrane ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter; multidrug transporter mediates export of many different organic anions including oligomycin; homolog of human cystic fibrosis transmembrane receptor (CFTR) |
| YNL082W |
PMS1 |
ATP-binding mismatch repair protein |
ATP-binding protein required for mismatch repair; required for both mitosis and meiosis; functions as a heterodimer with Mlh1p; binds double- and single-stranded DNA via its N-terminal domain, similar to E. coli MutL |
| YDR291W |
HRQ1 |
ATP-dependent 3'-5' DNA helicase |
3'-5' DNA helicase that has DNA strand annealing activity; helicase activity is stimulated by fork structure and 3'-tail length of substrates; acts with Rad4p in nucleotide-excision repair; belongs to the widely conserved RecQ family of proteins which are involved in maintaining genomic integrity; similar to the human RecQ4p implicated in Rothmund-Thomson syndrome (RTS) |
| YKL017C |
HCS1 |
ATP-dependent 5'-3' DNA helicase HCS1 | DIP1 |
Hexameric DNA polymerase alpha-associated DNA helicase A; involved in lagging strand DNA synthesis; contains single-stranded DNA stimulated ATPase and dATPase activities; replication protein A stimulates helicase and ATPase activities |
| YMR190C |
SGS1 |
ATP-dependent DNA helicase SGS1 |
RecQ family nucleolar DNA helicase; role in genome integrity maintenance, chromosome synapsis, meiotic joint molecule/crossover formation; stimulates activity of Top3p; rapidly lost in response to rapamycin in Rrd1p-dependent manner; forms nuclear foci upon DNA replication stress; yeast SGS1 complements mutations in human homolog BLM implicated in Bloom syndrome; also similar to human WRN implicated in Werner syndrome; human BLM and WRN can each complement yeast null mutant |
| YMR284W |
YKU70 |
ATP-dependent DNA helicase YKU70 | HDF1 | KU70 | NES24 |
Subunit of the telomeric Ku complex (Yku70p-Yku80p); involved in telomere length maintenance, structure and telomere position effect; required for localization of telomerase ribonucleoprotein to nucleus via interaction with the TLC1 guide RNA; relocates to sites of double-strand cleavage to promote nonhomologous end joining during DSB repair |
| YMR106C |
YKU80 |
ATP-dependent DNA helicase YKU80 | HDF2 |
Subunit of telomeric Ku complex (Yku70p-Yku80p); involved in telomere length maintenance, structure and telomere position effect; required for localization of telomerase ribonucleoprotein via interaction with TLC1 guide RNA; relocates to sites of double-strand cleavage to promote nonhomologous end joining during DSB repair; colocalizes with quiescent cell telomere hyperclusters |
| YBL022C |
PIM1 |
ATP-dependent Lon protease PIM1 | LON1 |
ATP-dependent Lon protease; involved in degradation of misfolded proteins in mitochondria; required for biogenesis and maintenance of mitochondria |
| YGL064C |
MRH4 |
ATP-dependent RNA helicase |
Mitochondrial ATP-dependent RNA helicase of the DEAD-box family; required for assembly of the large subunit of mitochondrial ribosomes; binds to the large subunit rRNA, 21S_rRNA; localizes to the matrix face of the mitochondrial inner membrane and associates with the large subunit precursor and with mature ribosomes |
| YDR194C |
MSS116 |
ATP-dependent RNA helicase |
Mitochondrial transcription elongation factor; DEAD-box protein; required for efficient splicing of mitochondrial Group I and II introns; non-polar RNA helicase that also facilities strand annealing; promotes RNA folding by stabilizing an early assembly intermediate |
| YER172C |
BRR2 |
ATP-dependent RNA helicase BRR2 | PRP44 | RSS1 | SLT22 | SNU246 |
RNA-dependent ATPase RNA helicase (DEIH box); required for disruption of U4/U6 base-pairing in native snRNPs to activate the spliceosome for catalysis; homologous to human U5-200kD |
| YOR046C |
DBP5 |
ATP-dependent RNA helicase DBP5 | RAT8 |
Cytoplasmic ATP-dependent RNA helicase of the DEAD-box family; involved in mRNA export from the nucleus, remodeling messenger ribonucleoprotein particles (mRNPs), with ATPase activity stimulated by Gle1p, IP6 and Nup159p; involved in translation termination along with Sup45p (eRF1); role in the cellular response to heat stress |
| YHR169W |
DBP8 |
ATP-dependent RNA helicase DBP8 |
ATPase, putative RNA helicase of the DEAD-box family; component of 90S preribosome complex involved in production of 18S rRNA and assembly of 40S small ribosomal subunit; ATPase activity stimulated by association with Esf2p |
| YMR128W |
ECM16 |
ATP-dependent RNA helicase ECM16 | DHR1 |
Essential DEAH-box ATP-dependent RNA helicase specific to U3 snoRNP; predominantly nucleolar in distribution; required for 18S rRNA synthesis |
| YDR021W |
FAL1 |
ATP-dependent RNA helicase FAL1 |
Nucleolar protein required for maturation of 18S rRNA; member of the eIF4A subfamily of DEAD-box ATP-dependent RNA helicases; 18S rRNA biogenesis defect of the null mutant is functionally complemented by human EIF4A3 |
| YJL050W |
MTR4 |
ATP-dependent RNA helicase MTR4 | DOB1 |
ATP-dependent 3'-5' RNA helicase of the DExD/H family; involved in nuclear RNA processing and degradation both as a component of TRAMP complex and in TRAMP-independent processes; TRAMP unwinds RNA duplexes, with Mtr4p unwinding activity stimulated by Pap2p/Air2p but not dependent on ongoing polyadenylation; contains an arch domain, with two coiled-coil arms/stalks and a globular fist/KOW domain, which has RNA binding activity and is required for 5.8S rRNA processing |
| YMR080C |
NAM7 |
ATP-dependent RNA helicase NAM7 | IFS2 | MOF4 | SUP113 | SUT2 | UPF1 |
ATP-dependent RNA helicase of the SFI superfamily; involved in nonsense mediated mRNA decay; required for efficient translation termination at nonsense codons and targeting of NMD substrates to P-bodies; binds to the small ribosomal subunit via an interaction with Rps26; forms cytoplasmic foci upon DNA replication stress |
| YDL084W |
SUB2 |
ATP-dependent RNA helicase SUB2 |
Component of the TREX complex required for nuclear mRNA export; member of the DEAD-box RNA helicase superfamily and is involved in early and late steps of spliceosome assembly; homolog of the human splicing factor hUAP56; relocalizes from nucleus to cytoplasm upon DNA replication stress |
| YPL029W |
SUV3 |
ATP-dependent RNA helicase SUV3 | LPB2 |
ATP-dependent RNA helicase; component of the mitochondrial degradosome along with the RNase Dss1p; the degradosome associates with the ribosome and mediates RNA turnover; also required during splicing of the COX1 AI5_beta intron; expression of a processed form of human homolog SUPV3L1 carrying an N-terminal deletion of 46 amino acids rescues yeast suv3 null mutant |
| YPL271W |
ATP15 |
ATPEPSILON | F1F0 ATP synthase subunit epsilon |
Epsilon subunit of the F1 sector of mitochondrial F1F0 ATP synthase; which is a large, evolutionarily conserved enzyme complex required for ATP synthesis; F1 translationally regulates ATP6 and ATP8 expression to achieve a balanced output of ATP synthase genes encoded in nucleus and mitochondria; phosphorylated |
| YBR127C |
VMA2 |
ATPSV | H(+)-transporting V1 sector ATPase subunit B | VAT2 |
Subunit B of V1 peripheral membrane domain of vacuolar H+-ATPase; electrogenic proton pump found throughout the endomembrane system; contains nucleotide binding sites; also detected in the cytoplasm; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress; human homolog ATP6V1B1, implicated in autosomal-recessive distal renal tubular acidosis (RTA) with sensorineural deafness, complements yeast null mutant |
| YJL180C |
ATP12 |
ATP synthase complex assembly protein ATP12 |
Assembly factor for F1 sector of mitochondrial F1F0 ATP synthase; conserved protein; required for assembly of alpha and beta subunits into F1 sector of mitochondrial F1F0 ATP synthase; human homolog ATPAF2 can complement yeast atp12 mutant; mutation of human homolog reduces active ATP synthase levels and is associated with the disorder ATPAF2 deficiency |
| YCR079W |
PTC6 |
AUP1 | PPP2 | type 2C protein phosphatase PTC6 |
Mitochondrial type 2C protein phosphatase (PP2C); has similarity to mammalian PP1Ks; involved in mitophagy; null mutant is sensitive to rapamycin and has decreased phosphorylation of the Pda1 subunit of pyruvate dehydrogenase |
| YPL209C |
IPL1 |
aurora kinase | PAC15 |
Aurora kinase of chromosomal passenger complex; mediates release of mono-oriented kinetochores from microtubules in meiosis I, and kinetochore release from SPB clusters at meiotic exit; helps maintain condensed chromosomes during anaphase; required for SPB cohesion and prevention of multipolar spindle formation; promotes telomerase release at G2/M; Iocalizes to nuclear foci that diffuse upon DNA replication stress; required for inhibition of karyopherin Pse1p upon SAC arrest |
| YFR021W |
ATG18 |
AUT10 | CVT18 | NMR1 | phosphoinositide binding protein ATG18 | SVP1 |
Phosphoinositide binding protein; required for vesicle formation in autophagy and the cytoplasm-to-vacuole targeting (CVT) pathway; binds PtdIns(3,5)P2, PI3P and PI4P; WD-40 repeat containing protein and PROPPIN family member; relocalizes from the vacuole to cytoplasm upon DNA replication stress; mammalian homologs include: WIPI1, WIPI2, WIPI3 and WIPI4/WDR45; mutations in human WDR45 cause static encephalopathy of childhood with neurodegeneration in adulthood (SENDA) |
| YGL124C |
MON1 |
AUT12 |
Subunit of a heterodimeric guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF); subunit of the Mon1-Ccz1 GEF complex which stimulates nucleotide exchange and activation of Ypt7p, a Rab family GTPase involved in membrane tethering and fusion events at the late endosome and vacuole; GEF activity is stimulated by membrane association and anionic phospholipids; role in localizing Ypt7p to the vacuolar membrane; required for autophagy, the CVT pathway and mitophagy; potential Cdc28 substrate |
| YPR049C |
ATG11 |
autophagy protein ATG11 | CVT3 | CVT9 |
Adapter protein for pexophagy and the Cvt targeting pathway; directs receptor-bound cargo to the phagophore assembly site (PAS) for packaging into vesicles; required for recruiting other proteins to the PAS; recruits Dnm1p to facilitate fission of mitochondria that are destined for removal by mitophagy |
| YDR320C |
SWA2 |
AUX1 | BUD24 |
Auxilin-like protein involved in vesicular transport; clathrin-binding protein required for uncoating of clathrin-coated vesicles |
| YLR385C |
SWC7 |
AWS1 |
Protein of unknown function; component of the Swr1p complex that incorporates Htz1p into chromatin |
| YDL130W |
RPP1B |
Ax | L44' | P1B | ribosomal protein P1B | RPL44' | RPLA3 | YP1beta |
Ribosomal protein P1 beta; component of the ribosomal stalk, which is involved in interaction of translational elongation factors with ribosome; free (non-ribosomal) P1 stimulates the phosphorylation of the eIF2 alpha subunit (Sui2p) by Gcn2p; accumulation is regulated by phosphorylation and interaction with the P2 stalk component |
| YNL039W |
BDP1 |
B" | TFC5 | TFC7 | TFIIIB90 | transcription factor TFIIIB subunit BDP1 |
Essential subunit of RNA polymerase III transcription factor (TFIIIB); TFIIIB is involved in transcription of genes encoding tRNAs, 5S rRNA, U6 snRNA, and other small RNAs |
| YOL005C |
RPB11 |
B12.5 | DNA-directed RNA polymerase II core subunit RPB11 |
RNA polymerase II subunit B12.5; part of central core; similar to Rpc19p and bacterial alpha subunit |
| YGL070C |
RPB9 |
B12.6 | DNA-directed RNA polymerase II core subunit RPB9 | SHI | SSU73 |
RNA polymerase II subunit B12.6; contacts DNA; mutations affect transcription start site selection and fidelity of transcription |
| YOR151C |
RPB2 |
B150 | DNA-directed RNA polymerase II core subunit RPB2 | RPB150 | RPO22 | SIT2 | SOH2 |
RNA polymerase II second largest subunit B150; part of central core; similar to bacterial beta subunit |
| YDR404C |
RPB7 |
B16 | DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit RPB7 |
RNA polymerase II subunit B16; forms dissociable heterodimer with Rpb4p; Rpb4/7 dissociates from RNAPII as Ser2 CTD phosphorylation increases; Rpb4/7 regulates cellular lifespan via mRNA decay process; involved in recruitment of 3'-end processing factors to transcribing RNA polymerase II complex, export of mRNA to cytoplasm under stress conditions; also involved in translation initiation |
| YDL140C |
RPO21 |
B220 | DNA-directed RNA polymerase II core subunit RPO21 | RPB1 | RPB220 | SUA8 |
RNA polymerase II largest subunit B220; part of central core; phosphorylation of C-terminal heptapeptide repeat domain regulates association with transcription and splicing factors; similar to bacterial beta-prime |
| YJL140W |
RPB4 |
B32 | CTF15 | DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit RPB4 |
RNA polymerase II subunit B32; forms dissociable heterodimer with Rpb7p; Rpb4/7 dissociates from RNAPII as Ser2 CTD phosphorylation increases; Rpb4/7 regulates cellular lifespan via mRNA decay process; involved in recruitment of 3'-end processing factors to transcribing RNAPII complex, export of mRNA to cytoplasm under stress conditions; also involved in translation initiation |
| YIL021W |
RPB3 |
B44 | DNA-directed RNA polymerase II core subunit RPB3 |
RNA polymerase II third largest subunit B44; part of central core; similar to prokaryotic alpha subunit |
| YKL112W |
ABF1 |
BAF1 | DNA-binding protein ABF1 | GFI | OBF1 | REB2 | SBF1 | SBF-B |
DNA binding protein with possible chromatin-reorganizing activity; involved in transcriptional activation, gene silencing, and DNA replication and repair |
| YDR463W |
STP1 |
BAP1 | SSY2 |
Transcription factor; contains a N-terminal regulatory motif (RI) that acts as a cytoplasmic retention determinant and as an Asi dependent degron in the nucleus; undergoes proteolytic processing by SPS (Ssy1p-Ptr3p-Ssy5p)-sensor component Ssy5p in response to extracellular amino acids; activates transcription of amino acid permease genes and may have a role in tRNA processing; STP1 has a paralog, STP2, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YDL106C |
PHO2 |
BAS2 | GRF10 | phoB |
Homeobox transcription factor; regulatory targets include genes involved in phosphate metabolism; binds cooperatively with Pho4p to the PHO5 promoter; phosphorylation of Pho2p facilitates interaction with Pho4p; relocalizes to the cytosol in response to hypoxia |
| YLL048C |
YBT1 |
BAT1 | bile acid-transporting ATPase YBT1 |
Transporter of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) family; involved in bile acid transport; negative regulator of vacuole fusion; regulates release of lumenal Ca2+ stores; similar to mammalian bile transporters; YBT1 has a paralog, VMR1, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YLR116W |
MSL5 |
BBP | mRNA splicing protein MSL5 |
Component of commitment complex; which defines first step in splicing pathway; essential protein that interacts with Mud2p and Prp40p, forming a bridge between the intron ends; also involved in nuclear retention of pre-mRNA; relocalizes to the cytosol in response to hypoxia |
| YPL057C |
SUR1 |
BCL21 | CSG1 | LPE15 | mannosylinositol phosphorylceramide synthase catalytic subunit SUR1 |
Mannosylinositol phosphorylceramide (MIPC) synthase catalytic subunit; forms a complex with regulatory subunit Csg2p; function in sphingolipid biosynthesis is overlapping with that of Csh1p; SUR1 has a paralog, CSH1, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YAL060W |
BDH1 |
BDH | (R,R)-butanediol dehydrogenase |
NAD-dependent (R,R)-butanediol dehydrogenase; catalyzes oxidation of (R,R)-2,3-butanediol to (3R)-acetoin, oxidation of meso-butanediol to (3S)-acetoin, and reduction of acetoin; enhances use of 2,3-butanediol as an aerobic carbon source |
| YER114C |
BOI2 |
BEB1 |
Protein implicated in polar growth, functionally redundant with Boi1p; interacts with bud-emergence protein Bem1p; contains an SH3 (src homology 3) domain and a PH (pleckstrin homology) domain; BOI2 has a paralog, BOI1, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YNL236W |
SIN4 |
BEL2 | GAL22 | MED16 | RYE1 | SDI3 | SSF5 | SSN4 | SSX3 | TSF3 |
Subunit of the RNA polymerase II mediator complex; associates with core polymerase subunits to form the RNA polymerase II holoenzyme; contributes to both postive and negative transcriptional regulation; dispensible for basal transcription |
| YKL164C |
PIR1 |
beta-1,3-glucan linked protein | CCW6 |
O-glycosylated protein required for cell wall stability; attached to the cell wall via beta-1,3-glucan; mediates mitochondrial translocation of Apn1p; expression regulated by the cell integrity pathway and by Swi5p during the cell cycle; PIR1 has a paralog, YJL160C, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YPR159W |
KRE6 |
beta-glucan synthesis-associated protein KRE6 | CWH48 |
Type II integral membrane protein; required for beta-1,6 glucan biosynthesis; putative beta-glucan synthase; localizes to ER, plasma membrane, sites of polarized growth and secretory vesicles; functionally redundant with Skn1p; KRE6 has a paralog, SKN1, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YLR300W |
EXG1 |
BGL1 | glucan 1,3-beta-glucosidase | SCW6 |
Major exo-1,3-beta-glucanase of the cell wall; involved in cell wall beta-glucan assembly; exists as three differentially glycosylated isoenzymes; EXG1 has a paralog, SPR1, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YGL202W |
ARO8 |
bifunctional 2-aminoadipate transaminase/aromatic-amino-acid:2-oxoglutarate transaminase |
Aromatic aminotransferase I; expression is regulated by general control of amino acid biosynthesis |
| YPR184W |
GDB1 |
bifunctional 4-alpha-glucanotransferase/amylo-alpha-1,6-glucosidase |
Glycogen debranching enzyme; contains glucanotranferase and alpha-1,6-amyloglucosidase activities; required for glycogen degradation; phosphorylated in mitochondria; activity is inhibited by Igd1p; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress |
| YDR375C |
BCS1 |
bifunctional AAA family ATPase chaperone/translocase BCS1 |
Protein translocase and chaperone required for Complex III assembly; member of the AAA ATPase family; forms a homo-oligomeric complex in the mitochondrial inner membrane that translocates the C-terminal domain of Rip1p from the matrix across the inner membrane and delivers it to an assembly intermediate of respiratory Complex III; also required for assembly of the Qcr10p subunit; mutation is functionally complemented by human homolog BCS1L, linked to neonatal diseases |
| YGL234W |
ADE5,7 |
bifunctional aminoimidazole ribotide synthase/glycinamide ribotide synthase |
Enzyme of the 'de novo' purine nucleotide biosynthetic pathway; contains aminoimidazole ribotide synthetase and glycinamide ribotide synthetase activities |
| YNL045W |
LAP2 |
bifunctional aminopeptidase/epoxide hydrolase |
Leucyl aminopeptidase yscIV with epoxide hydrolase activity; metalloenzyme containing one zinc atom; green fluorescent protein (GFP)-fusion protein localizes to the cytoplasm and nucleus; also known as leukotriene A4 hydrolase |
| YKL211C |
TRP3 |
bifunctional anthranilate synthase/indole-3-glycerol-phosphate synthase |
Indole-3-glycerol-phosphate synthase; forms bifunctional hetero-oligomeric anthranilate synthase:indole-3-glycerol phosphate synthase enzyme complex with Trp2p |
| YDR530C |
APA2 |
bifunctional AP-4-A phosphorylase/ADP sulfurylase |
Diadenosine 5',5'''-P1,P4-tetraphosphate phosphorylase II; AP4A phosphorylase involved in catabolism of bis(5'-nucleosidyl) tetraphosphates; APA2 has a paralog, APA1, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YCL050C |
APA1 |
bifunctional AP-4-A phosphorylase/ADP sulfurylase | DTP1 |
AP4A phosphorylase; bifunctional diadenosine 5',5'''-P1,P4-tetraphosphate phosphorylase and ADP sulfurylase involved in catabolism of bis(5'-nucleosidyl) tetraphosphates; catalyzes phosphorolysis of dinucleoside oligophosphates, cleaving substrates' alpha/beta-anhydride bond and introducing Pi into the beta-position of the corresponding NDP formed; protein abundance increases under DNA replication stress; APA1 has a paralog, APA2, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YHR164C |
DNA2 |
bifunctional ATP-dependent DNA helicase/ssDNA endodeoxyribonuclease DNA2 | WEB2 |
Tripartite DNA replication factor; single-stranded DNA-dependent ATPase, ATP-dependent nuclease, helicase; tracking protein for flap cleavage during Okazaki fragment maturation; involved in DNA repair/processing of meiotic DNA double strand breaks; component of telomeric chromatin with cell-cycle dependent localization; required for telomerase-dependent telomere synthesis; forms nuclear foci upon DNA replication stress; human homolog DNA2 complements yeast dna2 mutant |
| YJL130C |
URA2 |
bifunctional carbamoylphosphate synthetase/aspartate transcarbamylase |
Bifunctional carbamoylphosphate synthetase/aspartate transcarbamylase; catalyzes the first two enzymatic steps in the de novo biosynthesis of pyrimidines; both activities are subject to feedback inhibition by UTP |
| YLR133W |
CKI1 |
bifunctional choline kinase/ethanolamine kinase CKI1 |
Choline kinase; catalyzes the first step in phosphatidylcholine synthesis via the CDP-choline (Kennedy pathway); exhibits some ethanolamine kinase activity contributing to phosphatidylethanolamine synthesis via the CDP-ethanolamine pathway; CKI1 has a paralog, EKI1, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YDR147W |
EKI1 |
bifunctional choline kinase/ethanolamine kinase EKI1 |
Ethanolamine kinase; primarily responsible for phosphatidylethanolamine synthesis via the CDP-ethanolamine pathway; exhibits some choline kinase activity, thus contributing to phosphatidylcholine synthesis via the CDP-choline pathway; EKI1 has a paralog, CKI1, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YGL148W |
ARO2 |
bifunctional chorismate synthase/riboflavin reductase [NAD(P)H] ARO2 |
Bifunctional chorismate synthase and flavin reductase; catalyzes the conversion of 5-enolpyruvylshikimate 3-phosphate (EPSP) to form chorismate, which is a precursor to aromatic amino acids; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress |
| YHR123W |
EPT1 |
bifunctional diacylglycerol cholinephosphotransferase/ethanolaminephosphotransferase |
sn-1,2-diacylglycerol ethanolamine- and cholinephosphotranferase; not essential for viability; EPT1 has a paralog, CPT1, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YDR284C |
DPP1 |
bifunctional diacylglycerol diphosphate phosphatase/phosphatidate phosphatase | ZRG1 |
Diacylglycerol pyrophosphate (DGPP) phosphatase; zinc-regulated vacuolar membrane-associated lipid phosphatase, dephosphorylates DGPP to phosphatidate (PA) and Pi, then PA to diacylglycerol; involved in lipid signaling and cell metabolism |
| YBR252W |
DUT1 |
bifunctional dITP/dUTP diphosphatase |
Deoxyuridine triphosphate diphosphatase (dUTPase); catalyzes hydrolysis of dUTP to dUMP and PPi, thereby preventing incorporation of uracil into DNA during replication; critical for the maintenance of genetic stability; also has diphosphatase activity on deoxyinosine triphosphate; human homolog DUT allows growth of yeast haploid dut1 null mutant after sporulation of heterozygous diploid |
| YOL066C |
RIB2 |
bifunctional DRAP deaminase/tRNA pseudouridine synthase RIB2 | PUS8 |
Bifunctional DRAP deaminase tRNA:pseudouridine synthase; the deaminase catalyzes the third step in riboflavin biosynthesis and the synthase catalyzes formation of pseudouridine at position 32 in cytoplasmic tRNAs; RIB2 has a paralog, PUS9, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YHR079C |
IRE1 |
bifunctional endoribonuclease/protein kinase IRE1 | ERN1 |
Serine-threonine kinase and endoribonuclease; transmembrane protein that mediates the unfolded protein response (UPR) by regulating Hac1p synthesis through HAC1 mRNA splicing; role in homeostatic adaptation to ER stress; Kar2p binds inactive Ire1p and releases from it upon ER stress |
| YHR190W |
ERG9 |
bifunctional farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase/squalene synthase |
Farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyl transferase (squalene synthase); joins two farnesyl pyrophosphate moieties to form squalene in the sterol biosynthesis pathway |
| YLR345W |
— |
bifunctional fructose-2,6-bisphosphate 2-phosphatase/6-phosphofructo-2-kinase |
Similar to 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase enzymes; mRNA expression is repressed by the Rfx1p-Tup1p-Ssn6p repressor complex; YLR345W is not an essential gene |
| YIR038C |
GTT1 |
bifunctional glutathione transferase/peroxidase |
ER associated glutathione S-transferase; capable of homodimerization; glutathione transferase for Yvc1p vacuolar cation channel; expression induced during the diauxic shift and throughout stationary phase; functional overlap with Gtt2p, Grx1p, and Grx2p |
| YKR067W |
GPT2 |
bifunctional glycerol-3-phosphate/glycerone-phosphate O-acyltransferase GPT2 | GAT1 |
Glycerol-3-phosphate/dihydroxyacetone phosphate sn-1 acyltransferase; located in lipid particles and the ER; involved in the stepwise acylation of glycerol-3-phosphate and dihydroxyacetone in lipid biosynthesis; the most conserved motifs and functionally relevant residues are oriented towards the ER lumen |
| YBL011W |
SCT1 |
bifunctional glycerol-3-phosphate/glycerone-phosphate O-acyltransferase SCT1 | GAT2 |
Glycerol 3-phosphate/dihydroxyacetone phosphate sn-1 acyltransferase; dual substrate-specific acyltransferase of the glycerolipid biosynthesis pathway; prefers 16-carbon fatty acids; similar to Gpt2p; gene is constitutively transcribed |
| YPL214C |
THI6 |
bifunctional hydroxyethylthiazole kinase/thiamine-phosphate diphosphorylase |
Thiamine-phosphate diphosphorylase and hydroxyethylthiazole kinase; required for thiamine biosynthesis; GFP-fusion protein localizes to the cytoplasm in a punctate pattern |
| YDR456W |
NHX1 |
bifunctional K:H/Na:H antiporter NHX1 | NHA2 | VPL27 | VPS44 |
Na+/H+ and K+/H+ exchanger; required for intracellular sequestration of Na+ and K+; located in the vacuole and late endosome compartments; required for osmotolerance to acute hypertonic shock and for vacuolar fusion; ortholog of human NHE9, which is linked to autism |
| YAL015C |
NTG1 |
bifunctional N-glycosylase/AP lyase NTG1 | FUN33 | ogg2 | SCR1 |
DNA N-glycosylase and apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) lyase; involved in base excision repair; acts in both nucleus and mitochondrion; creates a double-strand break at mtDNA origins that stimulates replication in response to oxidative stress; required for maintaining mitochondrial genome integrity; NTG1 has a paralog, NTG2, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YOL043C |
NTG2 |
bifunctional N-glycosylase/AP lyase NTG2 | SCR2 |
DNA N-glycosylase and apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) lyase; involved in base excision repair, localizes to the nucleus; sumoylated; NTG2 has a paralog, NTG1, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YER037W |
PHM8 |
bifunctional nucleotidase/lysophosphatidic acid phosphatase |
Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) phosphatase, nucleotidase; principle and physiological nucleotidase working on GMP, UMP and CMP; involved in LPA hydrolysis in response to phosphate starvation and ribose salvage pathway; phosphatase activity is soluble and Mg2+ dependent; expression is induced by low phosphate levels and by inactivation of Pho85p; repressed by Gcn4p under normal conditions; PHM8 has a paralog, SDT1, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YJR073C |
OPI3 |
bifunctional phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase/phosphatidyl-N-dimethylethanolamine N-methyltransferase | PEM2 |
Methylene-fatty-acyl-phospholipid synthase; catalyzes the last two steps in phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis; also known as phospholipid methyltransferase |
| YLR028C |
ADE16 |
bifunctional phosphoribosylaminoimidazolecarboxamide formyltransferase/IMP cyclohydrolase ADE16 |
Enzyme of 'de novo' purine biosynthesis; contains both 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide transformylase and inosine monophosphate cyclohydrolase activities; ADE16 has a paralog, ADE17, that arose from the whole genome duplication; ade16 ade17 mutants require adenine and histidine |
| YMR120C |
ADE17 |
bifunctional phosphoribosylaminoimidazolecarboxamide formyltransferase/IMP cyclohydrolase ADE17 |
Enzyme of 'de novo' purine biosynthesis; contains both 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide transformylase and inosine monophosphate cyclohydrolase activities; ADE17 has a paralog, ADE16, that arose from the whole genome duplication; ade16 ade17 mutants require adenine and histidine |
| YPL274W |
SAM3 |
bifunctional polyamine/amino acid permease SAM3 |
High-affinity S-adenosylmethionine permease; required for utilization of S-adenosylmethionine as a sulfur source; has similarity to S-methylmethionine permease Mmp1p |
| YKL019W |
RAM2 |
bifunctional protein farnesyltransferase/protein geranylgeranyltransferase |
Alpha subunit of farnesyltransferase and geranylgeranyltransferase-I; farnesyltransferase (Ram2p-Ram1p heterodimer) catalyzes the addition of 15-carbon isoprenoid farnesyl to substrate proteins containing a CAAX consensus motif; type I geranylgeranyltransferase (Ram2p-Cdc43p heterodimer) catalyzes the addition of the 20-carbon isoprenoid geranylgeranyl to substrate proteins containing a CaaL consensus motif; required for membrane localization of Ras proteins and a-factor |
| YJR057W |
CDC8 |
bifunctional thymidylate/uridylate kinase |
Nucleoside monophosphate and nucleoside diphosphate kinase; functions in the de novo biosynthesis of pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotides; thymidylate/uridylate kinase that converts nucleoside monophosphates, dTMP and dUMP to nucleoside diphosphates, dTDP and dUDP; nucleoside diphosphate kinase that converts nucleoside diphosphates, dTDP and dUDP to dTTP and dUTP; essential for mitotic and meiotic DNA replication; homologous to S. pombe tmp1; human homolog DTYMK can complement the cdc8 null mutant |
| YMR313C |
TGL3 |
bifunctional triglyceride lipase/lysophosphatidylethanolamine acyltransferase |
Bifunctional triacylglycerol lipase and LPE acyltransferase; major lipid particle-localized triacylglycerol (TAG) lipase; catalyzes acylation of lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LPE), a function which is essential for sporulation; protein level and stability of Tgl3p are markedly reduced in the absence of lipid droplets; required with Tgl4p for timely bud formation |
| YBR208C |
DUR1,2 |
bifunctional urea carboxylase/allophanate hydrolase | DUR80 |
Urea amidolyase; contains both urea carboxylase and allophanate hydrolase activities, degrades urea to CO2 and NH3; expression sensitive to nitrogen catabolite repression and induced by allophanate, an intermediate in allantoin degradation; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress |
| YKL024C |
URA6 |
bifunctional uridylate/adenylate kinase | SOC8 |
Uridylate kinase; catalyzes the seventh enzymatic step in the de novo biosynthesis of pyrimidines, converting uridine monophosphate (UMP) into uridine-5'-diphosphate (UDP) |
| YGR286C |
BIO2 |
biotin synthase |
Biotin synthase; catalyzes the conversion of dethiobiotin to biotin, which is the last step of the biotin biosynthesis pathway; complements E. coli bioB mutant |
| YJL034W |
KAR2 |
BIP | GRP78 | Hsp70 family ATPase KAR2 |
ATPase involved in protein import into the ER; also acts as a chaperone to mediate protein folding in the ER and may play a role in ER export of soluble proteins; regulates the unfolded protein response via interaction with Ire1p |
| YGL068W |
MNP1 |
bL12m | mitochondrial nucleoid protein MNP1 |
Mitochondrial ribosomal protein of the large subunit; has similarity to E. coli L7/L12 and human MRPL7 ribosomal proteins; associates with the mitochondrial nucleoid; required for normal respiratory growth |
| YJL063C |
MRPL8 |
bL17m | HRD238 | mitochondrial 54S ribosomal protein YmL8 | YmL8 |
Mitochondrial ribosomal protein of the large subunit |
| YCR046C |
IMG1 |
bL19m | mitochondrial 54S ribosomal protein IMG1 |
Mitochondrial ribosomal protein of the large subunit; required for respiration and for maintenance of the mitochondrial genome |
| YJL096W |
MRPL49 |
bL21m | mitochondrial 54S ribosomal protein YmL49 | YmL49 |
Mitochondrial ribosomal protein of the large subunit |
| YNL005C |
MRP7 |
bL27m | mitochondrial 54S ribosomal protein YmL2 | MRPL2 | YmL2 |
Mitochondrial ribosomal protein of the large subunit |
| YMR193W |
MRPL24 |
bL28m | mitochondrial 54S ribosomal protein YmL24/YmL14 | MRPL14 | YmL14 | YmL24 |
Mitochondrial ribosomal protein of the large subunit; two mitochondrial ribosomal proteins, YmL14 and YmL24, have been assigned to the same gene |
| YBR122C |
MRPL36 |
bL31m | mitochondrial 54S ribosomal protein YmL36 | YmL36 |
Mitochondrial ribosomal protein of the large subunit; overproduction suppresses mutations in the COX2 leader peptide-encoding region |
| YCR003W |
MRPL32 |
bL32m | mitochondrial 54S ribosomal protein YmL32 | YmL32 |
Mitochondrial ribosomal protein of the large subunit; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress |
| YML009C |
MRPL39 |
bL33m | mitochondrial 54S ribosomal protein YmL39 | YmL39 |
Mitochondrial ribosomal protein of the large subunit |
| YDR115W |
MRX14 |
bL34m | putative mitochondrial 54S ribosomal protein |
Putative mitochondrial ribosomal protein of the large subunit; similar to E. coli L34 ribosomal protein; required for respiratory growth, as are most mitochondrial ribosomal proteins; protein increases in abundance and relocalizes to the plasma membrane upon DNA replication stress |
| YNL122C |
— |
bL35m |
Mitochondrial ribosomal protein of the large subunit; homologous to bacterial L35 and human MRPL35 ribosomal proteins |
| YPL183W-A |
RTC6 |
bL36m | GON5 | putative mitochondrial 54S ribosomal protein RTC6 | TAE4 |
Protein involved in translation; mutants have defects in biogenesis of nuclear ribosomes; sequence similar to prokaryotic ribosomal protein L36, may be a mitochondrial ribosomal protein; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress |
| YNR022C |
MRPL50 |
bL9m | mitochondrial 54S ribosomal protein MRPL50 |
Mitochondrial ribosomal protein of the large subunit; not essential for mitochondrial translation |
| YLR408C |
BLS1 |
BLB1 |
Subunit of the BLOC-1 complex involved in endosomal maturation; green fluorescent protein (GFP)-fusion protein localizes to the endosome; YLR408C is not an essential gene |
| YDR357C |
CNL1 |
BLC1 |
Subunit of the BLOC-1 complex involved in endosomal maturation; interacts with Msb3p; null mutant is sensitive to drug inducing secretion of vacuolar cargo; green fluorescent protein (GFP)-fusion protein localizes to the cytoplasm |
| YNL239W |
LAP3 |
bleomycin hydrolase | BLH1 | GAL6 | YCP1 |
Cysteine aminopeptidase with homocysteine-thiolactonase activity; protects cells against homocysteine toxicity; has bleomycin hydrolase activity in vitro; transcription is regulated by galactose via Gal4p; orthologous to human BLMH |
| YER151C |
UBP3 |
BLM3 | mRNA-binding ubiquitin-specific protease UBP3 |
Ubiquitin-specific protease involved in transport and osmotic response; negatively regulates Ras/PKA signaling; interacts with Bre5p to coregulate anterograde, retrograde transport between ER and Golgi; involved in transcription elongation in response to osmostress through phosphorylation at Ser695 by Hog1p; inhibitor of gene silencing; role in ribophagy; cleaves ubiquitin fusions but not polyubiquitin; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress |
| YNL086W |
SNN1 |
BLS1 |
Subunit of the BLOC-1 complex involved in endosomal maturation; interacts with Msb3p; green fluorescent protein (GFP)-fusion protein localizes to endosomes |
| YBL085W |
BOI1 |
BOB1 | GIN7 |
Protein implicated in polar growth; functionally redundant with Boi2p; interacts with bud-emergence protein Bem1p; contains an SH3 (src homology 3) domain and a PH (pleckstrin homology) domain; relocalizes from bud neck to cytoplasm upon DNA replication stress; BOI1 has a paralog, BOI2, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YPL221W |
FLC1 |
BOP1 | flavin adenine dinucleotide transporter | HUF1 |
Flavin adenine dinucleotide transporter; required for uptake of FAD into endoplasmic reticulum; involved in cell wall maintenance; FLC1 has a paralog, FLC3, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YML116W |
ATR1 |
borate transporter | SNQ1 |
Multidrug efflux pump of the major facilitator superfamily; required for resistance to aminotriazole and 4-nitroquinoline-N-oxide; ATR1 has a paralog, YMR279C, that arose from the whole genome duplication; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress |
| YPL117C |
IDI1 |
BOT2 | isopentenyl-diphosphate delta-isomerase IDI1 | LPH10 |
Isopentenyl diphosphate:dimethylallyl diphosphate isomerase; catalyzes an essential activation step in the isoprenoid biosynthetic pathway; required for viability; isopentenyl diphosphate:dimethylallyl diphosphate isomerase is also known as IPP isomerase |
| YDR454C |
GUK1 |
BRA3 | guanylate kinase | PUR5 |
Guanylate kinase; converts GMP to GDP; required for growth and mannose outer chain elongation of cell wall N-linked glycoproteins |
| YDR399W |
HPT1 |
BRA6 | HGPRTase | HPRT | hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase |
Dimeric hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase; catalyzes the transfer of the phosphoribosyl portion of 5-phosphoribosyl-alpha-1-pyrophosphate to a purine base (either guanine or hypoxanthine) to form pyrophosphate and a purine nucleotide (either guanosine monophosphate or inosine monophosphate); mutations in the human homolog HPRT1 can cause Lesch-Nyhan syndrome and Kelley-Seegmiller syndrome |
| YER056C |
FCY2 |
BRA7 | purine-cytosine permease |
Purine-cytosine permease; mediates purine (adenine, guanine, and hypoxanthine) and cytosine accumulation; relative distribution to the vacuole increases upon DNA replication stress |
| YDL080C |
THI3 |
branched-chain-2-oxoacid decarboxylase THI3 | KID1 |
Regulatory protein that binds Pdc2p and Thi2p transcription factors; activates thiamine biosynthesis transcription factors Pdc2p and Thi2p by binding to them, but releases and de-activates them upon binding to thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP), the end product of the pathway; has similarity to decarboxylases but enzymatic activity is not detected |
| YBR068C |
BAP2 |
branched-chain amino acid permease BAP2 |
High-affinity leucine permease; functions as a branched-chain amino acid permease involved in uptake of leucine, isoleucine and valine; contains 12 predicted transmembrane domains; BAP2 has a paralog, BAP3, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YJR148W |
BAT2 |
branched-chain-amino-acid transaminase BAT2 | ECA40 | TWT2 |
Cytosolic branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) aminotransferase; preferentially involved in BCAA catabolism; homolog of murine ECA39; highly expressed during stationary phase and repressed during logarithmic phase; BAT2 has a paralog, BAT1, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YNL323W |
LEM3 |
BRE3 | ROS3 |
Membrane protein of the plasma membrane and ER; interacts specifically in vivo with the phospholipid translocase (flippase) Dnf1p; involved in translocation of phospholipids and alkylphosphocholine drugs across the plasma membrane; null mutant requires tryptophan due to mislocalization of tryptophan permease Tat2p |
| YDL207W |
GLE1 |
BRR3 | NLE2 | nucleoporin GLE1 | RSS1 |
Cytoplasmic nucleoporin required for polyadenylated mRNA export; contains a nuclear export signal; when bound to inositol hexakisphosphate (IP6), functions as an activator for the Dbp5p ATPase activity at the nuclear pore complex during mRNA export; mediates translation initiation; required for efficient translation termination |
| YLR277C |
YSH1 |
BRR5 | cleavage polyadenylation factor subunit YSH1 |
Endoribonuclease; subunit of the mRNA cleavage and polyadenylation specificity complex; required for 3' processing, splicing, and transcriptional termination of mRNAs and snoRNAs; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress; YSH1 has a paralog, SYC1, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YHR206W |
SKN7 |
BRY1 | kinase-regulated stress-responsive transcription factor SKN7 | POS9 |
Nuclear response regulator and transcription factor; physically interacts with the Tup1-Cyc8 complex and recruits Tup1p to its targets; part of a branched two-component signaling system; required for optimal induction of heat-shock genes in response to oxidative stress; involved in osmoregulation; relocalizes to the cytosol in response to hypoxia; SKN7 has a paralog, HMS2, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YPL013C |
MRPS16 |
bS16m | mitochondrial 37S ribosomal protein MRPS16 |
Mitochondrial ribosomal protein of the small subunit |
| YPL118W |
MRP51 |
bS1m | mitochondrial 37S ribosomal protein MRP51 |
Mitochondrial ribosomal protein of the small subunit; MRP51 exhibits genetic interactions with mutations in the COX2 and COX3 mRNA 5'-untranslated leader sequences |
| YBL090W |
MRP21 |
bS21m | mitochondrial 37S ribosomal protein MRP21 | MRP50 |
Mitochondrial ribosomal protein of the small subunit; MRP21 exhibits genetic interactions with mutations in the COX2 and COX3 mRNA 5'-untranslated leader sequences |
| YKL003C |
MRP17 |
bS6m | mitochondrial 37S ribosomal protein YmS16 |
Mitochondrial ribosomal protein of the small subunit; MRP17 exhibits genetic interactions with PET122, encoding a COX3-specific translational activator |
| YGL167C |
PMR1 |
BSD1 | Ca(2+)/Mn(2+)-transporting P-type ATPase PMR1 | LDB1 | SSC1 |
High affinity Ca2+/Mn2+ P-type ATPase; required for Ca2+ and Mn2+ transport into Golgi; involved in Ca2+ dependent protein sorting, processing; D53A mutant (Mn2+ transporting) is rapamycin sensitive, Q783A mutant (Ca2+ transporting) is rapamycin resistant; Mn2+ transport into Golgi lumen required for rapamycin sensitivity; mutations in human homolog ATP2C1 cause acantholytic skin condition Hailey-Hailey disease; human ATP2C1 can complement yeast null mutant |
| YGR202C |
PCT1 |
BSR2 | CCT1 | choline-phosphate cytidylyltransferase |
Cholinephosphate cytidylyltransferase; a rate-determining enzyme of the CDP-choline pathway for phosphatidylcholine synthesis, inhibited by Sec14p, activated upon lipid-binding; contains an element within the regulatory domain involved in both silencing and activation of enzymatic activity |
| YPL145C |
KES1 |
BSR3 | LPI3 | OSH4 | oxysterol-binding protein KES1 |
One of seven members of the yeast oxysterol binding protein family; involved in negative regulation of Sec14p-dependent Golgi complex secretory functions, peripheral membrane protein that localizes to the Golgi complex; KES1 has a paralog, HES1, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YDR294C |
DPL1 |
BST1 | sphinganine-1-phosphate aldolase DPL1 |
Dihydrosphingosine phosphate lyase; regulates intracellular levels of sphingolipid long-chain base phosphates (LCBPs), degrades phosphorylated long chain bases, prefers C16 dihydrosphingosine-l-phosphate as a substrate |
| YGL200C |
EMP24 |
BST2 |
Component of the p24 complex; role in misfolded protein quality control; binds to GPI anchor proteins and mediates their efficient transport from the ER to the Golgi; integral membrane protein that associates with endoplasmic reticulum-derived COPII-coated vesicles |
| YPL082C |
MOT1 |
BTAF1 | BUR3 | DNA-binding ATPase | END10 | LPF4 |
Essential protein involved in regulation of transcription; removes Spt15p (TBP) from DNA via its C-terminal ATPase activity; may have a role in ensuring that soluble TBP is available to bind TATA-less promoters; forms a complex with TBP that binds TATA DNA with high affinity but with altered specificity; the Mot1p-Spt15p-DNA ternary complex contains unbent DNA; coregulates transcription with Spt16p through assembly of preinitiation complex and organization of nucleosomes |
| YER148W |
SPT15 |
BTF1 | TATA-binding protein | TBP | TBP1 |
TATA-binding protein (TBP); general transcription factor that interacts with other factors to form the preinitiation complex at promoters; essential for viability, highly conserved; yeast gene can complement mutations in human homolog TBP |
| YHR009C |
TDA3 |
BTN3 |
Putative oxidoreductase involved in late endosome to Golgi transport; physical and genetical interactions with Btn2p; null mutant is viable, has extended S phase, and sensitive to expression of top1-T722A allele; similar to human FOXRED1 |
| YGR108W |
CLB1 |
B-type cyclin CLB1 | SCB1 |
B-type cyclin involved in cell cycle progression; activates Cdc28p to promote the transition from G2 to M phase; accumulates during G2 and M, then targeted via a destruction box motif for ubiquitin-mediated degradation by the proteasome; CLB1 has a paralog, CLB2, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YPR119W |
CLB2 |
B-type cyclin CLB2 |
B-type cyclin involved in cell cycle progression; activates Cdc28p to promote the transition from G2 to M phase; accumulates during G2 and M, then targeted via a destruction box motif for ubiquitin-mediated degradation by the proteasome; CLB2 has a paralog, CLB1, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YDL155W |
CLB3 |
B-type cyclin CLB3 |
B-type cyclin involved in cell cycle progression; activates Cdc28p to promote the G2/M transition; may be involved in DNA replication and spindle assembly; accumulates during S phase and G2, then targeted for ubiquitin-mediated degradation; relative distribution to the nucleus increases upon DNA replication stress; CLB3 has a paralog, CLB4, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YLR210W |
CLB4 |
B-type cyclin CLB4 |
B-type cyclin involved in cell cycle progression; activates Cdc28p to promote the G2/M transition; may be involved in DNA replication and spindle assembly; accumulates during S phase and G2, then targeted for ubiquitin-mediated degradation; CLB4 has a paralog, CLB3, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YGR152C |
RSR1 |
BUD1 | Ras family GTPase RSR1 |
GTP-binding protein of the Ras superfamily; required for bud site selection, morphological changes in response to mating pheromone, and efficient cell fusion; localized to the plasma membrane; significantly similar to mammalian Rap GTPases |
| YIL140W |
AXL2 |
BUD10 | SRO4 |
Integral plasma membrane protein; required for axial budding in haploid cells; localizes to the incipient bud site and bud neck; glycosylated by Pmt4p; potential Cdc28p substrate |
| YBL047C |
EDE1 |
BUD15 |
Scaffold protein involved in the formation of early endocytic sites; putative regulator of cytokinesis; homo-oligomerization is required for localization to and organization of endocytic sites; has a network of interactions with other endocytic proteins; binds membranes in a ubiquitin-dependent manner; may also bind ubiquitinated membrane-associated proteins; interacts with Cmk2 and functions upstream of CMK2 in regulating non-apoptotic cell death; homolog of mammalian Eps15 |
| YER044C |
ERG28 |
BUD18 |
Endoplasmic reticulum membrane protein; may facilitate protein-protein interactions between the Erg26p dehydrogenase and the Erg27p 3-ketoreductase and/or tether these enzymes to the ER, also interacts with Erg6p |
| YOL072W |
THP1 |
BUD29 |
Nuclear pore-associated protein; component of TREX-2 complex (Sac3p-Thp1p-Sus1p-Cdc31p) involved in transcription elongation and mRNA export from the nucleus; involved in post-transcriptional tethering of active genes to the nuclear periphery and to non-nascent mRNP; contains a PAM domain implicated in protein-protein binding |
| YNL312W |
RFA2 |
BUF1 | RPA2 | RPA32 |
Subunit of heterotrimeric Replication Protein A (RPA); RPA is a highly conserved single-stranded DNA binding protein involved in DNA replication, repair, and recombination; RPA protects against inappropriate telomere recombination, and upon telomere uncapping, prevents cell proliferation by a checkpoint-independent pathway; in concert with Sgs1p-Top2p-Rmi1p, stimulates DNA catenation/decatenation activity of Top3p; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication s |
| YAR007C |
RFA1 |
BUF2 | FUN3 | replication factor A subunit protein RFA1 | RPA1 | RPA70 |
Subunit of heterotrimeric Replication Protein A (RPA); RPA is a highly conserved single-stranded DNA binding protein involved in DNA replication, repair, and recombination; RPA protects against inappropriate telomere recombination, and upon telomere uncapping, prevents cell proliferation by a checkpoint-independent pathway; role in DNA catenation/decatenation pathway of chromosome disentangling; relocalizes to the cytosol in response to hypoxia |
| YPR161C |
SGV1 |
BUR1 | cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase SGV1 |
Cyclin (Bur2p)-dependent protein kinase; part of the BUR kinase complex which functions in transcriptional regulation; phosphorylates the carboxy-terminal domain (CTD) of Rpo21p and the C-terminal repeat domain of Spt5p; recruits Spt6p to the CTD at the onset of transcription; regulated by Cak1p; similar to metazoan CDK9 proteins |
| YBR010W |
HHT1 |
BUR5 | histone H3 | SIN2 |
Histone H3; core histone protein required for chromatin assembly, part of heterochromatin-mediated telomeric and HM silencing; one of two identical histone H3 proteins (see HHT2); regulated by acetylation, methylation, and phosphorylation; H3K14 acetylation plays an important role in the unfolding of strongly positioned nucleosomes during repair of UV damage |
| YLR079W |
SIC1 |
BYC1 | cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase inhibiting protein SIC1 | SDB25 |
Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor (CKI); inhibitor of Cdc28-Clb kinase complexes that controls G1/S phase transition, preventing premature S phase and ensuring genomic integrity; phosphorylated by Clb5/6-Cdk1 and Cln1/2-Cdk1 kinase which regulate timing of Sic1p degradation; phosphorylation targets Sic1p for SCF(CDC4)-dependent turnover; functional homolog of mammalian Kip1 |
| YHR030C |
SLT2 |
BYC2 | LYT2 | mitogen-activated serine/threonine-protein kinase SLT2 | MPK1 | SLK2 |
Serine/threonine MAP kinase; coordinates expression of all 19S regulatory particle assembly-chaperones (RACs) to control proteasome abundance; involved in regulating maintenance of cell wall integrity, cell cycle progression, nuclear mRNA retention in heat shock, septum assembly; required for mitophagy, pexophagy; affects recruitment of mitochondria to phagophore assembly site; plays role in adaptive response of cells to cold; regulated by the PKC1-mediated signaling pathway |
| YOR207C |
RET1 |
C128 | DNA-directed RNA polymerase III core subunit RET1 | PDS2 | RPC128 | RPC2 |
Second-largest subunit of RNA polymerase III; RNA polymerase III is responsible for the transcription of tRNA and 5S RNA genes, and other low molecular weight RNAs |
| YOR116C |
RPO31 |
C160 | DNA-directed RNA polymerase III core subunit RPO31 | RPC1 | RPC160 |
RNA polymerase III largest subunit C160; part of core enzyme; similar to bacterial beta-prime subunit and to RPA190 and RPO21 |
| YJL011C |
RPC17 |
C17 | DNA-directed RNA polymerase III subunit RPC17 |
RNA polymerase III subunit C17; physically interacts with C31, C11, and TFIIIB70; may be involved in the recruitment of pol III by the preinitiation complex; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress; relocalizes to the cytosol in response to hypoxia |
| YMR015C |
ERG5 |
C-22 sterol desaturase | CYP61 |
C-22 sterol desaturase; a cytochrome P450 enzyme that catalyzes the formation of the C-22(23) double bond in the sterol side chain in ergosterol biosynthesis; may be a target of azole antifungal drugs |
| YKR025W |
RPC37 |
C37 | DNA-directed RNA polymerase III subunit C37 |
RNA polymerase III subunit C37 |
| YDL150W |
RPC53 |
C53 | DNA-directed RNA polymerase III subunit C53 | RPC4 |
RNA polymerase III subunit C53 |
| YLR056W |
ERG3 |
C-5 sterol desaturase | PSO6 | SYR1 |
C-5 sterol desaturase; glycoprotein that catalyzes the introduction of a C-5(6) double bond into episterol, a precursor in ergosterol biosynthesis; transcriptionally down-regulated when ergosterol is in excess; mutants are viable, but cannot grow on non-fermentable carbon sources; substrate of HRD ubiquitin ligase; mutation is functionally complemented by human SC5D |
| YMR202W |
ERG2 |
C-8 sterol isomerase ERG2 | END11 |
C-8 sterol isomerase; catalyzes isomerization of delta-8 double bond to delta-7 position at an intermediate step in ergosterol biosynthesis; transcriptionally down-regulated when ergosterol is in excess; mutation is functionally complemented by human EBP |
| YNL083W |
SAL1 |
Ca(2+)-binding ATP:ADP antiporter SAL1 |
ADP/ATP transporter; member of the Ca2+-binding subfamily of mitochondrial carriers, with two EF-hand motifs; transport activity of either Sal1p or Pet9p is critical for viability; polymorphic in different S. cerevisiae strains |
| YOR197W |
MCA1 |
Ca(2+)-dependent cysteine protease MCA1 | YCA1 |
Ca2+-dependent cysteine protease; may cleave specific substrates during the stress response; regulates apoptosis upon H2O2 treatment; required for clearance of insoluble protein aggregates during normal growth; implicated in cell cycle dynamics and lifespan extension; undergoes autocatalytic processing; similar to mammalian metacaspases, but exists as a monomer due to an extra pair of anti-parallel beta-strands that block potential dimerization |
| YBR195C |
MSI1 |
CAC3 |
Subunit of chromatin assembly factor I (CAF-1); chromatin assembly by CAF-1 affects multiple processes including silencing at telomeres, mating type loci, and rDNA; maintenance of kinetochore structure; deactivation of DNA damage checkpoint after DNA repair; chromatin dynamics during transcription; and repression of divergent noncoding transcription; Msi1p localizes to nucleus and cytoplasm and independently regulates the RAS/cAMP pathway via sequestration of Npr1p kinase |
| YNR052C |
POP2 |
CAF1 | CCR4-NOT core DEDD family RNase subunit POP2 |
RNase of the DEDD superfamily; subunit of the Ccr4-Not complex that mediates 3' to 5' mRNA deadenylation |
| YJR122W |
IBA57 |
CAF17 |
Protein involved in incorporating iron-sulfur clusters into proteins; mitochondrial matrix protein; involved in the incorporation of iron-sulfur clusters into mitochondrial aconitase-type proteins; activates the radical-SAM family members Bio2p and Lip5p; interacts with Ccr4p in the two-hybrid system |
| YOR276W |
CAF20 |
CAF2 | CAP20 | p20 |
Phosphoprotein of the mRNA cap-binding complex; involved in translational control; repressor of cap-dependent translation initiation; competes with eIF4G for binding to eIF4E |
| YBR023C |
CHS3 |
CAL1 | chitin synthase CHS3 | CSD2 | DIT101 | KTI2 |
Chitin synthase III; catalyzes the transfer of N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) to chitin; required for synthesis of the majority of cell wall chitin, the chitin ring during bud emergence, and spore wall chitosan; contains overlapping di-leucine and di-acidic signals that mediate, respectively, intracellular trafficking by AP-1 and trafficking to plasma membrane by exomer complex; requires AP-3 complex for its intracellular retention |
| YGL155W |
CDC43 |
CAL1 | protein geranylgeranyltransferase type I subunit CDC43 |
Beta subunit of geranylgeranyltransferase type I; subunit of the Ram2p-Cdc43p heterodimer that catalyzes the geranylgeranylation of the cysteine residue in proteins containing a C-terminal CaaX sequence ending in Leu or Phe; has substrates important for morphogenesis |
| YBL061C |
SKT5 |
CAL2 | CHS4 | CSD4 |
Activator of Chs3p (chitin synthase III) during vegetative growth; recruits Chs3p to the bud neck via interaction with Bni4p; SKT5 has a paralog, SHC1, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YLR330W |
CHS5 |
CAL3 |
Component of the exomer complex; the exomer which also contains Csh6p, Bch1p, Bch2p, and Bud7, is involved in the export of select proteins, such as chitin synthase Chs3p, from the Golgi to the plasma membrane; interacts selectively with the activated, GTP-bound form of Arf1p; Chs5p is the only protein with a BRCT domain that is not localized to the nucleus |
| YLR433C |
CNA1 |
calcineurin catalytic subunit A | CMP1 |
Calcineurin A; one isoform (the other is Cmp2p) of the catalytic subunit of calcineurin, a Ca++/calmodulin-regulated protein phosphatase which regulates Crz1p (a stress-response transcription factor), the other calcineurin subunit is CNB1; regulates the function of Aly1p alpha-arrestin; CNA1 has a paralog, CMP2, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YML057W |
CMP2 |
calcineurin catalytic subunit A | CNA2 |
Calcineurin A; one isoform (the other is Cna1p) of the catalytic subunit of calcineurin, a Ca++/calmodulin-regulated protein phosphatase which regulates Crz1p (a stress-response transcription factor), the other calcineurin subunit is CNB1; regulates the function of Aly1p alpha-arrestin; CMP2 has a paralog, CNA1, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YKL190W |
CNB1 |
calcineurin regulatory subunit B | CRV1 | YCN2 |
Calcineurin B; regulatory subunit of calcineurin, a Ca++/calmodulin-regulated type 2B protein phosphatase which regulates Crz1p (stress-response transcription factor); other calcineurin subunit encoded by CNA1 and/or CMP1; regulates function of Aly1p alpha-arrestin; myristoylation by Nmt1p reduces calcineurin activity in response to submaximal Ca signals, is needed to prevent constitutive phosphatase activity; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress |
| YGL006W |
PMC1 |
calcium-transporting ATPase PMC1 |
Vacuolar Ca2+ ATPase involved in depleting cytosol of Ca2+ ions; prevents growth inhibition by activation of calcineurin in the presence of elevated concentrations of calcium; similar to mammalian PMCA1a |
| YBR109C |
CMD1 |
calmodulin | CaM |
Calmodulin; Ca2+ binding protein that regulates Ca2+ independent processes (mitosis, bud growth, actin organization, endocytosis, etc.) and Ca2+ dependent processes (stress-activated pathways), targets include Nuf1p, Myo2p and calcineurin; binds to the Hog1p MAPK in response to hyperosmotic stress; potentiates membrane tubulation and constriction mediated by the Rvs161p-Rvs167p complex; human CALM1 or CALM2 functionally complement repression induced inviability |
| YFR014C |
CMK1 |
calmodulin-dependent protein kinase CMK1 |
Calmodulin-dependent protein kinase; may play a role in stress response, many Ca++/calmodulin dependent phosphorylation substrates demonstrated in vitro, amino acid sequence similar to mammalian Cam Kinase II; CMK1 has a paralog, CMK2, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YOL016C |
CMK2 |
calmodulin-dependent protein kinase CMK2 |
Calmodulin-dependent protein kinase; may play a role in stress response, many CA++/calmodulan dependent phosphorylation substrates demonstrated in vitro, amino acid sequence similar to mammalian Cam Kinase II; CMK2 has a paralog, CMK1, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YAL058W |
CNE1 |
calnexin | FUN48 |
Calnexin; integral membrane ER chaperone involved in folding and quality control of glycoproteins; chaperone activity is inhibited by Mpd1p, with which Cne1p interacts; 24% identical to mammalian calnexin; Ca+ binding not yet shown in yeast |
| YJL164C |
TPK1 |
cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit TPK1 | PKA1 | SRA3 |
cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit; promotes vegetative growth in response to nutrients via the Ras-cAMP signaling pathway; inhibited by regulatory subunit Bcy1p in the absence of cAMP; phosphorylates and inhibits Whi3p to promote G1/S phase passage; partially redundant with Tpk2p and Tpk3p; phosphorylates pre-Tom40p, which impairs its import into mitochondria under non-respiratory conditions; TPK1 has a paralog, TPK3, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YPL203W |
TPK2 |
cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit TPK2 | PKA2 | PKA3 | YKR1 |
cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit; promotes vegetative growth in response to nutrients via the Ras-cAMP signaling pathway; partially redundant with Tpk1p and Tpk3p; localizes to P-bodies during stationary phase; relocalizes to the cytosol in response to hypoxia |
| YKL166C |
TPK3 |
cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit TPK3 |
cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit; promotes vegetative growth in response to nutrients via the Ras-cAMP signaling pathway; partially redundant with Tpk1p and Tpk2p; localizes to P-bodies during stationary phase; TPK3 has a paralog, TPK1, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YIL033C |
BCY1 |
cAMP-dependent protein kinase regulatory subunit BCY1 | SRA1 |
Regulatory subunit of the cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA); PKA is a component of a signaling pathway that controls a variety of cellular processes, including metabolism, cell cycle, stress response, stationary phase, and sporulation |
| YDR207C |
UME6 |
CAR80 | DNA-binding transcriptional regulator UME6 | NIM2 | RIM16 |
Rpd3L histone deacetylase complex subunit; key transcriptional regulator of early meiotic genes; involved in chromatin remodeling and transcriptional repression via DNA looping; binds URS1 upstream regulatory sequence, represses transcription by recruiting conserved histone deacetylase Rpd3p (through co-repressor Sin3p) and chromatin-remodeling factor Isw2p; couples metabolic responses to nutritional cues with initiation and progression of meiosis |
| YOR303W |
CPA1 |
carbamoyl-phosphate synthase (glutamine-hydrolyzing) CPA1 |
Small subunit of carbamoyl phosphate synthetase; carbamoyl phosphate synthetase catalyzes a step in the synthesis of citrulline, an arginine precursor; translationally regulated by an attenuator peptide encoded by YOR302W within the CPA1 mRNA 5'-leader |
| YJR109C |
CPA2 |
carbamoyl-phosphate synthase (glutamine-hydrolyzing) CPA2 |
Large subunit of carbamoyl phosphate synthetase; carbamoyl phosphate synthetase catalyzes a step in the synthesis of citrulline, an arginine precursor |
| YNL036W |
NCE103 |
carbonate dehydratase NCE103 | NCE3 |
Carbonic anhydrase; metalloenzyme that catalyzes CO2 hydration to bicarbonate, which is an important metabolic substrate, and protons; not expressed under conditions of high CO2, such as inside a growing colony, but transcription is induced in response to low CO2 levels, such as on the colony surface in ambient air; poorly transcribed under aerobic conditions and at an undetectable level under anaerobic conditions; abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress |
| YGL039W |
— |
carbonyl reductase (NADPH-dependent) |
Aldehyde reductase; reduces aliphatic aldehyde substrates using NADH as cofactor; shown to reduce carbonyl compounds to chiral alcohols |
| YGL157W |
ARI1 |
carbonyl reductase (NADPH-dependent) ARI1 |
NADPH-dependent aldehyde reductase; utilizes aromatic and alophatic aldehyde substrates; member of the short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase superfamily |
| YBR139W |
ATG42 |
carboxypeptidase C |
Vacuolar serine-type carboxypeptidase; involved, along with functional homolog Prc1p, in vacuolar zymogen activation, breakdown of the autophagic body, and autophagosome-dependent protein synthesis; role in phytochelatin synthesis; localizes to the vacuole lumen; expression induced by nitrogen limitation in a GLN3, GAT1-independent manner; N-glycosylated |
| YMR297W |
PRC1 |
carboxypeptidase C PRC1 | CPY | CPY1 | LBC1 |
Vacuolar carboxypeptidase Y (proteinase C, CPY); broad-specificity C-terminal exopeptidase involved in non-specific protein degradation in the vacuole; involved, along with functional homolog Prc1p, in vacuolar zymogen activation, breakdown of the autophagic body, and autophagosome-dependent protein synthesis; role in phytochelatin synthesis; localizes to the vacuole lumen; member of the serine carboxypeptidase family; N-glycosylated |
| YDL142C |
CRD1 |
cardiolipin synthase | CLS1 |
Cardiolipin synthase; produces cardiolipin, which is a phospholipid of the mitochondrial inner membrane that is required for normal mitochondrial membrane potential and function and for correct integration of membrane-multispanning proteins into the mitochondrial outer membrane; required to maintain tubular mitochondrial morphology and functions in mitochondrial fusion; also required for normal vacuolar ion homeostasis |
| YLR438W |
CAR2 |
cargB | ornithine-oxo-acid transaminase |
L-ornithine transaminase (OTAse); catalyzes the second step of arginine degradation, expression is dually-regulated by allophanate induction and a specific arginine induction process; not nitrogen catabolite repression sensitive; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress; human homolog OAT complements yeast null mutant |
| YER024W |
YAT2 |
carnitine O-acetyltransferase YAT2 |
Carnitine acetyltransferase; has similarity to Yat1p, which is a carnitine acetyltransferase associated with the mitochondrial outer membrane |
| YIL035C |
CKA1 |
casein kinase 2 catalytic subunit CKA1 |
Alpha catalytic subunit of casein kinase 2 (CK2); a Ser/Thr protein kinase with roles in cell growth and proliferation; CK2, comprised of CKA1, CKA2, CKB1 and CKB2, has many substrates including transcription factors and all RNA polymerases; regulates Fkh1p-mediated donor preference during mating-type switching |
| YOR061W |
CKA2 |
casein kinase 2 catalytic subunit CKA2 | YOR29-12 |
Alpha' catalytic subunit of casein kinase 2 (CK2); CK2 is a Ser/Thr protein kinase with roles in cell growth and proliferation; CK2, comprised of CKA1, CKA2, CKB1 and CKB2, has many substrates including transcription factors and all RNA polymerases; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress; regulates Fkh1p-mediated donor preference during mating-type switching |
| YGL019W |
CKB1 |
casein kinase 2 regulatory subunit CKB1 |
Beta regulatory subunit of casein kinase 2 (CK2); a Ser/Thr protein kinase with roles in cell growth and proliferation; CK2, comprised of CKA1, CKA2, CKB1 and CKB2, has many substrates including transcription factors and all RNA polymerases |
| YOR039W |
CKB2 |
casein kinase 2 regulatory subunit CKB2 |
Beta' regulatory subunit of casein kinase 2 (CK2); a Ser/Thr protein kinase with roles in cell growth and proliferation; CK2, comprised of CKA1, CKA2, CKB1 and CKB2, has many substrates including transcription factors and all RNA polymerase |
| YER123W |
YCK3 |
casein kinase YCK3 | CKI3 |
Palmitoylated vacuolar membrane-localized casein kinase I isoform; negatively regulates vacuole fusion during hypertonic stress via phosphorylation of Vps41p; shares essential functions with Hrr25p; regulates vesicle fusion in AP-3 pathway |
| YGL035C |
MIG1 |
CAT4 | SSN1 | TDS22 | transcription factor MIG1 |
Transcription factor involved in glucose repression; sequence specific DNA binding protein containing two Cys2His2 zinc finger motifs; regulated by the SNF1 kinase and the GLC7 phosphatase; regulates filamentous growth along with Mig2p in response to glucose depletion; activated in stochastic pulses of nuclear localization, shuttling between cytosol and nucleus depending on external glucose levels and its phosphorylation state |
| YGR088W |
CTT1 |
catalase T | SPS101 |
Cytosolic catalase T; has a role in protection from oxidative damage by hydrogen peroxide |
| YOL092W |
YPQ1 |
cationic amino acid transporter |
Putative vacuolar membrane transporter for cationic amino acids; likely contributes to amino acid homeostasis by exporting cationic amino acids from the vacuole; member of the PQ-loop family, with seven transmembrane domains; similar to mammalian PQLC2 vacuolar transporter; YPQ1 has a paralog, RTC2, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YIL121W |
QDR2 |
cation transporter |
Plasma membrane transporter of the major facilitator superfamily; member of the 12-spanner drug:H(+) antiporter DHA1 family; exports copper; has broad substrate specificity and can transport many mono- and divalent cations; transports a variety of drugs and is required for resistance to quinidine, barban, cisplatin, and bleomycin; contributes to potassium homeostasis; expression is regulated by copper |
| YMR125W |
STO1 |
CBC1 | CBP80 | GCR3 | SUT1 |
Large subunit of the nuclear mRNA cap-binding protein complex; interacts with Npl3p to carry nuclear poly(A)+ mRNA to cytoplasm; also involved in nuclear mRNA degradation and telomere maintenance; orthologous to mammalian CBP80 |
| YMR168C |
CEP3 |
CBF3 | CBF3B | CSL1 |
Essential kinetochore protein; component of the CBF3 complex that binds the CDEIII region of the centromere; contains an N-terminal Zn2Cys6 type zinc finger domain, a C-terminal acidic domain, and a putative coiled coil dimerization domain |
| YGR140W |
CBF2 |
CBF3A | CEP2 | CSL5 | CTF14 | NDC10 |
Essential kinetochore protein; component of the CBF3 multisubunit complex that binds to the CDEIII region of the centromere; Cbf2p also binds to the CDEII region possibly forming a different multimeric complex, ubiquitinated in vivo; sumoylated in an Mms21p-dependent manner; relative distribution to the spindle pole body decreases upon DNA replication stress |
| YDR328C |
SKP1 |
CBF3D | MGO1 | SCF ubiquitin ligase subunit SKP1 |
Evolutionarily conserved kinetochore protein; part of multiple protein complexes, including the SCF ubiquitin ligase complex, the CBF3 complex that binds centromeric DNA, and the RAVE complex that regulates assembly of the V-ATPase; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress |
| YPL178W |
CBC2 |
CBP20 | MUD13 | SAE1 |
Small subunit of the heterodimeric cap binding complex with Sto1p; interacts with Npl3p, possibly to package mRNA for export from the nucleus; may have a role in telomere maintenance; contains an RNA-binding motif |
| YDR197W |
CBS2 |
CBP7 |
Mitochondrial translational activator of the COB mRNA; interacts with translating ribosomes, acts on the COB mRNA 5'-untranslated leader |
| YIL043C |
CBR1 |
CBR5 |
Cytochrome b reductase; not essential for viability; also detected in mitochondria; mutation in conserved NADH binding domain of the human ortholog results in type I methemoglobinemia |
| YLR424W |
SPP382 |
CCF8 | mRNA splicing protein SPP382 | NTR1 |
Essential protein that forms a dimer with Ntr2p; also forms a trimer, with Ntr2p and Prp43p, that is involved in spliceosome disassembly; found also in a multisubunit complex with the splicing factor Clf1p; suppressor of prp38-1 mutation |
| YAL039C |
CYC3 |
CCHL | holocytochrome c synthase CYC3 |
Cytochrome c heme lyase (holocytochrome c synthase); attaches heme to apo-cytochrome c (Cyc1p or Cyc7p) in mitochondrial intermembrane space; human homolog HCCS implicated in microphthalmia with linear skin defects (MLS), and can complement yeast null mutant |
| YAL021C |
CCR4 |
CCR4-NOT core exoribonuclease subunit CCR4 | FUN27 | NUT21 |
Component of the CCR4-NOT transcriptional complex; CCR4-NOT is involved in regulation of gene expression; component of the major cytoplasmic deadenylase, which is involved in mRNA poly(A) tail shortening |
| YDR252W |
BTT1 |
CCR4-NOT core subunit BTT1 |
Heterotrimeric nascent polypeptide-associated complex beta3 subunit; complex binds ribosomes via its beta-subunits in close proximity to nascent polypeptides; interacts with Caf130p of the CCR4-NOT complex; similar to human BTF3; BTT1 has a paralog, EGD1, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YGR134W |
CAF130 |
CCR4-NOT core subunit CAF130 |
Subunit of the CCR4-NOT transcriptional regulatory complex; CCR4-NOT complex is evolutionarily-conserved and involved in controlling mRNA initiation, elongation, and degradation |
| YNL288W |
CAF40 |
CCR4-NOT core subunit CAF40 |
Component of the CCR4-NOT transcriptional complex; evolutionarily conserved; involved in controlling mRNA initiation, elongation, and degradation; binds Cdc39p |
| YDL165W |
CDC36 |
CCR4-NOT core subunit CDC36 | DNA19 | NOT2 |
Component of the CCR4-NOT core complex, involved in mRNA decapping; this complex has multiple roles in regulating mRNA levels including regulation of transcription and destabilizing mRNAs through deadenylation; basal transcription factor |
| YCR093W |
CDC39 |
CCR4-NOT core subunit CDC39 | NOT1 | ROS1 | SMD6 |
Subunit of the CCR4-NOT1 core complex; this complex has multiple roles in the regulation of mRNA levels including regulation of transcription and destabilization of mRNA by deadenylation; basal transcription factor that increases initiation and elongation; activates the ATPase activity of Dhh1p, resulting in processing body disassembly |
| YIL038C |
NOT3 |
CCR4-NOT core subunit NOT3 |
Component of the CCR4-NOT core complex, involved in mRNA decapping; involved in transcription initiation and elongation and in mRNA degradation; conserved lysine in human homolog of Not3p and Not5p is mutated in cancers |
| YPR072W |
NOT5 |
CCR4-NOT core subunit NOT5 |
Component of the CCR4-NOT core complex, involved in mRNA decapping; involved intranscription initiation and elongation and in mRNA degradation; conserved lysine in human homolog of Not5p and Not3p is mutated in cancers |
| YER068W |
MOT2 |
CCR4-NOT core ubiquitin-protein ligase subunit MOT2 | NOT4 | SIG1 |
Ubiquitin-protein ligase subunit of the CCR4-NOT complex; with Ubc4p, ubiquitinates nascent polypeptide-associated complex subunits and histone demethyase Jhd2p; CCR4-NOT has roles in transcription regulation, mRNA degradation, and post-transcriptional modifications; regulates levels of DNA Polymerase-{alpha} to promote efficient and accurate DNA replication |
| YMR038C |
CCS1 |
CCS | copper chaperone CCS1 | LYS7 |
Copper chaperone for superoxide dismutase Sod1p; involved in oxidative stress protection; Met-X-Cys-X2-Cys motif within N-terminus is involved in insertion of copper into Sod1p under conditions of copper deprivation; required for regulation of yeast copper genes in response to DNA-damaging agents; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress; human homolog CCS can complement yeast ccs1 null mutant |
| YOL081W |
IRA2 |
CCS1 | GLC4 | Ras GTPase activating protein IRA2 |
GTPase-activating protein; negatively regulates RAS by converting it from the GTP- to the GDP-bound inactive form, required for reducing cAMP levels under nutrient limiting conditions; IRA2 has a paralog, IRA1, that arose from the whole genome duplication; defects in human homolog NF1 are associated with neurofibromatosis |
| YJL158C |
CIS3 |
CCW11 | CCW5 | PIR4 | SCW8 |
Mannose-containing glycoprotein constituent of the cell wall; member of the PIR (proteins with internal repeats) family |
| YNL102W |
POL1 |
CDC17 | CRT5 | DNA-directed DNA polymerase alpha catalytic subunit POL1 | HPR3 |
Catalytic subunit of the DNA polymerase I alpha-primase complex; required for the initiation of DNA replication during mitotic DNA synthesis and premeiotic DNA synthesis |
| YDL102W |
POL3 |
CDC2 | DNA-directed DNA polymerase delta POL3 | HPR6 | TEX1 |
Catalytic subunit of DNA polymerase delta; required for chromosomal DNA replication during mitosis and meiosis, intragenic recombination, repair of double strand DNA breaks, and DNA replication during nucleotide excision repair (NER) |
| YLR310C |
CDC25 |
CDC25' | CTN1 | Ras family guanine nucleotide exchange factor CDC25 |
Membrane bound guanine nucleotide exchange factor; also known as a GEF or GDP-release factor; indirectly regulates adenylate cyclase through activation of Ras1p and Ras2p by stimulating the exchange of GDP for GTP; required for progression through G1; thermosensitivity of the cdc25-5 mutant is functionally complemented by human RASGRF1 or by a fragment of human SOS1 comprising the CDC25-related catalytic domain |
| YBR196C |
PGI1 |
CDC30 | glucose-6-phosphate isomerase |
Glycolytic enzyme phosphoglucose isomerase; catalyzes the interconversion of glucose-6-phosphate and fructose-6-phosphate; required for cell cycle progression and completion of the gluconeogenic events of sporulation |
| YOR217W |
RFC1 |
CDC44 | replication factor C subunit 1 |
Subunit of heteropentameric Replication factor C (RF-C); RF-C is a DNA binding protein and ATPase that acts as a clamp loader of the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) processivity factor for DNA polymerases delta and epsilon |
| YBR202W |
MCM7 |
CDC47 | mini-chromosome maintenance complex protein 7 |
Component of the Mcm2-7 hexameric helicase complex; MCM2-7 primes origins of DNA replication in G1 and becomes an active ATP-dependent helicase that promotes DNA melting and elongation in S-phase; forms an Mcm4p-6p-7p subcomplex |
| YPR019W |
MCM4 |
CDC54 | HCD21 | MCM DNA helicase complex subunit MCM4 |
Essential helicase component of heterohexameric MCM2-7 complexes; MCM2-7 complexes bind pre-replication complexes on DNA and melt DNA prior to replication; forms an Mcm4p-6p-7p subcomplex; shows nuclear accumulation in G1; homolog of S. pombe Cdc21p |
| YOR361C |
PRT1 |
CDC63 | DNA26 | translation initiation factor eIF3 core subunit b |
eIF3b subunit of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (eIF3); subunit of the core complex of eIF3; essential for translation; part of a subcomplex (Prt1p-Rpg1p-Nip1p) that stimulates binding of mRNA and tRNA(i)Met to ribosomes; eIF3 is also involved in programmed stop codon readthrough |
| YOR326W |
MYO2 |
CDC66 | myosin 2 |
Type V myosin motor involved in actin-based transport of cargos; required for the polarized delivery of secretory vesicles, the vacuole, late Golgi elements, peroxisomes, and the mitotic spindle; MYO2 has a paralog, MYO4, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YGL207W |
SPT16 |
CDC68 | chromatin-remodeling protein SPT16 | SSF1 |
Subunit of the heterodimeric FACT complex (Spt16p-Pob3p); FACT associates with chromatin via interaction with Nhp6Ap and Nhp6Bp, and reorganizes nucleosomes to facilitate access to DNA by RNA and DNA polymerases; specifically required for diauxic shift-induced H2B deposition onto rDNA genes; mutations cause reduced nucleosome occupancy over highly transcribed regions; coregulates transcription with Mot1p through preinitiation complex assembly and nucleosome organization |
| YHR005C |
GPA1 |
CDC70 | DAC1 | guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha | SCG1 |
Subunit of the G protein involved in pheromone response; GTP-binding alpha subunit of the heterotrimeric G protein; negatively regulates the mating pathway by sequestering G(beta)gamma and by triggering an adaptive response; activates Vps34p at the endosome; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress |
| YLR195C |
NMT1 |
CDC72 | glycylpeptide N-tetradecanoyltransferase NMT1 |
N-myristoyl transferase; catalyzes the cotranslational, covalent attachment of myristic acid to the N-terminal glycine residue of several proteins involved in cellular growth and signal transduction |
| YPR016C |
TIF6 |
CDC95 | translation initiation factor 6 |
Constituent of 66S pre-ribosomal particles; has similarity to human translation initiation factor 6 (eIF6); may be involved in the biogenesis and or stability of 60S ribosomal subunits |
| YBR160W |
CDC28 |
CDK1 | cyclin-dependent serine/threonine-protein kinase CDC28 | HSL5 | SRM5 |
Cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) catalytic subunit; master regulator of mitotic and meiotic cell cycles; alternately associates with G1, S, G2/M phase cyclins, which provide substrate specificity; regulates metabolism, basal transcription, chromosome dynamics, growth and morphogenesis; transcript induction in osmostress involves antisense RNA; human homologs CDK1, CDK2, CDK3 can complement yeast conditional cdc28 mutants; human CDK1, CDK2 can complement yeast cdc28 null mutant |
| YOL145C |
CTR9 |
CDP1 |
Component of the Paf1p complex involved in transcription elongation; binds to and modulates the activity of RNA polymerases I and II; required for expression of a subset of genes, including cyclin genes; involved in SER3 repression by helping to maintain SRG1 transcription-dependent nucleosome occupancy; contains TPR repeats |
| YPR113W |
PIS1 |
CDP-diacylglycerol--inositol 3-phosphatidyltransferase |
Phosphatidylinositol synthase; required for biosynthesis of phosphatidylinositol, which is a precursor for polyphosphoinositides, sphingolipids, and glycolipid anchors for some of the plasma membrane proteins |
| YJR046W |
TAH11 |
CDT1 | SID2 |
DNA replication licensing factor; required for pre-replication complex assembly |
| YLR215C |
CDC123 |
cell proliferation protein CDC123 |
Assembly factor for the eIF2 translation initiation factor complex; regulates translational initiation; conserved residues of this ATP-Grasp protein that bind to ATP-Mg2+ in the pombe ortholog are required for complex assembly in budding yeast; interaction with eIF2 subunit Gcd11p facilitates complex assembly and activity; required for the START transition and timely progression through G2; regulated by nutrient availability; human ortholog complements the yeast mutant |
| YFR046C |
CNN1 |
centromere-binding protein CNN1 |
Kinetochore protein; associated with the essential kinetochore proteins Nnf1p and Spc24p; phosphorylated by Clb5-Cdk1, Mps1p, Ipl1p and to a lesser extent by Clb2-Cdk1; localizes to the lower region of the Ndc80 complex during anaphase and regulates KMN activity by inhibiting the Mtw1 and Spc105 complexes from binding to the Ndc80 complex; similar to metazoan CENP-T |
| YKL049C |
CSE4 |
centromeric DNA-binding histone H3-like protein CSE4 | CSL2 |
Centromeric histone H3-like protein; associates with promoters, accessible chromatin, and RNAPII-bound regions; phosphorylated Cse4p associates with centromeres; required for kinetochore function; Ipl1p-dependent phosphorylation destabilizes defective kinetochores promoting bi-orientation; increases association of Sgo1p with centromeric chromatin; proteolysis regulated by multiple E3 ligases, resulting in faithful chromosome segregation; CSE4 complements mutations in the human homolog CENPA |
| YJR060W |
CBF1 |
CEP1 | CP1 | CPF1 | GFII |
Basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) protein; forms homodimer to bind E-box consensus sequence CACGTG present at MET gene promoters and centromere DNA element I (CDEI); affects nucleosome positioning at this motif; associates with other transcription factors such as Met4p and Isw1p to mediate transcriptional activation or repression; associates with kinetochore proteins, required for chromosome segregation; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress |
| YIL148W |
RPL40A |
CEP52A | eL40 | L40A | L40e | UB11 | UBI1 | ubiquitin-ribosomal 60S subunit protein L40A fusion protein |
Ubiquitin-ribosomal 60S subunit protein L40A fusion protein; cleaved to yield ubiquitin and ribosomal protein L40A; ubiquitin may facilitate assembly of the ribosomal protein into ribosomes; homologous to mammalian ribosomal protein L40, no bacterial homolog; RPL40A has a paralog, RPL40B, that arose from the whole genome duplication; relative distribution to the nucleus increases upon DNA replication stress |
| YKR094C |
RPL40B |
CEP52B | eL40 | L40B | L40e | UB12 | UBI2 | ubiquitin-ribosomal 60S subunit protein L40B fusion protein |
Ubiquitin-ribosomal 60S subunit protein L40B fusion protein; cleaved to yield ubiquitin and ribosomal protein L40B; ubiquitin may facilitate assembly of the ribosomal protein into ribosomes; homologous to mammalian ribosomal protein L40, no bacterial homolog; RPL40B has a paralog, RPL40A, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YKL073W |
LHS1 |
CER1 | Hsp70 family chaperone LHS1 | SSI1 |
Molecular chaperone of the endoplasmic reticulum lumen; involved in polypeptide translocation and folding; nucleotide exchange factor for the ER lumenal Hsp70 chaperone Kar2p; regulated by the unfolded protein response pathway |
| YMR273C |
ZDS1 |
CES1 | CKM1 | NRC1 | OSS1 |
Protein with a role in regulating Swe1p-dependent polarized growth; involved in maintaining Cdc55p in the cytoplasm where it promotes mitotic entry; involved in mitotic exit through Cdc14p regulation; interacts with silencing proteins at telomeres; has a role in Bcy1p localization; implicated in mRNA nuclear export; ZDS1 has a paralog, ZDS2, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YML109W |
ZDS2 |
CES4 |
Protein with a role in regulating Swe1p-dependent polarized growth; involved in maintenance of Cdc55p in the cytoplasm where it promotes mitotic entry; interacts with silencing proteins at the telomere; implicated in the mitotic exit network through regulation of Cdc14p localization; ZDS2 has a paralog, ZDS1, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YPL228W |
CET1 |
CES5 | polynucleotide 5'-phosphatase |
RNA 5'-triphosphatase involved in mRNA 5' capping; subunit of mRNA capping enzyme, which is a heterotetramer composed of a Cet1p homodimer and two molecules of guanylyltransferase Ceg1p; Cet1p also has a role in regulation of RNAPII pausing at promoter-proximal sites; interaction between Cet1p and Ceg1p is required for Ceg1p nuclear import; mammalian enzyme is single bifunctional polypeptide; human homolog RNGTT can complement yeast cet1 null mutant |
| YHR060W |
VMA22 |
CEV1 | VPH6 |
Protein that is required for vacuolar H+-ATPase (V-ATPase) function; peripheral membrane protein; not an actual component of the V-ATPase complex; functions in the assembly of the V-ATPase; localized to the yeast endoplasmic reticulum (ER) |
| YJL076W |
NET1 |
CFI1 | ESC5 | SRM8 |
Core subunit of the RENT complex; involved in nucleolar silencing and telophase exit; stimulates transcription by RNA polymerase I and regulates nucleolar structure; NET1 has a paralog, TOF2, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YDR027C |
VPS54 |
CGP1 | LUV1 | TCS3 |
Component of the GARP (Golgi-associated retrograde protein) complex; GARP is required for the recycling of proteins from endosomes to the late Golgi, and for mitosis after DNA damage induced checkpoint arrest; potentially phosphorylated by Cdc28p; members of the GARP complex are Vps51p-Vps52p-Vps53p-Vps54p |
| YLL026W |
HSP104 |
chaperone ATPase HSP104 |
Disaggregase; heat shock protein that cooperates with Ydj1p (Hsp40) and Ssa1p (Hsp70) to refold and reactivate previously denatured, aggregated proteins; responsive to stresses including: heat, ethanol, and sodium arsenite; involved in [PSI+] propagation; protein becomes more abundant and forms cytoplasmic foci in response to DNA replication stress; potentiated Hsp104p variants decrease TDP-43 proteotoxicity by eliminating its cytoplasmic aggregation |
| YLR259C |
HSP60 |
chaperone ATPase HSP60 | CPN60 | MIF4 | MNA2 |
Tetradecameric mitochondrial chaperonin; required for ATP-dependent folding of precursor polypeptides and complex assembly; prevents aggregation and mediates protein refolding after heat shock; role in mtDNA transmission; phosphorylated |
| YDR258C |
HSP78 |
chaperone ATPase HSP78 |
Oligomeric mitochondrial matrix chaperone; cooperates with Ssc1p in mitochondrial thermotolerance after heat shock; able to prevent the aggregation of misfolded proteins as well as resolubilize protein aggregates |
| YGL231C |
EMC4 |
chaperone EMC4 |
Member of conserved ER transmembrane complex; required for efficient folding of proteins in the ER; null mutant displays induction of the unfolded protein response; homologous to worm ZK616.6/EMC-4 and fly CG11137; mutation is functionally complemented by human EMC4 |
| YBR072W |
HSP26 |
chaperone protein HSP26 |
Small heat shock protein (sHSP) with chaperone activity; forms hollow, sphere-shaped oligomers that suppress unfolded proteins aggregation; long-lived protein that is preferentially retained in mother cells and forms cytoplasmic foci; oligomer activation requires heat-induced conformational change; also has mRNA binding activity |
| YHR115C |
DMA1 |
CHF1 | ubiquitin-conjugating protein DMA1 |
Ubiquitin-protein ligase (E3); controls septin dynamics, spindle position checkpoint (SPOC) with ligase Dma2p by regulating recruitment of Elm1p to bud neck; regulates levels of eIF2 subunit Gcd11p, as well as abundance, localization, and ubiquitination of Cdk inhibitory kinase Swe1p; ubiquitinates cyclin Pcl1p; ortholog of human RNF8, similar to human Chfr; contains FHA, RING fingers; DMA1 has a paralog, DMA2, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YNL116W |
DMA2 |
CHF2 | ubiquitin-conjugating protein DMA2 |
Ubiquitin-protein ligase (E3); controls septin dynamics and spindle position checkpoint (SPOC) with ligase Dma1p by regulating recruitment of Elm1p to bud neck; regulates levels of eIF2 subunit Gcd11p, as well as abundance, localization, and ubiquitination of Cdk inhibitory kinase Swe1p; ortholog of human RNF8, similar to human Chfr; contains FHA and RING finger domains; DMA2 has a paralog, DMA1, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YBR110W |
ALG1 |
chitobiosyldiphosphodolichol beta-1,4 mannosyltransferase |
Mannosyltransferase; involved in asparagine-linked glycosylation in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER); essential for viability; human homolog ALG1 complements yeast null mutant |
| YFL008W |
SMC1 |
CHL10 | cohesin subunit SMC1 |
Subunit of the multiprotein cohesin complex; essential protein involved in chromosome segregation and in double-strand DNA break repair; SMC chromosomal ATPase family member, binds DNA with a preference for DNA with secondary structure |
| YMR078C |
CTF18 |
CHL12 |
Subunit of a complex with Ctf8p; shares some subunits with Replication Factor C and is required for sister chromatid cohesion; may have overlapping functions with Rad24p in the DNA damage replication checkpoint |
| YPR135W |
CTF4 |
CHL15 | chromatin-binding protein CTF4 | POB1 |
Chromatin-associated protein; required for sister chromatid cohesion; interacts with DNA polymerase alpha (Pol1p) and may link DNA synthesis to sister chromatid cohesion |
| YLR381W |
CTF3 |
CHL3 |
Outer kinetochore protein that forms a complex with Mcm16p and Mcm22p; may bind the kinetochore to spindle microtubules; required for the spindle assembly checkpoint; orthologous to human centromere constitutive-associated network (CCAN) subunit CENP-I and fission yeast mis6 |
| YKR035W-A |
DID2 |
CHM1 | FTI1 | VPL30 | VPS46 |
Class E protein of the vacuolar protein-sorting (Vps) pathway; binds Vps4p and directs it to dissociate ESCRT-III complexes; forms a functional and physical complex with Ist1p; human ortholog may be altered in breast tumors |
| YKL002W |
DID4 |
CHM2 | ESCRT-III subunit protein DID4 | GRD7 | REN1 | VPL2 | VPS14 | VPS2 | VPT14 |
Class E Vps protein of the ESCRT-III complex; required for sorting of integral membrane proteins into lumenal vesicles of multivesicular bodies, and for delivery of newly synthesized vacuolar enzymes to the vacuole, involved in endocytosis |
| YDR486C |
VPS60 |
CHM5 | MOS10 |
Protein involved in late endosome to vacuole transport; cytoplasmic and vacuolar membrane protein; required for normal filament maturation during pseudohyphal growth; may function in targeting cargo proteins for degradation; interacts with Vta1p |
| YMR077C |
VPS20 |
CHM6 | ESCRT-III subunit protein VPS20 | VPL10 | VPT20 |
Myristoylated subunit of the ESCRT-III complex; the endosomal sorting complex required for transport of transmembrane proteins into the multivesicular body pathway to the lysosomal/vacuolar lumen; cytoplasmic protein recruited to endosomal membranes |
| YPR060C |
ARO7 |
chorismate mutase ARO7 | HGS1 | OSM2 | TYR7 |
Chorismate mutase; catalyzes the conversion of chorismate to prephenate to initiate the tyrosine/phenylalanine-specific branch of aromatic amino acid biosynthesis |
| YGL173C |
XRN1 |
chromatin-binding exonuclease XRN1 | DST2 | KEM1 | RAR5 | SEP1 | SKI1 |
Evolutionarily-conserved 5'-3' exonuclease; component of cytoplasmic processing (P) bodies involved in mRNA decay; enters the nucleus and positively regulates transcription initiation and elongation; involved in microtubule-mediated processes, filamentous growth, ribosomal RNA maturation, and telomere maintenance; negative regulator of autophagy; activated by the scavenger decapping enzyme Dcs1p; expression regulated by Ash1p in rich conditions |
| YLR399C |
BDF1 |
chromatin-binding protein BDF1 |
Protein involved in transcription initiation; functions at TATA-containing promoters; associates with the basal transcription factor TFIID; contains two bromodomains; corresponds to the C-terminal region of mammalian TAF1; redundant with Bdf2p; BDF1 has a paralog, BDF2, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YDR217C |
RAD9 |
chromatin-binding protein RAD9 |
DNA damage-dependent checkpoint protein; required for cell-cycle arrest in G1/S, intra-S, and G2/M, plays a role in postreplication repair (PRR) pathway; transmits checkpoint signal by activating Rad53p and Chk1p; hyperphosphorylated by Mec1p and Tel1p; multiple cyclin dependent kinase consensus sites and the C-terminal BRCT domain contribute to DNA damage checkpoint activation; Rad9p Chk1 Activating Domain (CAD) is phosphorylated at multiple sites by Cdc28p/Clb2p |
| YMR039C |
SUB1 |
chromatin-binding transcription coactivator SUB1 | TSP1 |
Transcriptional regulator; facilitates elongation through factors that modify RNAP II; role in peroxide resistance involving Rad2p; role in nonhomologous end-joining (NHEJ) of ds breaks in plasmid DNA, but not chromosomal DNA; role in the hyperosmotic stress response through polymerase recruitment at RNAP II and RNAP III genes; negatively regulates sporulation; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress; functionally complemented by human SUB1 (PC4) |
| YDR448W |
ADA2 |
chromatin-binding transcription regulator ADA2 | SWI8 |
Transcription coactivator; component of the ADA and SAGA transcriptional adaptor/HAT (histone acetyltransferase) complexes |
| YMR236W |
TAF9 |
chromatin modification protein | TAF17 | TafII17 |
Subunit (17 kDa) of TFIID and SAGA complexes; involved in RNA polymerase II transcription initiation and in chromatin modification, similar to histone H3 |
| YBR198C |
TAF5 |
chromatin modification protein | TAF90 | TafII90 |
Subunit (90 kDa) of TFIID and SAGA complexes; involved in RNA polymerase II transcription initiation and in chromatin modification |
| YCL061C |
MRC1 |
chromatin-modulating protein MRC1 | YCL060C |
S-phase checkpoint protein required for DNA replication; couples DNA helicase and polymerase; interacts with and stabilizes Pol2p at stalled replication forks during stress, where it forms a pausing complex with Tof1p and is phosphorylated by Mec1p; defines a novel S-phase checkpoint with Hog1p that coordinates DNA replication and transcription upon osmostress; protects uncapped telomeres; Dia2p-dependent degradation mediates checkpoint recovery; mammalian claspin homolog |
| YER164W |
CHD1 |
chromatin-remodeling ATPase CHD1 |
Chromatin remodeler that regulates various aspects of transcription; acts in in conjunction with Isw1b to regulate chromatin structure and maintain chromatin integrity during transcription elongation by RNAP II by preventing trans-histone exchange over coding regions; contains a chromo domain, a helicase domain and a DNA-binding domain; component of both the SAGA and SLIK complexes |
| YGL150C |
INO80 |
chromatin-remodeling ATPase INO80 |
ATPase and nucleosome spacing factor; subunit of complex containing actin and actin-related proteins that has chromatin remodeling activity and 3' to 5' DNA helicase activity in vitro; promotes nucleosome shifts in the 3 prime direction; has a role in modulating stress gene transcription |
| YBR245C |
ISW1 |
chromatin-remodeling ATPase ISW1 | SGN2 |
ATPase subunit of imitation-switch (ISWI) class chromatin remodelers; with Ioc3p forms Isw1a complex involved in repression of transcription initiation; with Ioc2p and Ioc4p forms Isw1b complex involved in regulation of transcription elongation; Isw1b recruited to ORFs by H3K36 methylation and acts with Chd1p to prevent trans-histone exchange over coding regions; Isw1p import into nucleus depends on C-terminal bipartite nuclear targeting signal KRIR X19 KKAK |
| YGR116W |
SPT6 |
chromatin-remodeling histone chaperone SPT6 | CRE2 | SSN20 |
Nucleosome remodeling protein; functions in various aspects of transcription, chromatin maintenance, and RNA processing; required for the maintenance of chromatin structure during transcription in order to inhibit transcription from promoters within the coding region; required for H3K36 trimethylation but not dimethylation by Set2p |
| YDR334W |
SWR1 |
chromatin-remodeling protein SWR1 |
Swi2/Snf2-related ATPase; structural component of the SWR1 complex, which exchanges histone variant H2AZ (Htz1p) for chromatin-bound histone H2A; relocalizes to the cytosol in response to hypoxia; chronological aging factor that mediates lifespan extension by dietary restriction |
| YLR442C |
SIR3 |
chromatin-silencing protein SIR3 | CMT1 | MAR2 | STE8 |
Silencing protein; interacts with Sir2p, Sir4p, and histone H3/H4 tails to establish transcriptionally silent chromatin; required for spreading of silenced chromatin; recruited to chromatin through interaction with Rap1p; C-terminus assumes variant winged helix-turn-helix (wH) fold that mediates homodimerization, which is critical for holo-SIR complex loading; required for telomere hypercluster formation in quiescent yeast cells; has paralog ORC1 from whole genome duplication |
| YJL115W |
ASF1 |
CIA1 | nucleosome assembly factor ASF1 |
Nucleosome assembly factor; involved in chromatin assembly, disassembly; required for recovery after DSB repair; role in H3K56 acetylation required for expression homeostasis, buffering mRNA synthesis rate against gene dosage changes in S phase; anti-silencing protein, derepresses silent loci when overexpressed; role in regulating Ty1 transposition; relocalizes to cytosol under hypoxia; growth defect of asf1 null is functionally complemented by either human ASF1A or ASF1B |
| YER133W |
GLC7 |
CID1 | DIS2 | DIS2S1 | PP1 | type 1 serine/threonine-protein phosphatase catalytic subunit GLC7 |
Type 1 S/T protein phosphatase (PP1) catalytic subunit; involved in glycogen metabolism, sporulation and mitotic progression; interacts with multiple regulatory subunits; regulates actomyosin ring formation; subunit of CPF; recruited to mating projections by Afr1p interaction; regulates nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of Hxk2p; import into the nucleus is inhibited during spindle assembly checkpoint arrest; involved in dephosphorylating Rps6a/b and Bnr1p |
| YLR430W |
SEN1 |
CIK3 | NRD2 | putative DNA/RNA helicase SEN1 |
ATP-dependent 5' to 3' RNA/DNA and DNA helicase; subunit of the exosome-associated Nrd1p complex that mediates 3' end formation of snRNAs, snoRNAs, CUTs and some mRNAs; helicase-independent role in transcription-coupled repair; coordinates replication with transcription, associating with moving forks and preventing errors that occur when forks encounter transcribed regions; homolog of Senataxin, implicated in Ataxia-Oculomotor Apraxia 2 and a dominant form of juvenile ALS |
| YGL048C |
RPT6 |
CIM3 | CRL3 | proteasome regulatory particle base subunit RPT6 | SCB68 | SUG1 |
ATPase of the 19S regulatory particle of the 26S proteasome; one of six ATPases of the regulatory particle; involved in the degradation of ubiquitinated substrates; bound by ubiquitin-protein ligases Ubr1p and Ufd4p; localized mainly to the nucleus throughout the cell cycle; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress |
| YKL145W |
RPT1 |
CIM5 | proteasome regulatory particle base subunit RPT1 | YTA3 |
ATPase of the 19S regulatory particle of the 26S proteasome; one of six ATPases of the regulatory particle; involved in the degradation of ubiquitinated substrates; required for optimal CDC20 transcription; interacts with Rpn12p and Ubr1p; mutant has aneuploidy tolerance |
| YBL063W |
KIP1 |
CIN9 |
Kinesin-related motor protein; required for mitotic spindle assembly, chromosome segregation, and 2 micron plasmid partitioning; functionally redundant with Cin8p for chromosomal but not plasmid functions |
| YDR022C |
ATG31 |
CIS1 |
Autophagy-specific protein required for autophagosome formation; forms a complex with Atg17p and Atg29p that localizes other proteins to the pre-autophagosomal structure; constitutively phosphorylated, and phosphorylation of residue S174 is required for function; high-copy suppressor of CIK1 deletion |
| YLR299W |
ECM38 |
CIS2 | gamma-glutamyltransferase |
Gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase; major glutathione-degrading enzyme; involved in detoxification of electrophilic xenobiotics; expression induced mainly by nitrogen starvation |
| YNR001C |
CIT1 |
citrate (Si)-synthase CIT1 | CS1 | LYS6 |
Citrate synthase; catalyzes the condensation of acetyl coenzyme A and oxaloacetate to form citrate; the rate-limiting enzyme of the TCA cycle; nuclear encoded mitochondrial protein; CIT1 has a paralog, CIT2, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YCR005C |
CIT2 |
citrate (Si)-synthase CIT2 |
Citrate synthase, peroxisomal isozyme involved in glyoxylate cycle; catalyzes condensation of acetyl coenzyme A and oxaloacetate to form citrate; expression is controlled by Rtg1p and Rtg2p transcription factors; SCF-Ucc1 regulates level of Cit2p to maintain citrate homeostasis; oxaloacetate-dependent positive feedback loop inhibits Cit2p ubiquitination; CIT2 has a paralog, CIT1, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YPR001W |
CIT3 |
citrate (Si)-synthase CIT3 |
Dual specificity mitochondrial citrate and methylcitrate synthase; catalyzes the condensation of acetyl-CoA and oxaloacetate to form citrate and that of propionyl-CoA and oxaloacetate to form 2-methylcitrate |
| YFL029C |
CAK1 |
CIV1 | cyclin-dependent protein kinase-activating kinase CAK1 |
Cyclin-dependent kinase-activating kinase; required for passage through the cell cycle; phosphorylates and activates Cdc28p; nucleotide-binding pocket differs significantly from those of most other protein kinases |
| YHR135C |
YCK1 |
CKI2 | serine/threonine protein kinase YCK1 |
Palmitoylated plasma membrane-bound casein kinase I (CK1) isoform; shares redundant functions with Yck2p in morphogenesis, proper septin assembly, endocytic trafficking, and glucose sensing; stabilized by Sod1p binding in the presence of glucose and oxygen, causing glucose repression of respiratory metabolism; involved in the phosphorylation and regulation of glucose sensor Rgt2p; YCK1 has a paralog, YCK2, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YDR293C |
SSD1 |
CLA1 | MCS1 | mRNA-binding translational repressor SSD1 | RLT1 | SRK1 |
Translational repressor with a role in polar growth and wall integrity; regulated by Cbk1p phosphorylation to effect bud-specific translational control and localization of specific mRNAs; interacts with TOR pathway components; contains a functional N-terminal nuclear localization sequence and nucleocytoplasmic shuttling appears to be critical to Ssd1p function |
| YHR107C |
CDC12 |
CLA10 | PSL7 | septin CDC12 |
Component of the septin ring that is required for cytokinesis; septins are GTP-binding proteins that assemble into rod-like hetero-oligomers that can associate with other rods to form filaments; septin rings at the mother-bud neck act as scaffolds for recruiting cell division factors and as barriers to prevent diffusion of specific proteins between mother and daughter cells |
| YKL092C |
BUD2 |
CLA2 | ERC25 |
GTPase activating factor for Rsr1p/Bud1p; plays a role in spindle position checkpoint distinct from its role in bud site selection; required for both axial and bipolar budding patterns; mutants exhibit random budding in all cell types; contains two PH-like domains |
| YGL206C |
CHC1 |
clathrin heavy chain | SWA5 |
Clathrin heavy chain; subunit of the major coat protein involved in intracellular protein transport and endocytosis; the clathrin triskelion is a trimeric molecule composed of three heavy chains that radiate from a vertex and three light chains which bind noncovalently near the vertex of the triskelion; the light chain (CLC1) is thought to regulate function |
| YPR107C |
YTH1 |
cleavage polyadenylation factor RNA-binding subunit YTH1 |
Essential RNA-binding component of cleavage and polyadenylation factor; contains five zinc fingers; required for pre-mRNA 3'-end processing and polyadenylation; relocalizes to the cytosol in response to hypoxia |
| YLR115W |
CFT2 |
cleavage polyadenylation factor subunit CFT2 | YDH1 |
Subunit of the mRNA cleavage and polyadenlylation factor (CPF); required for pre-mRNA cleavage, polyadenylation and poly(A) site recognition, 43% similarity with the mammalian CPSF-100 protein. |
| YKL059C |
MPE1 |
cleavage polyadenylation factor subunit MPE1 |
Essential conserved subunit of CPF cleavage and polyadenylation factor; plays a role in 3' end formation of mRNA via the specific cleavage and polyadenylation of pre-mRNA; contains a ubiquitin-like (UBL) domain, a RNA-binding zinc knuckle motif and a RING finger domain; both the zinc knuckle and RING finger are required for pre-mRNA binding; possible role in ubiquitination of Pap1p; relocalizes to the cytosol in response to hypoxia |
| YNL317W |
PFS2 |
cleavage polyadenylation factor subunit PFS2 |
Integral subunit of the pre-mRNA CPF complex; the cleavage and polyadenylation factor (CPF) complex plays an essential role in mRNA 3'-end formation by bridging different processing factors and thereby promoting the assembly of the processing complex |
| YGR156W |
PTI1 |
cleavage polyadenylation factor subunit PTI1 |
Essential component of CPF (cleavage and polyadenylation factor); involved in 3' end formation of snoRNA and mRNA; interacts directly with Pta1p; relocalizes to the cytosol in response to hypoxia; similar to mammalian Cleavage-Stimulation Factor CstF-64 |
| YMR061W |
RNA14 |
cleavage polyadenylation factor subunit RNA14 |
Component of the cleavage and polyadenylation factor I (CF I); CF 1, composed of the CF 1A complex (Rna14p, Rna15p, Clp1p, Pcf11p) and Hrp1, is involved in cleavage and polyadenylation of mRNA 3' ends; bridges interaction between Rna15p and Hrp1p in the CF I complex; mutant displays reduced transcription elongation in the G-less-based run-on (GLRO) assay; required for gene looping and maintenance of genome stability; relocalizes to the cytosol in response to hypoxia |
| YOR179C |
SYC1 |
cleavage polyadenylation factor subunit SYC1 |
Subunit of the APT subcomplex of cleavage and polyadenylation factor; may have a role in 3' end formation of both polyadenylated and non-polyadenylated RNAs; SYC1 has a paralog, YSH1, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YLR248W |
RCK2 |
CLK1 | CMK3 | serine/threonine protein kinase RCK2 |
Protein kinase involved in response to oxidative and osmotic stress; identified as suppressor of S. pombe cell cycle checkpoint mutations; similar to CaM (calmodulin) kinases; RCK2 has a paralog, RCK1, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YKL119C |
VPH2 |
CLS10 | VMA12 |
Integral membrane protein required for V-ATPase function; not an actual component of the vacuolar H+-ATPase (V-ATPase) complex; functions in the assembly of the V-ATPase; localized to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER); involved in methionine restriction extension of chronological lifespan in an autophagy-dependent manner |
| YPR036W |
VMA13 |
CLS11 | H(+)-transporting V1 sector ATPase subunit H |
Subunit H of the V1 peripheral membrane domain of V-ATPase; part of the electrogenic proton pump found throughout the endomembrane system; serves as an activator or a structural stabilizer of the V-ATPase; the V1 peripheral membrane domain of the vacuolar H+-ATPase (V-ATPase) has eight subunits |
| YLR396C |
VPS33 |
CLS14 | MET27 | PEP14 | SLP1 | tethering complex ATP-binding subunit VPS33 | VAM5 | VPL25 | VPT33 |
ATP-binding protein that is a subunit of the HOPS and CORVET complexes; essential for protein sorting, vesicle docking, and fusion at the vacuole; binds to SNARE domains |
| YBR036C |
CSG2 |
CLS2 | mannosylinositol phosphorylceramide synthase regulatory subunit |
Endoplasmic reticulum membrane protein; required for mannosylation of inositolphosphorylceramide and for growth at high calcium concentrations; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress |
| YAL041W |
CDC24 |
CLS4 | Rho family guanine nucleotide exchange factor CDC24 |
Guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for Cdc42p; required for polarity establishment and maintenance, and mutants have morphological defects in bud formation and shmooing; relocalizes from nucleus to cytoplasm upon DNA replication stress; thermosensitivity of the cdc24-4 mutant in the presence of sorbitol is functionally complemented by human CDC42 |
| YOR122C |
PFY1 |
CLS5 | PRF1 | profilin |
Profilin; binds actin, phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate, and polyproline regions; involved in cytoskeleton organization; required for normal timing of actin polymerization in response to thermal stress; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress; highly conserved protein; human PFN1 (profilin 1) complements temperature sensitive pfy1 mutants, PFN1 mutations are a rare cause of ALS |
| YEL027W |
VMA3 |
CLS7 | CUP5 | GEF2 | H(+)-transporting V0 sector ATPase subunit c |
Proteolipid subunit c of the V0 domain of vacuolar H(+)-ATPase; dicyclohexylcarbodiimide binding subunit; required for vacuolar acidification and important for copper and iron metal ion homeostasis |
| YDL185W |
VMA1 |
CLS8 | H(+)-transporting V1 sector ATPase subunit A | TFP1 |
Subunit A of the V1 peripheral membrane domain of V-ATPase; protein precursor undergoes self-catalyzed splicing to yield the extein Tfp1p and the intein Vde (PI-SceI), which is a site-specific endonuclease; the V1 peripheral membrane domain of the vacuolar H+-ATPase (V-ATPase) has eight subunits; involved in methionine restriction extension of chronological lifespan in an autophagy-dependent manner |
| YPL234C |
VMA11 |
CLS9 | H(+)-transporting V0 sector ATPase subunit c' | TFP3 |
Vacuolar ATPase V0 domain subunit c'; involved in proton transport activity; hydrophobic integral membrane protein (proteolipid) containing four transmembrane segments; N and C termini are in the vacuolar lumen |
| YBL105C |
PKC1 |
CLY15 | CLY5 | CLY7 | HPO2 | protein kinase C | STT1 |
Protein serine/threonine kinase; essential for cell wall remodeling during growth; localized to sites of polarized growth and the mother-daughter bud neck; homolog of the alpha, beta, and gamma isoforms of mammalian protein kinase C (PKC) |
| YLR218C |
COA4 |
CMC3 |
Twin Cx(9)C protein involved in cytochrome c oxidase organization; organization includes assembly or stability; localizes to the mitochondrial intermembrane space via the Mia40p-Erv1p system; interacts genetically with CYC1 and with cytochrome c oxidase assembly factors |
| YNL307C |
MCK1 |
CMS1 | serine/threonine/tyrosine protein kinase MCK1 | YPK1 |
Dual-specificity ser/thr and tyrosine protein kinase; roles in chromosome segregation, meiotic entry, genome stability, phosphorylation-dependent protein degradation (Rcn1p and Cdc6p), inhibition of protein kinase A, transcriptional regulation, inhibition of RNA pol III, calcium stress and inhibition of Clb2p-Cdc28p after nuclear division; MCK1 has a paralog, YGK3, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YNL025C |
SSN8 |
CNC1 | CycC | cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase regulator SSN8 | GIG3 | NUT9 | RYE2 | SRB11 | UME3 |
Cyclin-like component of the RNA polymerase II holoenzyme; involved in phosphorylation of the RNA polymerase II C-terminal domain; forms a kinase-cyclin pair in the RNAPII holoenzyme with Ssn3p; required for both entry into and execution of the meiotic program; involved in glucose repression and telomere maintenance; cyclin homolog 35% identical to human cyclin C |
| YOR185C |
GSP2 |
CNR2 | Ran GTPase GSP2 |
GTP binding protein (mammalian Ranp homolog); involved in the maintenance of nuclear organization, RNA processing and transport; interacts with Kap121p, Kap123p and Pdr6p (karyophilin betas); not required for viability; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress; GSP2 has a paralog, GSP1, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YDL145C |
COP1 |
coatomer subunit alpha | RET1 | SEC33 | SOO1 |
Alpha subunit of COPI vesicle coatomer complex; complex surrounds transport vesicles in the early secretory pathway |
| YDR238C |
SEC26 |
coatomer subunit beta |
Essential beta-coat protein of the COPI coatomer; involved in ER-to-Golgi protein trafficking and maintenance of normal ER morphology; shares 43% sequence identity with mammalian beta-coat protein (beta-COP) |
| YGL137W |
SEC27 |
coatomer subunit beta' |
Essential beta'-coat protein of the COPI coatomer; involved in ER-to-Golgi and Golgi-to-ER transport; contains WD40 domains that mediate cargo selective interactions; 45% sequence identity to mammalian beta'-COP |
| YFR051C |
RET2 |
coatomer subunit delta |
Delta subunit of the coatomer complex (COPI); COPI coats Golgi-derived transport vesicles; involved in retrograde transport between Golgi and ER |
| YNL287W |
SEC21 |
coatomer subunit gamma |
Gamma subunit of coatomer; coatomer is a heptameric protein complex that together with Arf1p forms the COPI coat; involved in ER to Golgi transport of selective cargo |
| YPL010W |
RET3 |
coatomer subunit zeta |
Zeta subunit of the coatomer complex (COPI); COPI coats Golgi-derived transport vesicles; involved in retrograde transport between Golgi and ER |
| YOR057W |
SGT1 |
co-chaperone SGT1 | YOR29-08 |
Cochaperone protein; regulates activity of adenylyl cyclase Cyr1p; involved in kinetochore complex assembly; associates with the SCF (Skp1p/Cdc53p/F box protein) ubiquitin ligase complex; acts as a linker between Skp1p and HSP90 complexes; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress |
| YPR105C |
COG4 |
COD1 | Golgi transport complex subunit COG4 | SEC38 | SGF1 |
Essential component of the conserved oligomeric Golgi complex; a cytosolic tethering complex (Cog1p through Cog8p) that functions in protein trafficking to mediate fusion of transport vesicles to Golgi compartments |
| YEL031W |
SPF1 |
COD1 | ion-transporting P-type ATPase SPF1 | PER9 | PIO1 |
P-type ATPase, ion transporter of the ER membrane; required to maintain normal lipid composition of intracellular compartments and proper targeting of mitochondrial outer membrane tail-anchored proteins; involved in ER function and Ca2+ homeostasis; required for regulating Hmg2p degradation; confers sensitivity to a killer toxin (SMKT) produced by Pichia farinosa KK1 |
| YNL041C |
COG6 |
COD2 | Golgi transport complex subunit COG6 | SEC37 |
Component of the conserved oligomeric Golgi complex; a cytosolic tethering complex (Cog1p through Cog8p) that functions in protein trafficking to mediate fusion of transport vesicles to Golgi compartments |
| YGL223C |
COG1 |
COD3 | Golgi transport complex subunit COG1 | LDB11 | SEC36 |
Essential component of the conserved oligomeric Golgi complex; a cytosolic tethering complex (Cog1p through Cog8p) that functions in protein trafficking to mediate fusion of transport vesicles to Golgi compartments |
| YGL005C |
COG7 |
COD5 | Golgi transport complex subunit COG7 |
Component of the conserved oligomeric Golgi complex; a cytosolic tethering complex (Cog1p through Cog8p) that functions in protein trafficking to mediate fusion of transport vesicles to Golgi compartments |
| YDR180W |
SCC2 |
cohesin-loading factor complex subunit SCC2 |
Subunit of cohesin loading factor (Scc2p-Scc4p); a complex required for loading of cohesin complexes onto chromosomes; involved in establishing sister chromatid cohesion during DSB repair via histone H2AX; promotes gene expression program that supports translational fidelity; evolutionarily-conserved adherin; relocalizes to cytosol in response to hypoxia; human disorder Cornelia de Lange syndrome is caused by mutations in NIPBL, the human ortholog of SCC2 |
| YER147C |
SCC4 |
cohesin-loading factor complex subunit SCC4 |
Subunit of cohesin loading factor (Scc2p-Scc4p); complex is required for the loading of cohesin complexes onto chromosomes; involved in establishing sister chromatid cohesion during double-strand break repair via phosphorylated histone H2AX |
| YJL074C |
SMC3 |
cohesin subunit SMC3 |
Subunit of the multiprotein cohesin complex; required for sister chromatid cohesion in mitotic cells; also required, with Rec8p, for cohesion and recombination during meiosis; phylogenetically conserved SMC chromosomal ATPase family member |
| YGL086W |
MAD1 |
coiled-coil domain-containing protein MAD1 |
Coiled-coil protein involved in spindle-assembly checkpoint; required for inhibition of karyopherin/importin Pse1p (aka Kap121p) upon spindle assembly checkpoint arrest; phosphorylated by Mps1p upon checkpoint activation which leads to inhibition of anaphase promoting complex activity; forms a complex with Mad2p; gene dosage imbalance between MAD1 and MAD2 leads to chromosome instability |
| YGL175C |
SAE2 |
COM1 | ssDNA endodeoxyribonuclease SAE2 |
Endonuclease required for telomere elongation; required for telomeric 5' C-rich strand resection; involved in ds-break repair and processing hairpin DNA structures with the MRX complex; function requires sumoylation and phosphorylation; exists as inactive oligomers that are transiently released into smaller active units by phosphorylation; DNA damage triggers Sae2p removal, so active Sae2p is present only transiently; sequence and functional similarity with human CtIP/RBBP8 |
| YAR003W |
SWD1 |
COMPASS subunit protein SWD1 | CPS50 | FUN16 | SAF49 |
Subunit of the COMPASS (Set1C) complex; COMPASS methylates histone H3 on lysine 4 and is required in transcriptional silencing near telomeres; WD40 beta propeller superfamily member with similarity to mammalian Rbbp7 |
| YBL097W |
BRN1 |
condensin subunit BRN1 |
Subunit of the condensin complex; required for chromosome condensation and for clustering of tRNA genes at the nucleolus; may influence multiple aspects of chromosome transmission |
| YFR031C |
SMC2 |
condensin subunit SMC2 |
Subunit of the condensin complex; condensin reorganizes chromosomes during both mitosis and meiosis; essential SMC chromosomal ATPase family member that forms a subcomplex with Smc2p that has ATP-hydrolyzing and DNA-binding activity, but other condensin subunits are required for chromatin binding; required for clustering of tRNA genes at the nucleolus |
| YLR086W |
SMC4 |
condensin subunit SMC4 |
Subunit of the condensin complex; condensin reorganizes chromosomes during both mitosis and meiosis; forms a subcomplex with Smc2p that has ATP-hydrolyzing and DNA-binding activity, but other condensin subunits are required for chromatin binding; required for tRNA gene clustering at the nucleolus; potential Cdc28p substrate |
| YDR325W |
YCG1 |
condensin subunit YCG1 | TIE1 | YCS5 |
Subunit of the condensin complex; required for establishment and maintenance of chromosome condensation, chromosome segregation and chromatin binding by the complex; required for tRNA genes clustering at the nucleolus; required for replication slow zone breakage following Mec1p inactivation; transcription is cell cycle regulated, peaking in mitosis and declining in G1; protein is constitutively degraded by the proteasome; rate limiting for condensin recruitment to chromatin |
| YLR272C |
YCS4 |
condensin subunit YCS4 | LOC7 |
Subunit of the condensin complex; required for establishment and maintenance of chromosome condensation, chromosome segregation, chromatin binding of condensin, tRNA gene clustering at the nucleolus, and silencing at the mating type locus; required for replication slow zone (RSZ) breakage following Mec1p inactivation |
| YDL216C |
RRI1 |
COP9 signalosome catalytic subunit RRI1 | CSN5 | JAB1 |
Catalytic subunit of the COP9 signalosome (CSN) complex; acts as an isopeptidase in cleaving the ubiquitin-like protein Nedd8 from SCF ubiquitin ligases; metalloendopeptidase involved in the adaptation to pheromone signaling; involved in modulation of genes controlling amino acid and lipid metabolism, and ergosterol biosynthesis |
| YNL049C |
SFB2 |
COPII subunit SFB2 | ISS1 |
Component of the Sec23p-Sfb2p heterodimer of the COPII vesicle coat; required for cargo selection during vesicle formation in ER to Golgi transport; homologous to Sfb3p; SFB2 has a paralog, SEC24, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YNL259C |
ATX1 |
copper metallochaperone ATX1 |
Cytosolic copper metallochaperone; transports copper to the secretory vesicle copper transporter Ccc2p for eventual insertion into Fet3p, which is a multicopper oxidase required for high-affinity iron uptake; human homolog ATOX1 can complement yeast atx1 mutant; overexpression of human ATOX1 suppresses lysine auxotrophy of the yeast sod1 null mutant, as does overexpression of yeast ATX1 |
| YLL009C |
COX17 |
copper metallochaperone COX17 |
Copper metallochaperone that transfers copper to Sco1p and Cox11p; eventual delivery to cytochrome c oxidase; contains twin cysteine-x9-cysteine motifs; interacts with the MICOS complex, and interaction is promoted by copper ions; human homolog COX17 partially complements yeast null mutant |
| YDR044W |
HEM13 |
coproporphyrinogen oxidase |
Coproporphyrinogen III oxidase; oxygen-requiring enzyme that catalyzes sixth step in heme biosynthetic pathway; transcription is repressed by oxygen and heme (via Rox1p and Hap1p); human homolog CPOX can complement yeast mutant and allow growth of haploid null after sporulation of a heterozygous diploid |
| YPR191W |
QCR2 |
COR2 | ubiquinol--cytochrome-c reductase subunit 2 | UCR2 |
Subunit 2 of ubiquinol cytochrome-c reductase (Complex III); Complex III is a component of the mitochondrial inner membrane electron transport chain; phosphorylated; transcription is regulated by Hap1p, Hap2p/Hap3p, and heme |
| YFR033C |
QCR6 |
COR3 | ubiquinol--cytochrome-c reductase subunit 6 | UCR6 |
Subunit 6 of the ubiquinol cytochrome-c reductase complex; the complex, also known as the cytochrome bc(1) complex or Complex III, is a component of the mitochondrial inner membrane electron transport chain; highly acidic protein; required for maturation of cytochrome c1; may be loosely associated with the complex since it is easily released into the intermembrane space |
| YDR529C |
QCR7 |
COR4 | CRO1 | ubiquinol--cytochrome-c reductase subunit 7 | UCR7 |
Subunit 7 of ubiquinol cytochrome-c reductase (Complex III); Complex III is a component of the mitochondrial inner membrane electron transport chain; oriented facing the mitochondrial matrix; N-terminus appears to play a role in complex assembly |
| YJL166W |
QCR8 |
COR5 | ubiquinol--cytochrome-c reductase subunit 8 |
Subunit 8 of ubiquinol cytochrome-c reductase (Complex III); Complex III is a component of the mitochondrial inner membrane electron transport chain; oriented facing the intermembrane space; expression is regulated by Abf1p and Cpf1p |
| YGL054C |
ERV14 |
cornichon family protein |
COPII-coated vesicle protein; involved in vesicle formation and incorporation of specific secretory cargo; required for the delivery of bud-site selection protein Axl2p and Nha1p antiporter to cell surface; related to Drosophila cornichon; ERV14 has a paralog, ERV15, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YAL002W |
VPS8 |
CORVET complex membrane-binding subunit VPS8 | FUN15 | VPL8 | VPT8 |
Membrane-binding component of the CORVET complex; involved in endosomal vesicle tethering and fusion in the endosome to vacuole protein targeting pathway; interacts with Vps21p; contains RING finger motif |
| YDR495C |
VPS3 |
CORVET complex subunit VPS3 | PEP6 | VPL3 | VPT17 |
Component of CORVET membrane tethering complex; cytoplasmic protein required for the sorting and processing of soluble vacuolar proteins, acidification of the vacuolar lumen, and assembly of the vacuolar H+-ATPase |
| YCR044C |
PER1 |
COS16 |
Protein of the endoplasmic reticulum; required for GPI-phospholipase A2 activity that remodels the GPI anchor as a prerequisite for association of GPI-anchored proteins with lipid rafts; functionally complemented by human ortholog PERLD1 |
| YLR204W |
QRI5 |
COX24 | mS38 |
Mitochondrial inner membrane protein; required for accumulation of spliced COX1 mRNA; may have an additional role in translation of COX1 mRNA |
| YJL062W-A |
COA3 |
COX25 | RRG10 |
Mitochondrial protein required for cytochrome c oxidase assembly; also involved in translational regulation of Cox1p and prevention of Cox1p aggregation before assembly; located in the mitochondrial inner membrane |
| YPL048W |
CAM1 |
CPBP | TEF3 | translation elongation factor EF1B gamma |
One of two isoforms of the gamma subunit of eEF1B; stimulates the release of GDP from eEF1A (Tef1p/Tef2p) post association with the ribosomal complex with eEF1Balpha subunit; nuclear protein required for transcription of MXR1; binds the MXR1 promoter in the presence of other nuclear factors; binds calcium and phospholipids |
| YOL004W |
SIN3 |
CPE1 | GAM2 | RPD1 | SDI1 | SDS16 | transcriptional regulator SIN3 | UME4 |
Component of both the Rpd3S and Rpd3L histone deacetylase complexes; involved in transcriptional repression and activation of diverse processes, including mating-type switching and meiosis; involved in the maintenance of chromosomal integrity |
| YDR155C |
CPR1 |
CPH1 | CYP1 | peptidylprolyl isomerase CPR1 |
Cytoplasmic peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase (cyclophilin); catalyzes the cis-trans isomerization of peptide bonds N-terminal to proline residues; binds the drug cyclosporin A; N-terminally propionylated in vivo; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress |
| YHR042W |
NCP1 |
CPR1 |
NADP-cytochrome P450 reductase; involved in ergosterol biosynthesis; associated and coordinately regulated with Erg11p |
| YBR258C |
SHG1 |
CPS15 |
Subunit of the COMPASS (Set1C) complex; COMPASS methylates histone H3 on lysine 4 and is required in transcriptional silencing near telomeres |
| YDR469W |
SDC1 |
CPS25 | SAF19 |
Subunit of the COMPASS (Set1C) complex; COMPASS methylates lysine 4 of histone H3 and is required in chromatin silencing at telomeres; contains a Dpy-30 domain that mediates interaction with Bre2p; similar to C. elegans and human DPY-30 |
| YBR175W |
SWD3 |
CPS30 | SAF35 |
Essential subunit of the COMPASS (Set1C) complex; COMPASS methylates histone H3 on lysine 4 and is required in transcriptional silencing near telomeres; WD40 beta propeller superfamily member and ortholog of mammalian WDR5 |
| YPL138C |
SPP1 |
CPS40 | SAF41 |
Subunit of COMPASS (Set1C); a complex which methylates histone H3 on lysine 4 and is required in telomeric transcriptional silencing; promotes meiotic DSB formation by interacting with H3K4me3 and Rec107p, a protein required for Spo11p-catalyzed DSB formation located on chromosome axes; interacts with Orc2p; PHD finger domain protein similar to human CGBP, an unmethylated CpG binding protein; relocalizes to cytosol in response to hypoxia |
| YLR015W |
BRE2 |
CPS60 |
Subunit of COMPASS (Set1C) complex; COMPASS methylates Lys4 of histone H3 and functions in silencing at telomeres; has a C-terminal Sdc1 Dpy-30 Interaction (SDI) domain that mediates binding to Sdc1p; similar to trithorax-group protein ASH2L |
| YJL127C |
SPT10 |
CRE1 | SUD1 |
Histone H3 acetylase with a role in transcriptional regulation; sequence-specific activator of histone genes, binds specifically and cooperatively to pairs of UAS elements in core histone promoters, functions at or near TATA box; involved in S phase-specific acetylation of H3K56 at histone promoters, which is required for recruitment of SWI/SNF nucleosome remodeling complex and subsequent transcription |
| YNR048W |
— |
CRF1 | putative aminophospholipid translocase regulatory protein |
Potential noncatalytic subunit for phospholipid translocase Dnf3p; YNR048W has a paralog, CDC50, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YEL040W |
UTR2 |
CRH2 |
Chitin transglycosylase; functions in the transfer of chitin to beta(1-6) and beta(1-3) glucans in the cell wall; similar to and functionally redundant with Crh1; glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored protein localized to bud neck |
| YOR259C |
RPT4 |
CRL13 | PCS1 | proteasome regulatory particle base subunit RPT4 | SUG2 |
ATPase of the 19S regulatory particle of the 26S proteasome; one of six ATPases of the regulatory particle; involved in degradation of ubiquitinated substrates; contributes preferentially to ERAD; required for spindle pole body duplication; mainly nuclear localization |
| YJL001W |
PRE3 |
CRL21 | proteasome core particle subunit beta 1 |
Beta 1 subunit of the 20S proteasome; responsible for cleavage after acidic residues in peptides |
| YJR104C |
SOD1 |
CRS4 | superoxide dismutase SOD1 |
Cytosolic copper-zinc superoxide dismutase; detoxifies superoxide; stabilizes Yck1p and Yck2p kinases in glucose to repress respiration; phosphorylated by Dun1p, enters nucleus under oxidative stress to promote transcription of stress response genes; human ortholog SOD1 implicated in ALS complements a null allele; abundance increases under DNA replication stress and during exposure to boric acid; localization to mitochondrial intermembrane space is modulated by MICOS complex |
| YLR176C |
RFX1 |
CRT1 |
Major transcriptional repressor of DNA-damage-regulated genes; recruits repressors Tup1p and Cyc8p to their promoters; involved in DNA damage and replication checkpoint pathway; similar to a family of mammalian DNA binding RFX1-4 proteins |
| YJL210W |
PEX2 |
CRT1 | PAS5 | ubiquitin-protein ligase peroxin 2 |
RING-finger peroxin and E3 ubiquitin ligase; peroxisomal membrane protein with a C-terminal zinc-binding RING domain, forms translocation subcomplex with Pex10p and Pex12p which functions in peroxisomal matrix protein import |
| YGR180C |
RNR4 |
CRT3 | PSO3 | ribonucleotide-diphosphate reductase subunit RNR4 |
Ribonucleotide-diphosphate reductase (RNR) small subunit; the RNR complex catalyzes the rate-limiting step in dNTP synthesis and is regulated by DNA replication and DNA damage checkpoint pathways via localization of the small subunits; relocalizes from nucleus to cytoplasm upon DNA replication stress; RNR4 has a paralog, RNR2, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YJL026W |
RNR2 |
CRT6 | ribonucleotide-diphosphate reductase subunit RNR2 |
Ribonucleotide-diphosphate reductase (RNR), small subunit; the RNR complex catalyzes the rate-limiting step in dNTP synthesis and is regulated by DNA replication and DNA damage checkpoint pathways via localization of the small subunits; RNR2 has a paralog, RNR4, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YER070W |
RNR1 |
CRT7 | ribonucleotide-diphosphate reductase subunit RNR1 | RIR1 | SDS12 |
Major isoform of large subunit of ribonucleotide-diphosphate reductase; the RNR complex catalyzes rate-limiting step in dNTP synthesis, regulated by DNA replication and DNA damage checkpoint pathways via localization of small subunits; relative distribution to the nucleus increases upon DNA replication stress; RNR1 has a paralog, RNR3, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YBR112C |
CYC8 |
CRT8 | [OCT] | [OCT1+] | SSN6 | transcription regulator CYC8 |
General transcriptional co-repressor; acts together with Tup1p; also acts as part of a transcriptional co-activator complex that recruits the SWI/SNF and SAGA complexes to promoters; can form the prion [OCT+] |
| YOR074C |
CDC21 |
CRT9 | thymidylate synthase | TMP1 | YOR29-25 |
Thymidylate synthase; required for de novo biosynthesis of pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotides; expression is induced at G1/S; human homolog TYMSOS can complement yeast cdc21 temperature-sensitive mutant at restrictive temperature |
| YKL011C |
CCE1 |
cruciform cutting endonuclease | MGT1 |
Mitochondrial cruciform cutting endonuclease; cleaves Holliday junctions formed during recombination of mitochondrial DNA; CCE1 has a paralog, MRS1, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YJL191W |
RPS14B |
CRY2 | ribosomal 40S subunit protein S14B | rp59B | S11 | S14B | uS11 |
Protein component of the small (40S) ribosomal subunit; required for ribosome assembly and 20S pre-rRNA processing; mutations confer cryptopleurine resistance; homologous to mammalian ribosomal protein S14 and bacterial S11; RPS14B has a paralog, RPS14A, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YJL099W |
CHS6 |
CSD3 |
Member of the ChAPs (Chs5p-Arf1p-binding proteins) family; part of the exomer complex that mediates export of specific cargo proteins, including Chs3p, from the Golgi to the plasma membrane; primary component of the Chs5/6 complex that binds directly to membranes; CHS6 has a paralog, BCH2, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YGL244W |
RTF1 |
CSL3 |
Subunit of RNAPII-associated chromatin remodeling Paf1 complex; regulates gene expression by directing cotranscriptional histone modification, influences transcription and chromatin structure through several independent functional domains; directly or indirectly regulates DNA-binding properties of Spt15p and relative activities of different TATA elements; involved in transcription elongation as demonstrated by the G-less-based run-on (GLRO) assay |
| YKL080W |
VMA5 |
CSL5 | H(+)-transporting V1 sector ATPase subunit C | VAT3 |
Subunit C of the V1 peripheral membrane domain of V-ATPase; part of the electrogenic proton pump found throughout the endomembrane system; required for the V1 domain to assemble onto the vacuolar membrane; the V1 peripheral membrane domain of vacuolar H+-ATPase (V-ATPase) has eight subunits |
| YOL117W |
RRI2 |
CSN10 |
Subunit of the COP9 signalosome (CSN) complex; this complex cleaves the ubiquitin-like protein Nedd8 from SCF ubiquitin ligases; plays a role in the mating pheromone response |
| YIL071C |
PCI8 |
CSN11 | YIH1 | YIL071W |
Possible shared subunit of Cop9 signalosome (CSN) and eIF3; binds eIF3b subunit Prt1p, has possible dual functions in transcriptional and translational control, contains a PCI (Proteasome-COP9 signalosome (CSN)-eIF3) domain |
| YJR084W |
— |
CSN12 |
Protein that forms a complex with Thp3p; may have a role in transcription elongation and/or mRNA splicing; identified as a COP9 signalosome component but phenotype and interactions suggest it may not be involved with the signalosome |
| YGR044C |
RME1 |
CSP1 |
Zinc finger protein involved in control of meiosis; prevents meiosis by repressing IME1 expression and promotes mitosis by activating CLN2 expression; directly repressed by a1-alpha2 regulator; mediates cell type control of sporulation; relocalizes from nucleus to cytoplasm upon DNA replication stress |
| YBR158W |
AMN1 |
CST13 | ICS4 |
Modulator of cell separation and mitotic exit; inhibits separation through Ub-dependent Ace2p proteolysis; part of a daughter-specific switch induced by the mitotic exit network that inhibits exit and resets the cell cycle after the execution of MEN function, blocking Tem1p and Cdc15 association; required for chromosome stability and multiple mitotic checkpoints; regulated by SCF; haploid transcription regulated by Ste12p; contains 12 degenerate leucine-rich repeat motifs and an atypical F-box |
| YOR272W |
YTM1 |
CST14 |
Ribosomal assembly factor and 66S pre-ribosomal particle constituent; subunit of the Nop7-subcomplex (PeBoW complex), required for an early nucleolar step in pre-60S ribosomal particle maturation; interaction of its ubiquitin-like (UBL) domain with the MIDAS domain in the Rea1p tail triggers release of the subcomplex and possibly other biogenesis factors via cycles of ATP hydrolysis; involved in the processing of 27S pre-rRNA; contains an N-terminal UBL domain and seven C-terminal WD repeats |
| YKL117W |
SBA1 |
CST18 | Hsp90 cochaperone SBA1 |
Co-chaperone that binds and regulates Hsp90 family chaperones; plays a role in determining prion variants; important for pp60v-src activity in yeast; homologous to the mammalian p23 proteins, and like p23 can regulate telomerase activity; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress |
| YLR226W |
BUR2 |
CST4 |
Cyclin for the Sgv1p (Bur1p) protein kinase; Sgv1p and Bur2p comprise the CDK-cyclin BUR kinase complex which is involved in transcriptional regulation through its phosphorylation of the carboxy-terminal domain (CTD) of the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II (Rpo21p); BUR kinase is also involved in the recruitment of Spt6p to the CTD at the onset of transcription |
| YOR065W |
CYT1 |
CTC1 | ubiquinol--cytochrome-c reductase catalytic subunit CYT1 | YOR29-16 |
Cytochrome c1; component of the mitochondrial respiratory chain; expression is regulated by the heme-activated, glucose-repressed Hap2p/3p/4p/5p CCAAT-binding complex |
| YPL008W |
CHL1 |
CTF1 | LPA9 | MCM12 |
Probable DNA helicase; involved in sister-chromatid cohesion and genome integrity and interstrand cross-link repair; interacts with ECO1 and CTF18; mutants are defective in silencing, rDNA recombination, aging and the heat shock response; FANCJ-like helicase family member; mutations in the human homolog, DDX11/ChLR1, cause Warsaw breakage syndrome |
| YDR254W |
CHL4 |
CTF17 | MCM17 |
Outer kinetochore protein required for chromosome stability; involved in new kinetochore assembly and sister chromatid cohesion; forms a stable complex with Iml3p; peripheral component of the Ctf19 kinetochore complex that interacts with Ctf19p, Ctf3p, and Mif2p; required for the spindle assembly checkpoint; orthologous to human centromere constitutive-associated network (CCAN) subunit CENP-N and fission yeast mis15 |
| YDR318W |
MCM21 |
CTF5 |
Component of the kinetochore sub-complex COMA; COMA (Ctf19p, Okp1p, Mcm21p, Ame1p) bridges kinetochore subunits in contact with centromeric DNA with subunits bound to microtubules during kinetochore assembly; involved in minichromosome maintenance; modified by sumoylation; orthologous to human centromere constitutive-associated network (CCAN) subunit CENP-O and fission yeast mal2 |
| YFR027W |
ECO1 |
CTF7 |
Acetyltransferase; required for establishment of sister chromatid cohesion; acetylates Mps3p to regulate nuclear organization; modifies Smc3p at replication forks and Mcd1p in response to dsDNA breaks; phosphorylated by three kinases (Cdc28p, Cdc7p, Mck1p) to generate pair of phosphates spaced precisely for recognition by ubiquitin ligase SCF-Cdc4; mutations in human homolog ESCO2 cause Roberts syndrome; relative distribution to nucleus increases upon DNA replication stress |
| YLR136C |
TIS11 |
CTH2 |
mRNA-binding protein expressed during iron starvation; binds to a sequence element in the 3'-untranslated regions of specific mRNAs to mediate their degradation; involved in iron homeostasis; protein increases in abundance and relative distribution to the nucleus increases upon DNA replication stress; TIS11 has a paralog, CTH1, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YNL098C |
RAS2 |
CTN5 | CYR3 | GLC5 | Ras family GTPase RAS2 | TSL7 |
GTP-binding protein; regulates nitrogen starvation response, sporulation, and filamentous growth; farnesylation and palmitoylation required for activity and localization to plasma membrane; homolog of mammalian Ras proto-oncogenes; RAS2 has a paralog, RAS1, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YBL039C |
URA7 |
CTP synthase URA7 |
Major CTP synthase isozyme (see also URA8); catalyzes the ATP-dependent transfer of the amide nitrogen from glutamine to UTP, forming CTP, the final step in de novo biosynthesis of pyrimidines; involved in phospholipid biosynthesis; capable of forming cytoplasmic filaments termed cytoophidium, especially during conditions of glucose depletion; URA7 has a paralog, URA8, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YJR103W |
URA8 |
CTP synthase URA8 |
Minor CTP synthase isozyme (see also URA7); catalyzes the ATP-dependent transfer of the amide nitrogen from glutamine to UTP, forming CTP, the final step in de novo biosynthesis of pyrimidines; involved in phospholipid biosynthesis; capable of forming cytoplasmic filaments termed cytoophidium, especially during conditions of glucose depletion; URA8 has a paralog, URA7, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YML028W |
TSA1 |
cTPxI | thioredoxin peroxidase TSA1 | TPX1 | ZRG14 |
Thioredoxin peroxidase; acts as both ribosome-associated and free cytoplasmic antioxidant; self-associates to form high-molecular weight chaperone complex under oxidative stress; chaperone activity essential for growth in zinc deficiency; required for telomere length maintenance; binds and modulates Cdc19p activity; protein abundance increases, forms cytoplasmic foci during DNA replication stress; TSA1 has a paralog, TSA2, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YDR453C |
TSA2 |
cTPxII | thioredoxin peroxidase TSA2 |
Stress inducible cytoplasmic thioredoxin peroxidase; cooperates with Tsa1p in the removal of reactive oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur species using thioredoxin as hydrogen donor; deletion enhances the mutator phenotype of tsa1 mutants; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress; TSA2 has a paralog, TSA1, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YLR109W |
AHP1 |
cTPxIII | thioredoxin peroxidase AHP1 |
Thiol-specific peroxiredoxin; reduces hydroperoxides to protect against oxidative damage; function in vivo requires covalent conjugation to Urm1p |
| YGL077C |
HNM1 |
CTR1 |
Plasma membrane transporter for choline, ethanolamine, and carnitine; involved in the uptake of nitrogen mustard and the uptake of glycine betaine during hypersaline stress; co-regulated with phospholipid biosynthetic genes and negatively regulated by choline and myo-inositol |
| YER167W |
BCK2 |
CTR7 |
Serine/threonine-rich protein involved in PKC1 signaling pathway; protein kinase C (PKC1) signaling pathway controls cell integrity; overproduction suppresses pkc1 mutations |
| YDR270W |
CCC2 |
Cu(2+)-transporting P-type ATPase CCC2 |
Cu(+2)-transporting P-type ATPase; required for export of copper from the cytosol into an extracytosolic compartment; similar to human proteins involved in Menkes and Wilsons diseases; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress; affects TBSV model (+)RNA virus replication by regulating copper metabolism; human homologs ATP7A and ATP7B both complement yeast null mutant |
| YMR021C |
MAC1 |
CUA1 |
Copper-sensing transcription factor; involved in regulation of genes required for high affinity copper transport; required for regulation of yeast copper genes in response to DNA-damaging agents; undergoes changes in redox state in response to changing levels of copper or MMS |
| YBR037C |
SCO1 |
Cu-binding protein SCO1 | PET161 |
Copper-binding protein of mitochondrial inner membrane; required for cytochrome c oxidase activity and respiration; may function to deliver copper to cytochrome c oxidase; similar to thioredoxins; SCO1 has a paralog, SCO2, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YMR067C |
UBX4 |
CUI1 |
UBX domain-containing protein that interacts with Cdc48p; involved in degradation of polyubiquitinated proteins via the ERAD (ER-associated degradation) pathway; modulates the Cdc48p-Nplp-Ufd1p AAA ATPase complex during its role in delivery of misfolded proteins to the proteasome; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress |
| YJL048C |
UBX6 |
CUI2 |
UBX (ubiquitin regulatory X) domain-containing protein; interacts with Cdc48p, transcription is repressed when cells are grown in media containing inositol and choline; UBX6 has a paralog, UBX7, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YBR273C |
UBX7 |
CUI3 |
UBX (ubiquitin regulatory X) domain-containing protein; interacts with Cdc48p; UBX7 has a paralog, UBX6, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YJL047C |
RTT101 |
CUL8 | CULC | cullin RTT101 |
Cullin subunit of a Roc1p-dependent E3 ubiquitin ligase complex; role in anaphase progression; required for recovery after DSB repair; implicated in Mms22-dependent DNA repair; involved with Mms1p in nonfunctional rRNA decay; modified by the ubiquitin-like protein, Rub1p |
| YGR003W |
CUL3 |
CULB | CULLIN B | cullin CUL3 |
Ubiquitin-protein ligase; forms a complex with Elc1p that polyubiquitylates monoubiquitylated RNA polymerase II to trigger its proteolysis; cullin family member with similarity to Cdc53p and human CUL3 |
| YDL132W |
CDC53 |
cullin CDC53 |
Cullin; structural protein of SCF complexes (which also contain Skp1p, Cdc34p, Hrt1p and an F-box protein) involved in ubiquitination; SCF promotes the G1-S transition by targeting G1 cyclins and the Cln-CDK inhibitor Sic1p for degradation; human homolog CUL1 can complement yeast cdc53 null mutant |
| YHR055C |
CUP1-2 |
CUP1 | metallothionein CUP1 |
Metallothionein; binds copper and mediates resistance to high concentrations of copper and cadmium; locus is variably amplified in different strains, with two copies, CUP1-1 and CUP1-2, in the genomic sequence reference strain S288C; CUP1-2 has a paralog, CUP1-1, that arose from a segmental duplication |
| YHR053C |
CUP1-1 |
CUP1 | metallothionein CUP1 |
Metallothionein; binds copper and mediates resistance to high concentrations of copper and cadmium; locus is variably amplified in different strains, with two copies, CUP1-1 and CUP1-2, in the genomic sequence reference strain S288C; CUP1-1 has a paralog, CUP1-2, that arose from a segmental duplication |
| YER053C |
PIC2 |
Cu/Pi carrier |
Mitochondrial copper and phosphate carrier; imports copper and inorganic phosphate into mitochondria; functionally redundant with Mir1p but less abundant than Mir1p under normal conditions; expression is induced at high temperature |
| YEL060C |
PRB1 |
CVT1 | proteinase B |
Vacuolar proteinase B (yscB) with H3 N-terminal endopeptidase activity; serine protease of the subtilisin family; involved in protein degradation in the vacuole and required for full protein degradation during sporulation; activity inhibited by Pbi2p; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress; PRB1 has a paralog, YSP3, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YPL045W |
VPS16 |
CVT15 | SVL6 | tethering complex subunit VPS16 | VAM9 | VPT16 |
Subunit of the HOPS and the CORVET complexes; part of the Class C Vps complex essential for membrane docking and fusion at Golgi-to-endosome and endosome-to-vacuole protein transport stages |
| YBR131W |
CCZ1 |
CVT16 |
Subunit of a heterodimeric guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF); subunit of the Mon1-Ccz1 GEF complex, which stimulates nucleotide exchange and activation of Ypt7p, a Rab family GTPase involved in membrane tethering and fusion events at the late endosome and vacuole; GEF activity is stimulated by membrane association and anionic phospholipids; involved in localizing Ypt7p to the vacuolar membrane; required for macroautophagy, the CVT pathway and mitophagy |
| YOL082W |
ATG19 |
CVT19 |
Receptor protein for the cytoplasm-to-vacuole targeting (Cvt) pathway; delivers cargo proteins aminopeptidase I (Ape1p) and alpha-mannosidase (Ams1p) to the phagophore assembly site for packaging into Cvt vesicles; interaction with Atg19p during the Cvt pathway requires phosphorylation by Hrr25p |
| YDL113C |
ATG20 |
CVT20 | SNX42 |
Sorting nexin family member; required for the cytoplasm-to-vacuole targeting (Cvt) pathway and for endosomal sorting; has a Phox homology domain that binds phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate; interacts with Snx4p; potential Cdc28p substrate |
| YDL077C |
VAM6 |
CVT4 | VPL18 | VPL22 | VPS39 |
Guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the GTPase Gtr1p; subunit of the HOPS endocytic tethering complex; vacuole membrane protein; functions as a Rab GTPase effector, interacting with both GTP- and GDP-bound conformations of Ypt7p; facilitates tethering and promotes membrane fusion events at the late endosome and vacuole; required for both membrane and protein trafficking; component of vacuole-mitochondrion contacts (vCLAMPs) important for lipid transfer between organelles |
| YDR080W |
VPS41 |
CVT8 | FET2 | SVL2 | VAM2 | VPL20 |
Subunit of the HOPS endocytic tethering complex; vacuole membrane protein that functions as a Rab GTPase effector, interacting specifically with the GTP-bound conformation of Ypt7p, facilitating tethering, docking and promoting membrane fusion events at the late endosome and vacuole; required for both membrane and protein trafficking; Yck3p-mediated phosphorylation regulates the organization of vacuolar fusion sites |
| YCR063W |
BUD31 |
CWC14 | U2 snRNP complex subunit BUD31 |
Component of the SF3b subcomplex of the U2 snRNP; increases efficiency of first and second step pre-mRNA splicing; diploid mutants display a random budding pattern instead of the wild-type bipolar pattern; facilitates passage through G1/S Start, but is not required for G2/M transition or exit from mitosis |
| YKL095W |
YJU2 |
CWC16 | mRNA splicing protein YJU2 |
Essential protein required for pre-mRNA splicing; associates transiently with the spliceosomal NTC ("nineteen complex") and acts after Prp2p to promote the first catalytic reaction of splicing |
| YGL174W |
BUD13 |
CWC26 |
Subunit of the RES complex; RES complex is required for nuclear pre-mRNA retention and splicing; involved in bud-site selection; diploid mutants display a unipolar budding pattern instead of the wild-type bipolar pattern due to a specific defect in MATa1 pre-mRNA splicing which leads to haploid gene expression in diploids |
| YPL175W |
SPT14 |
CWH6 | GPI3 | phosphatidylinositol N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase SPT14 |
UDP-glycosyltransferase subunit of the GPI-GnT complex; UDP-GlcNAc-binding and catalytic subunit of the enzyme that mediates the first step in glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) biosynthesis, mutations cause defects in transcription and in biogenesis of cell wall proteins |
| YGR036C |
CAX4 |
CWH8 |
Dolichyl pyrophosphate (Dol-P-P) phosphatase; has a luminally oriented active site in the ER; cleaves the anhydride linkage in Dol-P-P; required for Dol-P-P-linked oligosaccharide intermediate synthesis and protein N-glycosylation |
| YMR199W |
CLN1 |
cyclin CLN1 |
G1 cyclin involved in regulation of the cell cycle; activates Cdc28p kinase to promote the G1 to S phase transition; late G1 specific expression depends on transcription factor complexes, MBF (Swi6p-Mbp1p) and SBF (Swi6p-Swi4p); CLN1 has a paralog, CLN2, that arose from the whole genome duplication; cell cycle arrest phenotype of the cln1 cln2 cln3 triple null mutant is complemented by any of human cyclins CCNA2, CCNB1, CCNC, CCND1, or CCNE1 |
| YPL256C |
CLN2 |
cyclin CLN2 |
G1 cyclin involved in regulation of the cell cycle; activates Cdc28p kinase to promote the G1 to S phase transition; late G1 specific expression depends on transcription factor complexes, MBF (Swi6p-Mbp1p) and SBF (Swi6p-Swi4p); CLN2 has a paralog, CLN1, that arose from the whole genome duplication; cell cycle arrest phenotype of the cln1 cln2 cln3 triple null mutant is complemented by any of human cyclins CCNA2, CCNB1, CCNC, CCND1, or CCNE1 |
| YBR135W |
CKS1 |
cyclin-dependent protein kinase regulatory subunit CKS1 |
Cyclin-dependent protein kinase regulatory subunit and adaptor; interacts with Cdc28p (aka Cdk1p); required for G1/S and G2/M phase transitions and budding; mediates phosphorylation and degradation of Sic1p; modulates proteolysis of M-phase targets through interactions with the proteasome; role in transcriptional regulation, recruiting proteasomal subunits to target gene promoters; human homologs CKS1B and CKS2 can each complement yeast cks1 null mutant |
| YJL157C |
FAR1 |
cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase inhibiting protein FAR1 |
CDK inhibitor and nuclear anchor; during the cell cycle Far1p sequesters the GEF Cdc24p in the nucleus; phosphorylation by Cdc28p-Cln results in SCFCdc4 complex-mediated ubiquitin-dependent degradation, releasing Cdc24p for export and activation of GTPase Cdc42p; in response to pheromone, phosphorylation of Far1p by MAPK Fus3p results in association with, and inhibition of Cdc28p-Cln, as well as Msn5p mediated nuclear export of Far1p-Cdc24p, targeting Cdc24p to polarity sites |
| YKL139W |
CTK1 |
cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase CTK1 |
Catalytic (alpha) subunit of C-terminal domain kinase I (CTDK-I); phosphorylates both RNA pol II subunit Rpo21p to affect transcription and pre-mRNA 3' end processing, and ribosomal protein Rps2p to increase translational fidelity; required for H3K36 trimethylation but not dimethylation by Set2p; suggested stimulatory role in 80S formation during translation initiation; similar to the Drosophila dCDK12 and human CDK12 and probably CDK13 |
| YPL031C |
PHO85 |
cyclin-dependent serine/threonine-protein kinase PHO85 | LDB15 | phoU |
Cyclin-dependent kinase; has ten cyclin partners; involved in regulating the cellular response to nutrient levels and environmental conditions and progression through the cell cycle; human lissencephaly-associated homolog CDK5 functionally complements null mutation |
| YAL012W |
CYS3 |
CYI1 | cystathionine gamma-lyase CYS3 | FUN35 | STR1 |
Cystathionine gamma-lyase; catalyzes one of the two reactions involved in the transsulfuration pathway that yields cysteine from homocysteine with the intermediary formation of cystathionine; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress |
| YPL242C |
IQG1 |
CYK1 |
Essential protein required for determination of budding pattern; promotes localization of axial markers Bud4p and Cdc12p and functionally interacts with Sec3p, localizes to the contractile ring during anaphase, member of the IQGAP family; relocalizes from bud neck to cytoplasm upon DNA replication stress |
| YMR032W |
HOF1 |
CYK2 | formin-binding protein HOF1 |
Protein that regulates actin cytoskeleton organization; required for cytokinesis, actin cable organization, and secretory vesicle trafficking; localized to bud neck; phosphorylated by Dbf2p; regulates actomyosin ring dynamics and septin localization; contains an SH3 domain; N terminus controls cell size and levels of actin cables, while C terminus controls actin cable organization via direct regulation of the formin Bnr1p |
| YHR057C |
CPR2 |
CYP2 | peptidylprolyl isomerase CPR2 |
Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase (cyclophilin); catalyzes the cis-trans isomerization of peptide bonds N-terminal to proline residues; potential role in the secretory pathway; seamless-GFP and mCherry fusion proteins localize to the vacuole, while SWAT-GFP fusion localizes to both the endoplasmic reticulum and vacuole; suppresses toxicity of slow-folding human Z-type alpha1-antitrypsin variant associated with liver cirrhosis and emphysema |
| YML078W |
CPR3 |
CYP3 | peptidylprolyl isomerase CPR3 |
Mitochondrial peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase (cyclophilin); catalyzes the cis-trans isomerization of peptide bonds N-terminal to proline residues; involved in protein refolding after import into mitochondria |
| YCR069W |
CPR4 |
CYP4 | peptidylprolyl isomerase family protein CPR4 | SCC3 | YCR070W |
Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase (cyclophilin); catalyzes the cis-trans isomerization of peptide bonds N-terminal to proline residues; has a potential role in the secretory pathway; CPR4 has a paralog, CPR8, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YLR216C |
CPR6 |
CYP40 | peptidylprolyl isomerase CPR6 |
Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase (cyclophilin); catalyzes the cis-trans isomerization of peptide bonds N-terminal to proline residues; plays a role in determining prion variants; binds to Hsp82p and contributes to chaperone activity; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress |
| YDR304C |
CPR5 |
CYP5 | peptidylprolyl isomerase family protein CPR5 |
Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase (cyclophilin) of the ER; catalyzes the cis-trans isomerization of peptide bonds N-terminal to proline residues; transcriptionally induced in response to unfolded proteins in the ER; CPR5 has a paralog, CPR2, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YHR007C |
ERG11 |
CYP51 | sterol 14-demethylase |
Lanosterol 14-alpha-demethylase; catalyzes C-14 demethylation of lanosterol to form 4,4''-dimethyl cholesta-8,14,24-triene-3-beta-ol in ergosterol biosynthesis pathway; transcriptionally down-regulated when ergosterol is in excess; member of cytochrome P450 family; associated and coordinately regulated with the P450 reductase Ncp1p; human CYP51A1 functionally complements the lethality of the erg11 null mutation |
| YGL184C |
STR3 |
cystathionine beta-lyase STR3 |
Peroxisomal cystathionine beta-lyase; converts cystathionine into homocysteine; may be redox regulated by Gto1p; involved in the release of the aromatic thiol 3-mercaptohexanol during wine fermentation |
| YGR155W |
CYS4 |
cystathionine beta-synthase CYS4 | NHS5 | STR4 | VMA41 |
Cystathionine beta-synthase; catalyzes synthesis of cystathionine from serine and homocysteine, the first committed step in cysteine biosynthesis; responsible for hydrogen sulfide generation; advances passage through START by promoting cell growth which requires catalytic activity, and reducing critical cell size independent of catalytic activity; mutations in human ortholog CBS cause homocystinuria; human CBS can complement yeast null mutant |
| YJR130C |
STR2 |
cystathionine gamma-synthase |
Cystathionine gamma-synthase, converts cysteine into cystathionine; STR2 has a paralog, YML082W, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YNL247W |
— |
cysteine--tRNA ligase |
Cysteinyl-tRNA synthetase; may interact with ribosomes, based on co-purification experiments; human gene CARS allows growth of the yeast haploid null mutant after sporulation of a heterozygous diploid |
| YLR245C |
CDD1 |
cytidine deaminase |
Cytidine deaminase; catalyzes the modification of cytidine to uridine in vitro but native RNA substrates have not been identified, localizes to both the nucleus and cytoplasm |
| YKL150W |
MCR1 |
cytochrome-b5 reductase |
Mitochondrial NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase; involved in ergosterol biosynthesis |
| YML125C |
PGA3 |
cytochrome-b5 reductase | NQR1 |
Putative cytochrome b5 reductase, localized to the plasma membrane; may be involved in regulation of lifespan; required for maturation of Gas1p and Pho8p, proposed to be involved in protein trafficking; PGA3 has a paralog, AIM33, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YJR048W |
CYC1 |
cytochrome c isoform 1 |
Cytochrome c, isoform 1; also known as iso-1-cytochrome c; electron carrier of mitochondrial intermembrane space that transfers electrons from ubiquinone-cytochrome c oxidoreductase to cytochrome c oxidase during cellular respiration; CYC1 has a paralog, CYC7, that arose from the whole genome duplication; human homolog CYC1 can complement yeast null mutant; mutations in human CYC1 cause insulin-responsive hyperglycemia |
| YEL039C |
CYC7 |
cytochrome c isoform 2 |
Cytochrome c isoform 2, expressed under hypoxic conditions; also known as iso-2-cytochrome c; electron carrier of the mitochondrial intermembrane space that transfers electrons from ubiquinone-cytochrome c oxidoreductase to cytochrome c oxidase during cellular respiration; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress; CYC7 has a paralog, CYC1, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YGL187C |
COX4 |
cytochrome c oxidase subunit IV |
Subunit IV of cytochrome c oxidase; the terminal member of the mitochondrial inner membrane electron transport chain; precursor N-terminal 25 residues are cleaved during mitochondrial import; phosphorylated; spermidine enhances translation |
| YNL052W |
COX5A |
cytochrome c oxidase subunit Va |
Subunit Va of cytochrome c oxidase; cytochrome c oxidase is the terminal member of the mitochondrial inner membrane electron transport chain; Cox5Ap is predominantly expressed during aerobic growth while its isoform Vb (Cox5Bp) is expressed during anaerobic growth; COX5A has a paralog, COX5B, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YIL111W |
COX5B |
cytochrome c oxidase subunit Vb |
Subunit Vb of cytochrome c oxidase; cytochrome c oxidase is the terminal member of the mitochondrial inner membrane electron transport chain; Cox5Bp is predominantly expressed during anaerobic growth while its isoform Va (Cox5Ap) is expressed during aerobic growth; COX5B has a paralog, COX5A, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YHR051W |
COX6 |
cytochrome c oxidase subunit VI |
Subunit VI of cytochrome c oxidase (Complex IV); Complex IV is the terminal member of the mitochondrial inner membrane electron transport chain; expression is regulated by oxygen levels |
| YLR038C |
COX12 |
cytochrome c oxidase subunit VIb |
Subunit VIb of cytochrome c oxidase; cytochrome c oxidase is also known as respiratory Complex IV and is the terminal member of the mitochondrial inner membrane electron transport chain; required for assembly of cytochrome c oxidase but not required for activity after assembly; phosphorylated; easily released from the intermembrane space, suggesting a loose association with Complex IV |
| YMR256C |
COX7 |
cytochrome c oxidase subunit VII |
Subunit VII of cytochrome c oxidase (Complex IV); Complex IV is the terminal member of the mitochondrial inner membrane electron transport chain |
| YDL067C |
COX9 |
cytochrome c oxidase subunit VIIa |
Subunit VIIa of cytochrome c oxidase (Complex IV); Complex IV is the terminal member of the mitochondrial inner membrane electron transport chain |
| YLR395C |
COX8 |
cytochrome c oxidase subunit VIII |
Subunit VIII of cytochrome c oxidase (Complex IV); Complex IV is the terminal member of the mitochondrial inner membrane electron transport chain |
| YKR066C |
CCP1 |
cytochrome-c peroxidase |
Mitochondrial cytochrome-c peroxidase; degrades reactive oxygen species in mitochondria, involved in the response to oxidative stress |
| YPR062W |
FCY1 |
cytosine deaminase | yCD |
Cytosine deaminase; zinc metalloenzyme that catalyzes the hydrolytic deamination of cytosine to uracil; of biomedical interest because it also catalyzes the deamination of 5-fluorocytosine (5FC) to form anticancer drug 5-fluorouracil (5FU) |
| YBL007C |
SLA1 |
cytoskeletal protein-binding protein SLA1 |
Cytoskeletal protein binding protein; required for assembly of the cortical actin cytoskeleton; interacts with proteins regulating actin dynamics and proteins required for endocytosis; found in the nucleus and cell cortex; has 3 SH3 domains |
| YBL016W |
FUS3 |
DAC2 | mitogen-activated serine/threonine-protein kinase FUS3 |
Mitogen-activated serine/threonine protein kinase involved in mating; phosphoactivated by Ste7p; substrates include Ste12p, Far1p, Bni1p, Sst2p; inhibits invasive growth during mating by phosphorylating Tec1p, promoting its; inhibits recruitment of Ste5p, Cdc42p-mediated asymmetry and mating morphogenesis |
| YMR275C |
BUL1 |
DAG1 | RDS1 | SMM2 | ubiquitin-ubiquitin ligase BUL1 |
Ubiquitin-binding component of the Rsp5p E3-ubiquitin ligase complex; disruption causes temperature-sensitive growth, overexpression causes missorting of amino acid permeases; BUL1 has a paralog, BUL2, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YEL066W |
HPA3 |
D-amino-acid N-acetyltransferase |
D-Amino acid N-acetyltransferase that detoxifies D-amino acids; catalyzes N-acetylation of D-amino acids through ordered bi-bi mechanism in which acetyl-CoA is first substrate bound and CoA is last product liberated; acetylates histones and polyamines, also autoacetylates |
| YDL022W |
GPD1 |
DAR1 | glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (NAD(+)) GPD1 | HOR1 | OSG1 | OSR5 |
NAD-dependent glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; key enzyme of glycerol synthesis, essential for growth under osmotic stress; expression regulated by high-osmolarity glycerol response pathway; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress; constitutively inactivated via phosphorylation by the protein kinases Ypk1p and Ypk2p, dephosphorylation increases catalytic activity; forms a heterodimer with Pnc1p to facilitate its peroxisomal import |
| YML086C |
ALO1 |
D-arabinono-1,4-lactone oxidase |
D-Arabinono-1,4-lactone oxidase; catalyzes the final step in biosynthesis of dehydro-D-arabinono-1,4-lactone, which is protective against oxidative stress |
| YBR149W |
ARA1 |
D-arabinose 1-dehydrogenase (NAD(P)(+)) ARA1 |
NADP+ dependent arabinose dehydrogenase; involved in carbohydrate metabolism; purified as homodimer; naturally occurs with a N-terminus degradation product |
| YHR165C |
PRP8 |
DBF3 | DNA39 | RNA8 | SLT21 | U4/U6-U5 snRNP complex subunit PRP8 | USA2 |
Component of U4/U6-U5 snRNP complex; involved in second catalytic step of splicing; participates in spliceosomal assembly through its interaction with U1 snRNA; largest and most evolutionarily conserved protein of the spliceosome; mutations in human ortholog, PRPF8, cause Retinitis pigmentosa and missplicing in Myelodysplastic syndrome; mouse ortholog interacts with androgen receptor and may have a role in prostate cancer |
| YIR011C |
STS1 |
DBF8 | SSM5 |
Protein required for localizing proteasomes to the nucleus; involved in cotranslational protein degradation; mediates interaction between nuclear import factor Srp1p and the proteasome; Sts1p and Srp1p couple proteasomes to nascent polypeptides emerging from the ribosome for cotranslational degradation; involved in ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation |
| YDR419W |
RAD30 |
DBH1 | DNA-directed DNA polymerase eta |
DNA polymerase eta; involved in translesion synthesis during post-replication repair; catalyzes the synthesis of DNA opposite cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers and other lesions; involved in formation of post-replicative damage-induced genome-wide cohesion; may also have a role in protection against mitochondrial mutagenesis; mutations in human pol eta are responsible for XPV |
| YOR127W |
RGA1 |
DBM1 | THE1 |
GTPase-activating protein for polarity-establishment protein Cdc42p; implicated in control of septin organization, pheromone response, and haploid invasive growth; relocalizes from bud neck to cytoplasm upon DNA replication stress; RGA1 has a paralog, RGA2, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YJL033W |
HCA4 |
DBP4 | ECM24 | RNA-dependent ATPase HCA4 |
DEAD box RNA helicase; component of the SSU; interacts with Bfr2p and Enp2p; high-copy number suppression of a U14 snoRNA processing mutant suggests an involvement in 18S rRNA synthesis |
| YEL015W |
EDC3 |
DCP3 | LSM16 |
Non-essential conserved protein with a role in mRNA decapping; specifically affects the function of the decapping enzyme Dcp1p; mediates decay of the RPS28B mRNA via binding to both Rps28Bp (or Rps28Ap) and the RPS28B mRNA; mediates decay of the YRA1 mRNA by a different, translation-independent mechanism; localizes to cytoplasmic mRNA processing bodies; forms cytoplasmic foci upon DNA replication stress |
| YMR135C |
GID8 |
DCR1 | glucose-induced degradation complex subunit GID8 |
Subunit of GID Complex, binds strongly to central component Vid30p; GID Complex is involved in proteasome-dependent catabolite inactivation of fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase; recruits Rmd5p, Fyv10 and Vid28p to GID Complex; contains LisH, CTLH, and CRA domains that mediate binding to Vid30p (LisH) and Rmd5p and Vid28p (CTLH and CRA); dosage-dependent regulator of START |
| YDR499W |
LCD1 |
DDC2 | PIE1 |
Essential protein required for the DNA integrity checkpoint pathways; interacts physically with Mec1p; putative homolog of S. pombe Rad26 and human ATRIP; forms nuclear foci upon DNA replication stress |
| YOL052C-A |
DDR2 |
DDRA2 | YOL053C-A |
Multi-stress response protein; expression is activated by a variety of xenobiotic agents and environmental or physiological stresses; DDR2 has a paralog, HOR7, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YNL112W |
DBP2 |
DEAD-box ATP-dependent RNA helicase DBP2 |
ATP-dependent RNA helicase of the DEAD-box protein family; has strong preference for dsRNA; interacts with YRA1; required for assembly of Yra1p, Nab2p and Mex67p onto mRNA and formation of nuclear mRNP; involved in mRNA decay and rRNA processing; may be involved in suppression of transcription from cryptic initiation sites |
| YBR237W |
PRP5 |
DEAD-box RNA helicase PRP5 | RNA5 |
RNA helicase in the DEAD-box family; necessary for prespliceosome formation, bridges U1 and U2 snRNPs and enables stable U2 snRNP association with intron RNA |
| YER013W |
PRP22 |
DEAH-box ATP-dependent RNA helicase PRP22 |
DEAH-box RNA-dependent ATPase/ATP-dependent RNA helicase; associates with lariat intermediates before the second catalytic step of splicing; mediates ATP-dependent mRNA release from the spliceosome and unwinds RNA duplexes; required for proofreading the exon ligation reaction |
| YGL120C |
PRP43 |
DEAH-box ATP-dependent RNA helicase PRP43 | JA1 |
RNA helicase in the DEAH-box family; functions in both RNA polymerase I and polymerase II transcript metabolism; catalyzes removal of U2, U5, and U6 snRNPs from the postsplicing lariat-intron ribonucleoprotein complex; required for efficient biogenesis of both small- and large-subunit rRNAs; acts with Sqs1p to promote 20S to 18S rRNA processing catalyzed by endonuclease Nob1p |
| YNR011C |
PRP2 |
DEAH-box RNA-dependent ATPase PRP2 | RNA2 |
RNA-dependent DExD/H-box ATPase; required for activation of spliceosome before first transesterification step in RNA splicing; implicated in rearranging and proofreading snRNA structure in catalytic activation of spliceosome; ortholog of human protein DHX16 |
| YKR086W |
PRP16 |
DEAH-box RNA helicase PRP16 | PRP23 | RNA16 |
DEAH-box RNA helicase involved in second catalytic step of splicing and in exon ligation; exhibits ATP-dependent RNA unwinding activity; mediates the release of Yju2p and Cwc25p in the second step; in the absence of ATP, stabilizes the binding of Cwc25p to the spliceosome in the first catalytic step; missense mutation in human ortholog DHX38 associated with early-onset retinitis pigmentosa |
| YOL076W |
MDM20 |
DEC1 | NAA25 |
Non-catalytic subunit of the NatB N-terminal acetyltransferase; NatB catalyzes N-acetylation of proteins with specific N-terminal sequences; involved in mitochondrial inheritance and actin assembly |
| YNL118C |
DCP2 |
decapping enzyme complex catalytic subunit | PSU1 |
Catalytic subunit of Dcp1p-Dcp2p decapping enzyme complex; removes 5' cap structure from mRNAs prior to their degradation; also enters nucleus and positively regulates transcription initiation; nudix hydrolase family member; forms cytoplasmic foci upon DNA replication stress; human homolog DCP2 complements yeast dcp2 thermosensitive mutant |
| YGL246C |
RAI1 |
decapping nuclease |
Nuclear protein with decapping endonuclease activity; targets mRNAs with unmethylated 7-methylguanosine cap structures and 5'-triphosphates; binds to and stabilizes the exoribonuclease Rat1p; required for pre-rRNA processing; relocalizes to the cytosol in response to hypoxia; homologous to human DOM3Z |
| YJL110C |
GZF3 |
DEH1 | NIL2 |
GATA zinc finger protein; negatively regulates nitrogen catabolic gene expression by competing with Gat1p for GATA site binding; function requires a repressive carbon source; dimerizes with Dal80p and binds to Tor1p; GZF3 has a paralog, DAL80, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YNL280C |
ERG24 |
delta(14)-sterol reductase |
C-14 sterol reductase; acts in ergosterol biosynthesis; mutants accumulate the abnormal sterol ignosterol (ergosta-8,14 dienol), and are viable under anaerobic growth conditions but inviable on rich medium under aerobic conditions |
| YGL012W |
ERG4 |
delta(24(24(1)))-sterol reductase |
C-24(28) sterol reductase; catalyzes the final step in ergosterol biosynthesis; mutants are viable, but lack ergosterol |
| YBR163W |
EXO5 |
DEM1 |
Mitochondrial 5'-3' exonuclease and sliding exonuclease; required for mitochondrial genome maintenance; distantly related to the RecB nuclease domain of bacterial RecBCD recombinases; may be regulated by the transcription factor Ace2 |
| YHR144C |
DCD1 |
deoxycytidine monophosphate deaminase |
Deoxycytidine monophosphate (dCMP) deaminase; involved in dUMP and dTMP biosynthesis; expression is NOT cell cycle regulated |
| YOR346W |
REV1 |
deoxycytidyl transferase |
Deoxycytidyl transferase; involved in repair of abasic sites and adducted guanines in damaged DNA by translesion synthesis (TLS); forms a complex with the subunits of DNA polymerase zeta, Rev3p and Rev7p; relocalizes from nucleus to cytoplasm upon DNA replication stress |
| YHR068W |
DYS1 |
deoxyhypusine synthase |
Deoxyhypusine synthase; catalyzes formation of deoxyhypusine, the first step in hypusine biosynthesis; triggers posttranslational hypusination of translation elongation factor eIF-5A and regulates its intracellular levels; tetrameric; human homolog DHPS allows growth of yeast haploid dys1 null mutant after sporulation of heterozygous diploid |
| YOR386W |
PHR1 |
deoxyribodipyrimidine photo-lyase PHR1 |
DNA photolyase involved in photoreactivation; repairs pyrimidine dimers in the presence of visible light; induced by DNA damage; regulated by transcriptional repressor Rph1p |
| YMR022W |
UBC7 |
DER2 | E2 ubiquitin-conjugating protein UBC7 | QRI8 |
Ubiquitin conjugating enzyme; involved in the ER-associated protein degradation (ERAD) pathway and in the inner nuclear membrane-associated degradation (INMAD) pathway; requires Cue1p for recruitment to the ER membrane; proposed to be involved in chromatin assembly |
| YOL013C |
HRD1 |
DER3 | E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase HRD1 |
Ubiquitin-protein ligase involved in ER-associated degradation (ERAD) of misfolded proteins; upon autoubiquitination triggers retrotranslocation of misfolded proteins to cytosol for degradation; genetically linked to the unfolded protein response (UPR); regulated through association with Hrd3p; contains an H2 ring finger; likely plays a general role in targeting proteins that persistently associate with and potentially obstruct the ER-localized translocon |
| YGL066W |
SGF73 |
deubiquitination module subunit SGF73 | SCA7 |
Subunit of DUBm module of SAGA and SLIK; has roles in anchoring deubiquitination module (DUBm) into SAGA and SLIK complexes, maintaining organization and ubiquitin-binding conformation of Ubp8p, thereby contributing to overall DUBm activity; involved in preinitiation complex assembly at promoters; relocalizes to cytosol under hypoxia; human homolog ATXN7 implicated in spinocerebellar ataxia, and can complement yeast null mutant |
| YDL160C |
DHH1 |
DExD/H-box ATP-dependent RNA helicase DHH1 |
Cytoplasmic DEAD-box helicase, stimulates mRNA decapping; coordinates distinct steps in mRNA function and decay, interacting with both decapping and deadenylase complexes; role in translational repression, mRNA decay, and possibly mRNA export; interacts and cooperates with Ngr1p to promote specific mRNA decay; ATP- and RNA-bound form promotes processing body (PB) assembly, while ATPase stimulation by Not1p promotes PB disassembly; forms cytoplasmic foci on replication stress |
| YER149C |
PEA2 |
DFG9 | PPF2 |
Coiled-coil 12S polarisome subunit; required for polarity establishment, apical bud growth, shmoo formation, filamentous differentiation; involved in Bni1p localization at sites of polarized growth, controlling polarized assembly of actin cables; role in apical growth affects diploid-specific bipolar bud site selection; retains Slt2p at bud tip to regulate ER inheritance; role in Ca2+ influx, cell fusion; S288C allele encoding Leu409 rather than Met linked with non-invasion |
| YKL008C |
LAC1 |
DGT1 | sphingosine N-acyltransferase LAC1 |
Ceramide synthase component; involved in synthesis of ceramide from C26(acyl)-coenzyme A and dihydrosphingosine or phytosphingosine, functionally equivalent to Lag1p; LAC1 has a paralog, LAG1, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YKR054C |
DYN1 |
DHC1 | dynein heavy chain | PAC6 |
Cytoplasmic heavy chain dynein; microtubule motor protein; member of the AAA+ protein family, required for anaphase spindle elongation; involved in spindle assembly, chromosome movement, and spindle orientation during cell division, targeted to microtubule tips by Pac1p; motility along microtubules inhibited by She1p |
| YOR375C |
GDH1 |
DHE4 | GDHA | GDH-A | glutamate dehydrogenase (NADP(+)) GDH1 | URE1 |
NADP(+)-dependent glutamate dehydrogenase; synthesizes glutamate from ammonia and alpha-ketoglutarate; rate of alpha-ketoglutarate utilization differs from Gdh3p; expression regulated by nitrogen and carbon sources; GDH1 has a paralog, GDH3, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YGR251W |
NOP19 |
DHI1 |
Ribosome biogenesis factor; nucleolar protein associated with pre-rRNA components of the 90S preribosome, required for cleavage of pre-rRNA at A0, A1 and A2 sites; interacts with RNA helicase Dhr2p and RNA helicase-like protein Utp25p; required for incorporation of Utp25p into preribosomes |
| YOR033C |
EXO1 |
DHS1 | Rad2 family nuclease EXO1 |
5'-3' exonuclease and flap-endonuclease; involved in recombination, double-strand break repair, MMS2 error-free branch of the post replication (PRR) pathway and DNA mismatch repair; role in telomere maintenance; member of the Rad2p nuclease family, with conserved N and I nuclease domains; relative distribution to the nucleus increases upon DNA replication stress; EXO1 has a paralog, DIN7, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YNL130C |
CPT1 |
diacylglycerol cholinephosphotransferase |
Cholinephosphotransferase; required for phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis and for inositol-dependent regulation of EPT1 transcription; CPT1 has a paralog, EPT1, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YOR311C |
DGK1 |
diacylglycerol kinase | HSD1 |
Diacylglycerol kinase; localized to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER); overproduction induces enlargement of ER-like membrane structures and suppresses a temperature-sensitive sly1 mutation; contains a CTP transferase domain |
| YOR245C |
DGA1 |
diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase |
Diacylglycerol acyltransferase; catalyzes the terminal step of triacylglycerol (TAG) formation, acylates diacylglycerol using acyl-CoA as an acyl donor; Lro1p and Dga1p can O-acylate ceramides; localized to lipid particles |
| YLR025W |
SNF7 |
DID1 | ESCRT-III subunit protein SNF7 | RNS4 | VPL5 | VPS32 |
One of four subunits of the ESCRT-III complex; involved in the sorting of transmembrane proteins into the multivesicular body (MVB) pathway; recruited from the cytoplasm to endosomal membranes; ESCRT-III stands for endosomal sorting complex required for transport III |
| YKL041W |
VPS24 |
DID3 | ESCRT-III subunit protein VPS24 | VPL26 |
One of four subunits of the ESCRT-III complex; forms an endosomal sorting complex required for transport III (ESCRT-III) subcomplex with Did4p; involved in the sorting of transmembrane proteins into the multivesicular body (MVB) pathway |
| YNR006W |
VPS27 |
DID7 | ESCRT-0 subunit protein VPS27 | GRD11 | SSV17 | VPL23 | VPT27 |
Endosomal protein that forms a complex with Hse1p; required for recycling Golgi proteins, forming lumenal membranes and sorting ubiquitinated proteins destined for degradation; has Ubiquitin Interaction Motifs which bind ubiquitin (Ubi4p) |
| YDR123C |
INO2 |
DIE1 | SCS1 |
Transcription factor; component of the heteromeric Ino2p/Ino4p basic helix-loop-helix transcription activator that binds inositol/choline-responsive elements (ICREs), required for derepression of phospholipid biosynthetic genes in response to inositol depletion; involved in diauxic shift |
| YOR236W |
DFR1 |
dihydrofolate reductase |
Dihydrofolate reductase involved in tetrahydrofolate biosynthesis; required for respiratory metabolism; mutation is functionally complemented by human DHFR |
| YMR113W |
FOL3 |
dihydrofolate synthase |
Dihydrofolate synthetase, involved in folic acid biosynthesis; catalyzes conversion of dihydropteroate to dihydrofolate in folate coenzyme biosynthesis; FOL3 has a paralog, RMA1, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YFL018C |
LPD1 |
dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase | HPD1 |
Dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase; the lipoamide dehydrogenase component (E3) of the pyruvate dehydrogenase and 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase multi-enzyme complexes; PDH complex is concentrated in spots within the mitochondrial matrix, often near the ERMES complex and near peroxisomes; LPD1 has a paralog, IRC15, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YNL071W |
LAT1 |
dihydrolipoyllysine-residue acetyltransferase | ODP2 | PDA2 |
Dihydrolipoamide acetyltransferase component (E2) of the PDC; the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC) catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA |
| YLR420W |
URA4 |
dihydroorotase |
Dihydroorotase; catalyzes the third enzymatic step in the de novo biosynthesis of pyrimidines, converting carbamoyl-L-aspartate into dihydroorotate |
| YKL216W |
URA1 |
dihydroorotate dehydrogenase |
Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase; catalyzes the fourth enzymatic step in the de novo biosynthesis of pyrimidines, converting dihydroorotic acid into orotic acid |
| YML070W |
DAK1 |
dihydroxyacetone kinase |
Dihydroxyacetone kinase; required for detoxification of dihydroxyacetone (DHA); involved in stress adaptation |
| YJR016C |
ILV3 |
dihydroxy-acid dehydratase ILV3 |
Dihydroxyacid dehydratase; catalyzes third step in the common pathway leading to biosynthesis of branched-chain amino acids |
| YMR280C |
CAT8 |
DIL1 | DNA-binding transcription factor CAT8 | MSP8 |
Zinc cluster transcriptional activator; necessary for derepression of a variety of genes under non-fermentative growth conditions, active after diauxic shift, binds carbon source responsive elements; relative distribution to the nucleus increases upon DNA replication stress |
| YOR035C |
SHE4 |
DIM1 |
Protein containing a UCS (UNC-45/CRO1/SHE4) domain; binds to myosin motor domains to regulate myosin function; involved in endocytosis, polarization of the actin cytoskeleton, and asymmetric mRNA localization |
| YIR006C |
PAN1 |
DIM2 | MDP3 | MIP3 |
Part of actin cytoskeleton-regulatory complex Pan1p-Sla1p-End3p; associates with actin patches on cell cortex; promotes protein-protein interactions essential for endocytosis; binds to and activates Arp2/3 complex in vitro; phosphorylation of Thr-1225 is regulated by MAPK Hog1p in response to osmotic stress; previously thought to be a subunit of poly(A) ribonuclease |
| YIL066C |
RNR3 |
DIN1 | ribonucleotide-diphosphate reductase subunit RNR3 | RIR3 |
Minor isoform of large subunit of ribonucleotide-diphosphate reductase; the RNR complex catalyzes rate-limiting step in dNTP synthesis, regulated by DNA replication and DNA damage checkpoint pathways via localization of small subunits; RNR3 has a paralog, RNR1, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YOL057W |
— |
dipeptidyl-peptidase III |
Dipeptidyl-peptidase III; cleaves dipeptides from the amino terminus of target proteins; highly active on synthetic substrate Arg-Arg-2-naphthylamide; mammalian ortholog may be a biomarker for some cancers |
| YNR043W |
MVD1 |
diphosphomevalonate decarboxylase MVD1 | ERG19 |
Mevalonate pyrophosphate decarboxylase; essential enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of isoprenoids and sterols, including ergosterol; acts as a homodimer |
| YLR143W |
DPH6 |
diphthine--ammonia ligase |
Diphthamide synthetase; catalyzes the last amidation step of diphthamide biosynthesis using ammonium and ATP; evolutionarily conserved in eukaryotes; dph6 mutants exhibit diphthine accumulation and resistance to sordarin, which is indicative of defects in diphthamide formation on EF2; green fluorescent protein (GFP)-tagged protein localizes to the cytoplasm; DPH6/YLR143W is not an essential gene |
| YLR172C |
DPH5 |
diphthine synthase |
Methyltransferase required for synthesis of diphthamide; diphthamide is a modified histidine residue of translation elongation factor 2 (Eft1p or Eft2p); not essential for viability; GFP-Dph5p fusion protein localizes to the cytoplasm |
| YOR191W |
ULS1 |
DIS1 | RIS1 | TID4 | translocase ULS1 |
Swi2/Snf2-related translocase, SUMO-Targeted Ubiquitin Ligase (STUbL); required for maintenance of NHEJ inhibition at telomeres; functions at telomeres to translocate and ubiquitinylate poly-sumoylated Rap1p for proteosomal degradation; plays role in antagonizing silencing during mating-type switching; only known STUbL with a translocase activity; contains RING finger domain; relocalizes from nucleus to cytoplasm upon DNA replication stress |
| YCL035C |
GRX1 |
dithiol glutaredoxin GRX1 |
Glutathione-dependent disulfide oxidoreductase; hydroperoxide and superoxide-radical responsive, heat-stable, with active site cysteine pair; protects cells from oxidative damage; GRX1 has a paralog, GRX2, that arose from the whole genome duplication; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress |
| YDR513W |
GRX2 |
dithiol glutaredoxin GRX2 | TTR1 |
Cytoplasmic glutaredoxin; thioltransferase, glutathione-dependent disulfide oxidoreductase involved in maintaining redox state of target proteins, also exhibits glutathione peroxidase activity, expression induced in response to stress; GRX2 has two in-frame start codons resulting in a shorter isoform that is retained in the cytosol and a longer form translocated to the mitochondrial matrix; GRX2 has a paralog, GRX1, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YDL193W |
NUS1 |
ditrans,polycis-polyprenyl diphosphate synthase |
Forms dehydrodolichyl diphosphate syntase complex with RER2 or SRT1; tet-repressible mutant shows accumulation of hypoglycosylated forms of CPY, suggesting that Nus1p may be involved in protein trafficking; mutations in human homolog NUS1 have been implicated in congenital scoliosis, neurological impairment, refractory epilepsy, hearing deficit, and visual impairment; human cis-prenyltransferase complex complements yeast null mutant |
| YBR002C |
RER2 |
ditrans,polycis-polyprenyl diphosphate synthase |
Forms the dehydrodolichyl diphosphate syntase (DDS) complex with NUS1; major enzyme of polyprenol synthesis in both the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and in lipid droplets; participates in ER protein sorting; human ortholog DHDDS functionally complements the heat sensitive growth defect of a ts allele, and is associated with retinitis pigmentosa |
| YLR178C |
TFS1 |
DKA1 |
Inhibitor of carboxypeptidase Y (Prc1p), and Ras GAP (Ira2p); phosphatidylethanolamine-binding protein (PEBP) family member and ortholog of hPEBP1/RKIP, a natural metastasis suppressor; targets to vacuolar membranes during stationary phase; acetylated by NatB N-terminal acetyltransferase; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress |
| YDL174C |
DLD1 |
D-lactate dehydrogenase |
Major mitochondrial D-lactate dehydrogenase; oxidizes D-lactate to pyruvate, transcription is heme-dependent, repressed by glucose, and derepressed in ethanol or lactate; located in the mitochondrial inner membrane |
| YEL071W |
DLD3 |
D-lactate dehydrogenase |
2-hydroxyglutarate transhydrogenase, and minor D-lactate dehydrogenase; converts D-2-hydroxyglutarate (D-2HG), an oncometabolite, to alpha-ketoglutarate in the presence of FAD, with concomitant reduction of pyruvate to D-lactate; minor lactate dehydrogenase activity; component of the retrograde regulon that consists of genes whose expression are stimulated by damage to mitochondria and reduced in cells grown with glutamate as the sole nitrogen source; located in the cytoplasm |
| YPL144W |
POC4 |
DMP1 | PBA4 |
Component of a heterodimeric Poc4p-Irc25p chaperone; involved in assembly of alpha subunits into the 20S proteasome; may regulate formation of proteasome isoforms with alternative subunits under different conditions; upregulates proteasome assembly in response to the unfolded protein response activated by mistargeting of proteins (UPRam) |
| YGR150C |
CCM1 |
DMR1 | RRG2 |
Mitochondrial 15S rRNA-binding protein; required for intron removal of COB and COX1 pre-mRNAs; has separable roles in stabilizing mitochondrial 15S rRNA and in maturation of the COB and COX1 mRNAs; contains pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) motifs; mutant is respiratory deficient and has defective plasma membrane electron transport |
| YIL150C |
MCM10 |
DNA43 |
Essential chromatin-associated protein; involved in initiation of DNA replication; required for association of MCM2-7 complex with replication origins; required to stabilize catalytic subunit of DNA polymerase-alpha; self-associates through its N-terminal domain |
| YDR052C |
DBF4 |
DNA52 | LSD7 | protein serine/threonine kinase activating protein DBF4 |
Regulatory subunit of Cdc7p-Dbf4p kinase complex; required for Cdc7p kinase activity and initiation of DNA replication; phosphorylates the Mcm2-7 family of proteins; cell cycle regulated; relative distribution to the nucleus increases upon DNA replication stress; co-expression of human CDC7 and DBF4 complements single cdc7 or dbf4 null mutations or the cdc7 dbf4 double null mutation |
| YOR258W |
HNT3 |
DNA 5'-adenosine monophosphate hydrolase |
DNA 5' AMP hydrolase involved in DNA repair; member of the histidine triad (HIT) superfamily of nucleotide-binding proteins; homolog of Aprataxin, a Hint related protein that is mutated in individuals with ataxia with oculomotor apraxia; relative distribution to nuclear foci decreases upon DNA replication stress |
| YDR054C |
CDC34 |
DNA6 | SCF E2 ubiquitin-protein ligase catalytic subunit CDC34 | UBC3 |
Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme (E2); catalytic subunit of SCF ubiquitin-protein ligase complex (together with Skp1p, Rbx1p, Cdc53p, and an F-box protein) that regulates cell cycle progression by targeting key substrates for degradation; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress; human CDC34 functionally complements the thermosensitivity of the cdc34-2 mutant |
| YKL114C |
APN1 |
DNA-(apurinic or apyrimidinic site) lyase APN1 |
Major apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease; 3'-repair diesterase; involved in repair of DNA damage by oxidation and alkylating agents; also functions as a 3'-5' exonuclease to repair 7,8-dihydro-8-oxodeoxyguanosine; genetically interacts with NTG1 to maintain mitochondrial genome integrity |
| YBL019W |
APN2 |
DNA-(apurinic or apyrimidinic site) lyase APN2 | ETH1 |
Class II abasic (AP) endonuclease involved in repair of DNA damage; homolog of human HAP1 and E. coli exoIII |
| YGL131C |
SNT2 |
DNA-binding E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase SNT2 |
Subunit of Snt2C complex, RING finger ubiquitin ligase (E3); physically associates with Ecm5p and Rpd3p; along with Ecm5p, recruits Rpd3p to small number of promoters; colocalizes with Ecm5p, independently of Rpd3p, to promoters of stress response genes upon oxidative stress; involved in ubiquitination, degradation of excess histones; interacts with Ubc4p; role in regulating genes encoding amine transporters; relocalizes from nucleus to cytoplasm upon DNA replication stress |
| YMR072W |
ABF2 |
DNA-binding protein ABF2 | HM | mtTFA | p19 |
Mitochondrial DNA-binding protein; involved in mitochondrial DNA replication and recombination, member of HMG1 DNA-binding protein family; activity may be regulated by protein kinase A phosphorylation; ABF2 has a paralog, IXR1, that arose from the whole genome duplication; human homolog TFAM can complement yeast abf2 mutant, rescuing the loss-of-mitochondrial DNA phenotype in a yeast abf2 strain |
| YBR049C |
REB1 |
DNA-binding protein REB1 | GRF2 |
RNA polymerase I enhancer binding protein; DNA binding protein that binds to genes transcribed by both RNA polymerase I and RNA polymerase II; required for termination of RNA polymerase I transcription; Reb1p bound to DNA acts to block RNA polymerase II readthrough transcription |
| YBR275C |
RIF1 |
DNA-binding protein RIF1 |
Protein that binds to the Rap1p C-terminus; acts synergistically with Rif2p to help control telomere length and establish telomeric silencing; involved in control of DNA replication; contributes to resection of DNA double strand breaks (DSBs); deletion results in telomere elongation |
| YAL027W |
SAW1 |
DNA-binding protein SAW1 |
5'- and 3'-flap DNA binding protein; recruits Rad1p-Rad10p to single-strand annealing intermediates with 3' non-homologous tails for removal during double-strand break repair; complexes with Rad1p-Rad10p and stimulates its endonuclease activity; green fluorescent protein (GFP)-fusion protein localizes to the nucleus |
| YLR131C |
ACE2 |
DNA-binding transcription factor ACE2 |
Transcription factor required for septum destruction after cytokinesis; phosphorylation by Cbk1p blocks nuclear exit during M/G1 transition, causing localization to daughter cell nuclei, and also increases Ace2p activity; phosphorylation by Cdc28p and Pho85p prevents nuclear import during cell cycle phases other than cytokinesis; part of RAM network that regulates cellular polarity and morphogenesis; ACE2 has a paralog, SWI5, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YDR216W |
ADR1 |
DNA-binding transcription factor ADR1 |
Carbon source-responsive zinc-finger transcription factor; required for transcription of the glucose-repressed gene ADH2, of peroxisomal protein genes, and of genes required for ethanol, glycerol, and fatty acid utilization |
| YGL071W |
AFT1 |
DNA-binding transcription factor AFT1 | RCS1 |
Transcription factor involved in iron utilization and homeostasis; binds consensus site PyPuCACCCPu and activates transcription in response to changes in iron availability; in iron-replete conditions localization is regulated by Grx3p, Grx4p, and Fra2p, and promoter binding is negatively regulated via Grx3p-Grx4p binding; AFT1 has a paralog, AFT2, that arose from the whole genome duplication; relative distribution to the nucleus increases upon DNA replication stress |
| YNL027W |
CRZ1 |
DNA-binding transcription factor CRZ1 | HAL8 | TCN1 |
Transcription factor, activates transcription of stress response genes; nuclear localization is positively regulated by calcineurin-mediated dephosphorylation; rapidly localizes to the nucleus under blue light stress; can be activated in stochastic pulses of nuclear localization in response to calcium |
| YNL216W |
RAP1 |
DNA-binding transcription factor RAP1 | GRF1 | TBA1 | TUF1 |
Essential DNA-binding transcription regulator that binds many loci; involved in transcription activation, repression, chromatin silencing, telomere length maintenance; relocalizes to cytosol under hypoxia; conserved protein with N-terminal BRCT domain, central region with homology to Myb DNA binding domain, and C-terminal Rap1-specific protein-interaction domain (RCT domain); recruits Sir complex to telomeric DNA; present in quiescent cell telomere hyperclusters |
| YDR146C |
SWI5 |
DNA-binding transcription factor SWI5 |
Transcription factor that recruits Mediator and Swi/Snf complexes; activates transcription of genes expressed at the M/G1 phase boundary and in G1 phase; required for expression of the HO gene controlling mating type switching; localization to nucleus occurs during G1 and appears to be regulated by phosphorylation by Cdc28p kinase; SWI5 has a paralog, ACE2, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YML007W |
YAP1 |
DNA-binding transcription factor YAP1 | PAR1 | PDR4 | SNQ3 |
Basic leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factor; required for oxidative stress tolerance; activated by H2O2 through the multistep formation of disulfide bonds and transit from the cytoplasm to the nucleus; Yap1p is degraded in the nucleus after the oxidative stress has passed; mediates resistance to cadmium; relative distribution to the nucleus increases upon DNA replication stress; YAP1 has a paralog, CAD1, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YKL185W |
ASH1 |
DNA-binding transcription repressor ASH1 |
Component of the Rpd3L histone deacetylase complex; zinc-finger inhibitor of HO transcription; mRNA is localized and translated in the distal tip of anaphase cells, resulting in accumulation of Ash1p in daughter cell nuclei and inhibition of HO expression; potential Cdc28p substrate |
| YKL032C |
IXR1 |
DNA-binding transcription repressor IXR1 | ORD1 |
Transcriptional repressor that regulates hypoxic genes during normoxia; involved in the aerobic repression of genes such as COX5b, TIR1, and HEM13; binds DNA intrastrand cross-links formed by cisplatin; HMG (high mobility group box) domain containing protein which binds and bends cisplatin-modified DNA, blocking excision repair; IXR1 has a paralog, ABF2, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YMR173W |
DDR48 |
DNA damage-responsive protein 48 | FSP |
DNA damage-responsive protein; expression is increased in response to heat-shock stress or treatments that produce DNA lesions; contains multiple repeats of the amino acid sequence NNNDSYGS; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress |
| YKL054C |
DEF1 |
DNA damage-responsive RNA polymerase-degradation factor DEF1 | VID31 |
RNAPII degradation factor; forms a complex with Rad26p in chromatin, enables ubiquitination and proteolysis of RNAPII present in an elongation complex; mutant is deficient in Zip1p loading onto chromosomes during meiosis |
| YAL019W |
FUN30 |
DNA-dependent ATPase FUN30 |
Snf2p family member with ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling activity; has a role in silencing at the mating type locus, telomeres and centromeres; enriched at centromeres and is required for correct chromatin structure around centromeres, as well as at the boundary element of the silent HMR; recruited to DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) where it promotes 5' strand resection of DSBs; potential Cdc28p substrate |
| YJR035W |
RAD26 |
DNA-dependent ATPase RAD26 |
Protein involved in transcription-coupled nucleotide excision repair; repairs UV-induced DNA lesions; recruitment to DNA lesions is dependent on an elongating RNA polymerase II; homolog of human CSB protein |
| YGL163C |
RAD54 |
DNA-dependent ATPase RAD54 | XRS1 |
DNA-dependent ATPase that stimulates strand exchange; modifies the topology of double-stranded DNA; involved in the recombinational repair of double-strand breaks in DNA during vegetative growth and meiosis; member of the SWI/SNF family of DNA translocases; forms nuclear foci upon DNA replication stress |
| YBR073W |
RDH54 |
DNA-dependent ATPase RDH54 | TID1 |
DNA-dependent ATPase; DNA recombination/repair translocase, supercoils DNA and promotes DNA strand opening; stimulates strand exchange by modifying dsDNA topology; involved in recombinational repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) during mitosis and meiosis; phosphorylated in Mec1p-, Rad53p-dependent way in response to one DSB; contributes to remodelling of nucleosomes; proposed to be involved in crossover interference; interacts with Dmc1p; stimulates Dmc1p and Rad51p |
| YEL055C |
POL5 |
DNA-directed DNA polymerase |
DNA Polymerase phi; has sequence similarity to the human MybBP1A and weak sequence similarity to B-type DNA polymerases, not required for chromosomal DNA replication; required for the synthesis of rRNA |
| YBL035C |
POL12 |
DNA-directed DNA polymerase alpha subunit POL12 |
B subunit of DNA polymerase alpha-primase complex; required for initiation of DNA replication during mitotic and premeiotic DNA synthesis; also functions in telomere capping and length regulation |
| YJR006W |
POL31 |
DNA-directed DNA polymerase delta subunit POL31 | HUS2 | HYS2 | SDP5 |
Subunit of DNA polymerase delta (polymerase III); essential for cell viability; involved in DNA replication and DNA repair; forms a complex with Rev3p, Rev7p and Pol32p; relocalizes to the cytosol in response to hypoxia |
| YOR330C |
MIP1 |
DNA-directed DNA polymerase gamma MIP1 |
Mitochondrial DNA polymerase gamma; single subunit of mitochondrial DNA polymerase in yeast, in contrast to metazoan complex of catalytic and accessory subunits; polymorphic in yeast, petites occur more frequently in some lab strains; human ortholog POLG complements yeast mip1 mutant; mutations in human POLG associated with Alpers-Huttenlocher syndrome (AHS), progressive external ophthalmoplegia (PEO), parkinsonism, other mitochondrial diseases |
| YFL036W |
RPO41 |
DNA-directed RNA polymerase |
Mitochondrial RNA polymerase; single subunit enzyme similar to those of T3 and T7 bacteriophages; requires a specificity subunit encoded by MTF1 for promoter recognition; Mtf1p interacts with and stabilizes the Rpo41p-promoter complex, enhancing DNA bending and melting to facilitate pre-initiation open complex formation; Rpo41p also synthesizes RNA primers for mitochondrial DNA replication |
| YPR110C |
RPC40 |
DNA-directed RNA polymerase core subunit RPC40 | RPC5 |
RNA polymerase subunit AC40; common to RNA polymerase I and III; predominant determinant targeting Ty1 integration upstream of Pol III-transcribed genes |
| YPR190C |
RPC82 |
DNA-directed RNA polymerase III subunit C82 | RPC3 | RPC80 |
RNA polymerase III subunit C82 |
| YLR032W |
RAD5 |
DNA helicase RAD5 | REV2 | SNM2 |
DNA helicase/Ubiquitin ligase; involved in error-free DNA damage tolerance (DDT), replication fork regression during postreplication repair by template switching, error-prone translesion synthesis; promotes synthesis of free and PCNA-bound polyubiquitin chains by Ubc13p-Mms2p; forms nuclear foci upon DNA replication stress; associates with native telomeres, cooperates with homologous recombination in senescent cells; human homolog HLTF can complement yeast null mutant |
| YJL092W |
SRS2 |
DNA helicase SRS2 | HPR5 | RADH | RADH1 |
DNA helicase and DNA-dependent ATPase; role in DNA repair and checkpoint recovery, in the proper timing of commitment to meiotic recombination and the Meiosis I to II transition; blocks trinucleotide repeat expansion; affects genome stability; disassembles Rad51p nucleoprotein filaments during meiotic recombination; stimulates Mus81p-Mms4p endonuclease activity independent of catalytic activity; ATPase and ssDNA translocating motor activities inhibited by Dmc1p; functional homolog of human RTEL1 |
| YDL164C |
CDC9 |
DNA ligase (ATP) CDC9 | MMS8 |
DNA ligase I found in nucleus and mitochondria; essential enzyme that joins Okazaki fragments during DNA replication; also acts in ribonucleotide excision repair, base excision repair, and recombination; DNA ligase I mutants trigger ubiquitination of PCNA at K107, facilitating Rad59p-mediated bypass of unligated Okazaki fragments; human homolog LIG1 can complement yeast cdc9 temperature-sensitive mutant at restrictive temperature |
| YJR043C |
POL32 |
DNA polymerase delta subunit POL32 | REV5 |
Third subunit of DNA polymerase delta; involved in chromosomal DNA replication; required for error-prone DNA synthesis in the presence of DNA damage and processivity; forms a complex with Rev3p, Rev7p and Pol31p; interacts with Hys2p, PCNA (Pol30p), and Pol1p |
| YNL262W |
POL2 |
DNA polymerase epsilon catalytic subunit | DUN2 |
Catalytic subunit of DNA polymerase (II) epsilon; a chromosomal DNA replication polymerase that exhibits processivity and proofreading exonuclease activity; participates in leading-strand synthesis during DNA replication; also involved in DNA synthesis during DNA repair; interacts extensively with Mrc1p |
| YDR121W |
DPB4 |
DNA polymerase epsilon noncatalytic subunit |
Subunit of DNA pol epsilon and of ISW2 chromatin accessibility complex; involved in both chromosomal DNA replication and inheritance of telomeric silencing; stabilizes the interaction of Pol epsilon with primer-template DNA, positively affecting the processivity of the polymerase and exonuclease activities of Pol epsilon; interacts with extranucleosomal DNA and acts as anchor point for ISW2 complex that retains its position on DNA during nucleosome mobilization |
| YBR278W |
DPB3 |
DNA polymerase epsilon noncatalytic subunit |
Third-largest subunit of DNA polymerase II (DNA polymerase epsilon); required to maintain fidelity of chromosomal replication and also for inheritance of telomeric silencing; stabilizes the interaction of Pol epsilon with primer-template DNA, positively affecting the processivity of the polymerase and exonuclease activities of Pol epsilon; mRNA abundance peaks at the G1/S boundary of the cell cycle; DPB3 has a paralog, DLS1, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YPR175W |
DPB2 |
DNA polymerase epsilon noncatalytic subunit |
Second largest subunit of DNA polymerase II (DNA polymerase epsilon); required for maintenance of fidelity of chromosomal replication; essential motif in C-terminus is required for formation of the four-subunit Pol epsilon; expression peaks at the G1/S phase boundary; Cdc28p substrate |
| YOL034W |
SMC5 |
DNA repair ATPase SMC5 |
Subunit of the SMC5-SMC6 complex; the SMC5-SMC6 complex plays a key role in the removal of X-shaped DNA structures that arise between sister chromatids during DNA replication and repair; binds single-stranded DNA and has ATPase activity; supports nucleolar function; S. pombe homolog forms a heterodimer with S. pombe Rad18p that is involved in DNA repair |
| YBR114W |
RAD16 |
DNA repair protein RAD16 | PSO5 |
Nucleotide excision repair (NER) protein; binds damaged DNA during NER; binds DNA in an ATP-dependent manner (with Rad7p) during NER; required for NER of non-transcribed chromatin; subunit of Nucleotide Excision Repair Factor 4 (NEF4) and the Elongin-Cullin-Socs (ECS) ligase complex |
| YLR383W |
SMC6 |
DNA repair protein SMC6 | RHC18 |
Component of the SMC5-SMC6 complex; this complex plays a key role in the removal of X-shaped DNA structures that arise between sister chromatids during DNA replication and repair; homologous to S. pombe rad18 |
| YLR103C |
CDC45 |
DNA replication initiation factor CDC45 | SLD4 |
DNA replication initiation factor; recruited to MCM pre-RC complexes at replication origins; promotes release of MCM from Mcm10p, recruits elongation machinery; binds tightly to ssDNA, which disrupts interaction with the MCM helicase and stalls it during replication stress; mutants in human homolog may cause velocardiofacial and DiGeorge syndromes |
| YOL006C |
TOP1 |
DNA topoisomerase 1 | MAK1 | MAK17 |
Topoisomerase I; nuclear enzyme that relieves torsional strain in DNA by cleaving and re-sealing the phosphodiester backbone; relaxes both positively and negatively supercoiled DNA; functions in replication, transcription, and recombination; role in processing ribonucleoside monophosphates in genomic DNA into irreversible single-strand breaks; enzymatic activity and interaction with Nsr1p are negatively regulated by polyphosphorylation |
| YNL088W |
TOP2 |
DNA topoisomerase 2 | TOR3 | TRF3 |
Topoisomerase II; relieves torsional strain in DNA by cleaving and re-sealing phosphodiester backbone of both positively and negatively supercoiled DNA; cleaves complementary strands; localizes to axial cores in meiosis; required for replication slow zone (RSZ) breakage following Mec1p inactivation; human homolog TOP2A implicated in cancers, and can complement yeast null mutant |
| YLR234W |
TOP3 |
DNA topoisomerase 3 | EDR1 |
DNA Topoisomerase III; conserved protein that functions in a complex with Sgs1p and Rmi1p to relax single-stranded negatively-supercoiled DNA preferentially; DNA catenation/decatenation activity is stimulated by RPA and Sgs1p-Top3p-Rmi1p; involved in telomere stability and regulation of mitotic recombination |
| YOR304W |
ISW2 |
DNA translocase |
ATP-dependent DNA translocase involved in chromatin remodeling; ATPase component that, with Itc1p, forms a complex required for repression of a-specific genes, INO1, and early meiotic genes during mitotic growth; the Isw2 complex exhibits basal levels of chromatin binding throughout the genome as well as target-specific chromatin interactions; targeted by Ume6p- and Sua7p-dependent DNA looping to many loci genome-wide |
| YIL030C |
SSM4 |
DOA10 | E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase SSM4 | KIS3 |
Membrane-embedded ubiquitin-protein ligase; ER and inner nuclear membrane localized RING-CH domain E3 ligase involved in ER-associated protein degradation (ERAD); targets misfolded cytosolic/nucleoplasmic domains of soluble and membrane embedded proteins (ERAD-C) and a transmembrane domain containing substrate (ERAD-M), Sbh2p; C-terminal element (CTE), conserved in human ortholog MARCH10/TEB4, determines substrate selectivity |
| YER100W |
UBC6 |
DOA2 | E2 ubiquitin-conjugating protein UBC6 |
Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme involved in ERAD; located at the cytosolic side of the ER membrane; tail region contains a transmembrane segment at the C-terminus; substrate of the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway; ER-associated protein degradation is also known as ERAD |
| YPR103W |
PRE2 |
DOA3 | PRG1 | proteasome core particle subunit beta 5 | SRR2 |
Beta 5 subunit of the 20S proteasome; responsible for the chymotryptic activity of the proteasome |
| YGR253C |
PUP2 |
DOA5 | proteasome core particle subunit alpha 5 |
Alpha 5 subunit of the 20S proteasome; involved in ubiquitin-dependent catabolism; human homolog is subunit zeta |
| YGL022W |
STT3 |
dolichyl-diphosphooligosaccharide--protein glycosyltransferase subunit STT3 |
Subunit of the oligosaccharyltransferase complex of the ER lumen; complex catalyzes asparagine-linked glycosylation of newly synthesized proteins; forms a subcomplex with Ost3p and Ost4p and is directly involved in catalysis |
| YMR149W |
SWP1 |
dolichyl-diphosphooligosaccharide-protein glycotransferase |
Delta subunit of the oligosaccharyl transferase glycoprotein complex; complex is required for N-linked glycosylation of proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum |
| YEL002C |
WBP1 |
dolichyl-diphosphooligosaccharide-protein glycotransferase |
Beta subunit of the oligosaccharyl transferase glycoprotein complex; required for N-linked glycosylation of proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum; human homolog DDOST can complement yeast growth defect during down-regulation of yeast gene |
| YOR085W |
OST3 |
dolichyl-diphosphooligosaccharide--protein glycotransferase OST3 |
Gamma subunit of the oligosaccharyltransferase complex of the ER lumen; complex catalyzes asparagine-linked glycosylation of newly synthesized proteins; Ost3p is important for N-glycosylation of a subset of proteins |
| YGL226C-A |
OST5 |
dolichyl-diphosphooligosaccharide--protein glycotransferase subunit |
Zeta subunit of the oligosaccharyltransferase complex of the ER lumen; complex catalyzes asparagine-linked glycosylation of newly synthesized proteins |
| YJL002C |
OST1 |
dolichyl-diphosphooligosaccharide--protein glycotransferase subunit OST1 | NLT1 |
Alpha subunit of the oligosaccharyltransferase complex of the ER lumen; complex catalyzes asparagine-linked glycosylation of newly synthesized proteins |
| YOR002W |
ALG6 |
dolichyl-P-Glc:Man(9)GlcNAc(2)-PP-dolichol alpha-1,3-glucosyltransferase |
Alpha 1,3 glucosyltransferase; involved in transfer of oligosaccharides from dolichyl pyrophosphate to asparagine residues of proteins during N-linked protein glycosylation; C998T transition in human ortholog ALG6 causes carbohydrate-deficient glycoprotein syndrome type-Ic; wild-type human ortholog ALG6 can partially complement yeast alg6 mutant |
| YPR183W |
DPM1 |
dolichyl-phosphate beta-D-mannosyltransferase | SED3 |
Dolichol phosphate mannose (Dol-P-Man) synthase of ER membrane; catalyzes formation of Dol-P-Man from Dol-P and GDP-Man; required for biosynthesis of glycosyl phosphatidylinositol (GPI) membrane anchor, as well as O-mannosylation and protein N- and O-linked glycosylation; human homolog DPM1 can complement yeast mutant strains |
| YPL227C |
ALG5 |
dolichyl-phosphate beta-glucosyltransferase |
UDP-glucose:dolichyl-phosphate glucosyltransferase; involved in asparagine-linked glycosylation in the endoplasmic reticulum; human ortholog ALG5 can partially complement yeast alg5 mutant |
| YJR143C |
PMT4 |
dolichyl-phosphate-mannose-protein mannosyltransferase |
Protein O-mannosyltransferase; transfers mannose residues from dolichyl phosphate-D-mannose to protein serine/threonine residues; appears to form homodimers in vivo and does not complex with other Pmt proteins; target for new antifungals |
| YDL095W |
PMT1 |
dolichyl-phosphate-mannose-protein mannosyltransferase PMT1 |
Protein O-mannosyltransferase of the ER membrane; transfers mannose from dolichyl phosphate-D-mannose to protein serine and threonine residues; 1 of 7 related proteins involved in O-glycosylation which is essential for cell wall rigidity; involved in ER quality control; amino terminus faces cytoplasm, carboxyl terminus faces ER lumen |
| YAL023C |
PMT2 |
dolichyl-phosphate-mannose-protein mannosyltransferase PMT2 | FUN25 |
Protein O-mannosyltransferase of the ER membrane; transfers mannose residues from dolichyl phosphate-D-mannose to protein serine/threonine residues; involved in ER quality control; acts in a complex with Pmt1p, can instead interact with Pmt5p; antifungal drug target; PMT2 has a paralog, PMT3, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YOR321W |
PMT3 |
dolichyl-phosphate-mannose-protein mannosyltransferase PMT3 |
Protein O-mannosyltransferase; transfers mannose residues from dolichyl phosphate-D-mannose to protein serine/threonine residues; acts in a complex with Pmt5p, can instead interact with Pmt1p in some conditions; antifungal drug target; PMT3 has a paralog, PMT2, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YBL082C |
ALG3 |
dolichyl-P-Man:Man(5)GlcNAc(2)-PP-dolichol alpha-1,3-mannosyltransferase | RHK1 |
Dolichol-P-Man dependent alpha(1-3) mannosyltransferase; involved in synthesis of dolichol-linked oligosaccharide donor for N-linked glycosylation of proteins; G353A missense mutation in human ortholog ALG3 implicated in carbohydrate deficient glycoprotein syndrome type IV, which is characterized by microcephaly, severe epilepsy, minimal psychomotor development, partial deficiency of sialic acids in serum glycoproteins; wild-type human ALG3 can complement yeast alg3 mutant |
| YNL219C |
ALG9 |
dolichyl-P-Man:Man(6)GlcNAc(2)-PP-dolichol alpha-1,2-mannosyltransferase |
Mannosyltransferase, involved in N-linked glycosylation; catalyzes the transfer of both the seventh mannose residue on B-arm and ninth mannose residue on the C-arm from Dol-P-Man to lipid-linked oligosaccharides; human homolog ALG9 can complement yeast null mutant; mutation of human homolog causes type 1 congenital disorders of glycosylation |
| YNR030W |
ALG12 |
dolichyl-P-Man:Man(7)GlcNAc(2)-PP-dolichol alpha-1,6-mannosyltransferase | ECM39 |
Alpha-1,6-mannosyltransferase localized to the ER; responsible for addition of alpha-1,6 mannose to dolichol-linked Man7GlcNAc2; acts in the dolichol pathway for N-glycosylation; human homolog ALG12 complements yeast null mutant |
| YML071C |
COG8 |
DOR1 | Golgi transport complex subunit COG8 |
Component of the conserved oligomeric Golgi complex; a cytosolic tethering complex (Cog1p through Cog8p) that functions in protein trafficking to mediate fusion of transport vesicles to Golgi compartments |
| YDR069C |
DOA4 |
DOS1 | MUT4 | NPI2 | SSV7 | ubiquitin-specific protease DOA4 | UBP4 |
Ubiquitin hydrolase; deubiquitinates intralumenal vesicle (ILVs) cargo proteins; required for recycling ubiquitin from proteasome-bound ubiquitinated intermediates, acts at the late endosome/prevacuolar compartment to recover ubiquitin from ubiquitinated membrane proteins destined for the vacuole; DOA4 has a paralog, UBP5, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YNL186W |
UBP10 |
DOT4 | ubiquitin-specific protease UBP10 |
Ubiquitin-specific protease, deubiquitinates Ub-protein moieties; interacts with proteins that function in rRNA production and ribosome biogenesis via its intrinsically disordered regions; stabilizes Rpa190p by deubiquitination; controls PCNA deubiquitylation; may regulate silencing by acting on Sir4p; involved in posttranscriptionally regulating Gap1p, possibly other transporters; localized to the nucleolus; null mutant phenotypes are functionally complemented by human USP36 |
| YDR332W |
IRC3 |
double-stranded DNA-dependent ATPase |
Double-stranded DNA-dependent helicase of the DExH/D-box family; required for maintenance of the mitochondrial (mt) genome; null mutant accumulates double-stranded breaks in mt DNA; localizes to the mt matrix |
| YBL071W-A |
KTI11 |
DPH3 |
Zn-ribbon protein that co-purifies with Dph1 and Dph2; in a complex required for synthesis of diphthamide on translation factor eEF2 and with Elongator subunits Iki3p, Elp2p, and Elp3p; involved in modification of wobble nucleosides in tRNAs; forms a stable heterodimer with Ats1p |
| YJR097W |
JJJ3 |
DPH4 |
Protein of unknown function; contains a CSL Zn finger and a DnaJ-domain; involved in diphthamide biosynthesis; ortholog human Dph4 |
| YDL090C |
RAM1 |
DPR1 | FUS8 | protein farnesyltransferase | SCG2 | SGP2 | STE16 |
Beta subunit of the CAAX farnesyltransferase (FTase); this complex prenylates the a-factor mating pheromone and Ras proteins; required for the membrane localization of Ras proteins and a-factor; homolog of the mammalian FTase beta subunit |
| YKL108W |
SLD2 |
DRC1 |
Single-stranded DNA origin-binding and annealing protein; required for initiation of DNA replication; phosphorylated in S phase by cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdks), promoting origin binding, DNA replication and Dpb11p complex formation; component of the preloading complex; binds the Mcm2-7p complex to prevent inappropriate Mcm2-7p interaction with the GINS complex in G1; required for S phase checkpoint; relative distribution to the nucleus increases upon DNA replication stress |
| YDR182W |
CDC1 |
DSC1 | DSR1 | ESP2 | putative lipid phosphatase CDC1 |
Putative mannose-ethanolamine phosphate phosphodiesterase; involved in GPI-anchor remodeling prior to the attachment of cell wall proteins to beta 1,3-glucan, removing ethanolamine phosphate from the first mannose of GPI anchors; mutants display elevated Ca2+-dependent signaling resulting in secondary actin polarization and Golgi inheritance defects; enzyme is Mn2+-dependent; mutants have cell division cycle defect and fragile cell walls |
| YLR440C |
SEC39 |
DSL3 |
Component of the Dsl1p tethering complex; this complex interacts with ER SNAREs Sec20p and Use1p; mediates Sey1p-independent homotypic ER fusion; proposed to be involved in protein secretion; localizes to the ER and nuclear envelope |
| YAL034W-A |
MTW1 |
DSN3 | MIND complex subunit MTW1 | NSL2 |
Essential component of the MIND kinetochore complex; joins kinetochore subunits contacting DNA to those contacting microtubules; critical to kinetochore assembly; complex consists of Mtw1p Including Nnf1p-Nsl1p-Dsn1p (MIND) |
| YDR363W-A |
SEM1 |
DSS1 | HOD1 | proteasome regulatory particle lid subunit SEM1 |
19S proteasome regulatory particle lid subcomplex component; role in Ub-dependent proteolysis and proteasome stability; involved in TREX-2 mediated mRNA export, and in the prevention of transcription-associated genome instability; ubiquitinated by Nedd4-like E3-ligase, Rsp5p; human ortholog DSS1, a BRCA1 binding protein implicated in cancer, complements the yeast null; drives trinucleotide repeat expansion; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress |
| YDL219W |
DTD1 |
D-tyrosyl-tRNA(Tyr) deacylase |
D-Tyr-tRNA(Tyr) deacylase; functions in protein translation, may affect nonsense suppression via alteration of the protein synthesis machinery; ubiquitous among eukaryotes |
| YAR028W |
— |
DUP240 family protein |
Putative integral membrane protein; member of DUP240 gene family; GFP-fusion protein is induced in response to the DNA-damaging agent MMS |
| YAR027W |
UIP3 |
DUP240 family protein UIP3 |
Putative integral membrane protein of unknown function; interacts with Ulp1p at the nuclear periphery; member of DUP240 gene family |
| YIR023W |
DAL81 |
DURL | UGA35 |
Positive regulator of genes in multiple nitrogen degradation pathways; contains DNA binding domain but does not appear to bind the dodecanucleotide sequence present in the promoter region of many genes involved in allantoin catabolism |
| YNR015W |
SMM1 |
DUS2 |
Dihydrouridine synthase; member of a family of dihydrouridine synthases including Dus1p, Smm1p, Dus3p, and Dus4p; modifies uridine residues at position 20 of cytoplasmic tRNAs |
| YOR165W |
SEY1 |
dynamin-like GTPase SEY1 |
Dynamin-like GTPase that mediates homotypic ER fusion; has a role in ER morphology; interacts physically and genetically with Yop1p and Rtn1p; functional ortholog of the human atlastin ATL1, defects in which cause a form of the human disease hereditary spastic paraplegia; homolog of Arabidopsis RHD3 |
| YKR001C |
VPS1 |
dynamin-like GTPase VPS1 | GRD1 | LAM1 | SPO15 | VPL1 | VPT26 |
Dynamin-like GTPase required for vacuolar sorting; also involved in actin cytoskeleton organization, endocytosis, late Golgi-retention of some proteins, regulation of peroxisome biogenesis |
| YLL001W |
DNM1 |
dynamin-related GTPase DNM1 |
Dynamin-related GTPase involved in mitochondrial organization; required for mitochondrial fission and inheritance; self assembles on the cytoplasmic face of mitochondrial tubules at sites where division will occur; participates in endocytosis and regulates peroxisome fission along with Vps1p; mutants in the human ortholog DNM1L, which mediates mitochondrial fission, peroxisomal division, autophagy, and mitophagy, are associated with slowly progressive infantile encephalopathy |
| YDR424C |
DYN2 |
dynein light chain | SLC1 |
Cytoplasmic light chain dynein, microtubule motor protein; required for intracellular transport and cell division; involved in mitotic spindle positioning; forms complex with dynein intermediate chain Pac11p that promotes Dyn1p homodimerization, potentiates motor processivity; Dyn2p-Pac11p complex important for interaction of dynein motor complex with dynactin complex; acts as molecular glue to dimerize, stabilize Nup82-Nsp1-Nup159 complex module of cytoplasmic pore filaments |
| YMR299C |
DYN3 |
dynein light intermediate chain |
Dynein light intermediate chain (LIC); localizes with dynein, null mutant is defective in nuclear migration |
| YPR180W |
AOS1 |
E1 ubiquitin-activating protein AOS1 | RHC31 |
Subunit of heterodimeric nuclear SUMO activating enzyme E1 with Uba2p; activates Smt3p (SUMO) before its conjugation to proteins (sumoylation), which may play a role in protein targeting; essential for viability; relocalizes to the cytosol in response to hypoxia |
| YKL210W |
UBA1 |
E1 ubiquitin-activating protein UBA1 |
Ubiquitin activating enzyme (E1); involved in ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation and essential for viability; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress |
| YDR390C |
UBA2 |
E1 ubiquitin-activating protein UBA2 | UAL1 |
Subunit of heterodimeric nuclear SUMO activating enzyme E1 with Aos1p; activates Smt3p (SUMO) before its conjugation to proteins (sumoylation), which may play a role in protein targeting; essential for viability |
| YDL064W |
UBC9 |
E2 SUMO-conjugating protein UBC9 |
SUMO-conjugating enzyme involved in the Smt3p conjugation pathway; nuclear protein required for S- and M-phase cyclin degradation and mitotic control; involved in proteolysis mediated by the anaphase-promoting complex cyclosome (APCC) |
| YGL087C |
MMS2 |
E2 ubiquitin-conjugating protein MMS2 |
Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme variant; involved in error-free postreplication repair; forms a heteromeric complex with Ubc13p, an active ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme; cooperates with chromatin-associated RING finger proteins, Rad18p and Rad5p; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress |
| YGL058W |
RAD6 |
E2 ubiquitin-conjugating protein RAD6 | PSO8 | UBC2 |
Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme (E2); involved in postreplication repair as a heterodimer with Rad18p, regulation of K63 polyubiquitination in response to oxidative stress, DSBR and checkpoint control as a heterodimer with Bre1p, ubiquitin-mediated N-end rule protein degradation as a heterodimer with Ubr1p, ERAD with Ubr1p in the absence of canonical ER membrane ligases, and Rpn4p turnover as part of proteasome homeostasis, in complex with Ubr2p and Mub1p |
| YDR177W |
UBC1 |
E2 ubiquitin-conjugating protein UBC1 |
Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme; key E2 partner with Ubc4p for the anaphase-promoting complex (APC); mediates selective degradation of short-lived and abnormal proteins; plays a role in vesicle biogenesis and ER-associated protein degradation (ERAD); component of the cellular stress response; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress key E2 partner with Ubc4p for the anaphase-promoting complex (APC) |
| YDR092W |
UBC13 |
E2 ubiquitin-conjugating protein UBC13 |
E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme; involved in the error-free DNA postreplication repair pathway; interacts with Mms2p to assemble ubiquitin chains at the Ub Lys-63 residue; DNA damage triggers redistribution from the cytoplasm to the nucleus |
| YBR082C |
UBC4 |
E2 ubiquitin-conjugating protein UBC4 |
Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme (E2); key E2 partner with Ubc1p for the anaphase-promoting complex (APC); mediates degradation of abnormal or excess proteins, including calmodulin and histone H3; regulates levels of DNA Polymerase-{alpha} to promote efficient and accurate DNA replication; interacts with many SCF ubiquitin protein ligases; component of the cellular stress response; UBC4 has a paralog, UBC5, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YDR059C |
UBC5 |
E2 ubiquitin-conjugating protein UBC5 |
Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme; mediates selective degradation of short-lived, abnormal, or excess proteins, including histone H3; central component of the cellular stress response; expression is heat inducible; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress; UBC5 has a paralog, UBC4, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YEL012W |
UBC8 |
E2 ubiquitin-conjugating protein UBC8 | GID3 |
Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme that regulates gluconeogenesis; negatively regulates gluconeogenesis by mediating the glucose-induced ubiquitination of fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (FBPase); cytoplasmic enzyme that catalyzes the ubiquitination of histones in vitro |
| YGR133W |
PEX4 |
E2 ubiquitin-protein ligase peroxin 4 | PAS2 | UBC10 |
Peroxisomal ubiquitin conjugating enzyme; required for peroxisomal matrix protein import and peroxisome biogenesis |
| YDL074C |
BRE1 |
E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase BRE1 |
E3 ubiquitin ligase; forms heterodimer with Rad6p to regulate K63 polyubiquitination in response to oxidative stress and to monoubiquinate histone H2B-K123, which is required for the subsequent methylation of histone H3-K4 and H3-K79; required for DSBR, transcription, silencing, and checkpoint control; interacts with RNA-binding protein Npl3p, linking histone ubiquitination to mRNA processing; Bre1p-dependent histone ubiquitination promotes pre-mRNA splicing |
| YDR266C |
HEL2 |
E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase HEL2 | RQT1 |
RING finger ubiquitin ligase (E3); involved in ubiquitination and degradation of excess histones; interacts with Ubc4p and Rad53p; null mutant sensitive to hydroxyurea (HU); green fluorescent protein (GFP)-fusion protein localizes to the cytoplasm; computational analysis suggests a role as a transcription factor |
| YLR247C |
IRC20 |
E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase IRC20 |
E3 ubiquitin ligase and putative helicase; involved in synthesis-dependent strand annealing-mediated homologous recombination; ensures precise end-joining along with Srs2p in the Yku70p/Yku80p/Lig4p-dependent nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) pathway; localizes to both the mitochondrion and the nucleus; contains a Snf2/Swi2 family ATPase/helicase and a RING finger domain; interacts with Cdc48p and Smt3p; null mutant displays increased levels of spontaneous Rad52p foci |
| YLL036C |
PRP19 |
E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase PRP19 | PSO4 |
Splicing factor associated with the spliceosome; contains a U-box, a motif found in a class of ubiquitin ligases, and a WD40 domain; relocalizes to the cytosol in response to hypoxia |
| YDR457W |
TOM1 |
E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase TOM1 |
E3 ubiquitin ligase of the hect-domain class; has a role in mRNA export from the nucleus and may regulate transcriptional coactivators; involved in degradation of excess histones; interacts with Dia2p and is required for Dia2p degradation; required to target Cdc6p for ubiquitin-mediated destruction during G1 phase |
| YGR002C |
SWC4 |
EAF2 | GOD1 |
Component of the Swr1p complex that incorporates Htz1p into chromatin; component of the NuA4 histone acetyltransferase complex |
| YHR090C |
YNG2 |
EAF4 | histone acetyltransferase YNG2 | NBN1 |
Subunit of NuA4, an essential histone acetyltransferase complex; positions Piccolo NuA4 for efficient acetylation of histone H4 or histone H2A; relocalizes to the cytosol in response to hypoxia; similar to human tumor suppressor ING1 and its isoforms ING4 and ING5 |
| YER016W |
BIM1 |
EB1 | microtubule-binding protein BIM1 | YEB1 |
Microtubule plus end-tracking protein; together with Kar9p makes up the cortical microtubule capture site and delays the exit from mitosis when the spindle is oriented abnormally; homolog of human end binding protein 1 (EB1) |
| YJR137C |
MET5 |
ECM17 | sulfite reductase (NADPH) subunit beta |
Sulfite reductase beta subunit; involved in amino acid biosynthesis, transcription repressed by methionine |
| YGR195W |
SKI6 |
ECM20 | exosome non-catalytic core subunit SKI6 | RRP41 |
Exosome non-catalytic core component; involved in 3'-5' RNA processing and degradation in both the nucleus and the cytoplasm; has similarity to E. coli RNase PH and to human hRrp41p (EXOSC4) |
| YKL025C |
PAN3 |
ECM35 |
Essential subunit of the Pan2p-Pan3p poly(A)-ribonuclease complex; poly (A) mRNA binding subunit which recruits mRNA to the complex; the Pan2p-Pan3p complex controls poly(A) tail length and regulates the stoichiometry and activity of postreplication repair complexes |
| YMR062C |
ARG7 |
ECM40 | glutamate N-acetyltransferase |
Mitochondrial ornithine acetyltransferase; catalyzes the fifth step in arginine biosynthesis; also possesses acetylglutamate synthase activity, regenerates acetylglutamate while forming ornithine |
| YML048W |
GSF2 |
ECM6 |
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) localized integral membrane protein; may promote secretion of certain hexose transporters, including Gal2p; involved in glucose-dependent repression |
| YOR304C-A |
BIL1 |
EDO1 |
Protein that binds Bud6p and has a role in actin cable assembly; involved in the Bnr1p-dependent pathway of cable assembly; localizes to bud tip and bud neck |
| YPR080W |
TEF1 |
eEF1A | EF-1 alpha | translation elongation factor EF-1 alpha |
Translational elongation factor EF-1 alpha; GTP-bound active form, binds to and delivers aminoacylated tRNA to the A-site of ribosomes for elongation of nascent polypeptides; moonlighting function as an actin binding and bundling protein; association with GTPase Rho1p on the vacuolar membrane may facilitate F-actin remodeling; involved in tRNA re-export from the nucleus |
| YBR118W |
TEF2 |
eEF1A | EF-1 alpha | translation elongation factor EF-1 alpha |
Translational elongation factor EF-1 alpha; GTP-bound active form, binds to and delivers aminoacylated tRNA to the A-site of ribosomes for elongation of nascent polypeptides; moonlighting function as an actin binding and bundling protein; association with GTPase Rho1p on the vacuolar membrane may facilitate F-actin remodeling; involved in tRNA re-export from the nucleus; Tef2p-RFP levels increase during replicative aging |
| YLR249W |
YEF3 |
eEF3 | EF-3 | TEF3 | translation elongation factor EF-3 |
Translation elongation factor 3; contains two ABC cassettes; binds and hydrolyzes ATP; YEF3 has a paralog, HEF3, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YKL081W |
TEF4 |
EFC1 | translation elongation factor EF1B gamma |
Gamma subunit of translational elongation factor eEF1B; stimulates the binding of aminoacyl-tRNA (AA-tRNA) to ribosomes by releasing eEF1A (Tef1p/Tef2p) from the ribosomal complex |
| YNL163C |
RIA1 |
EFL1 | GTPase RIA1 |
Cytoplasmic GTPase/eEF2-like factor involved in ribosomal biogenesis; with Sdo1p, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF), promotes release of Tif6p from 60S ribosomal subunits in the cytoplasm so that they can assemble with 40S subunits to generate mature ribosomes; required for quality control check of newly made large ribosomal subunits before they are released into the pool of translating ribosomes |
| YLR285W |
NNT1 |
EFM7 | S-adenosylmethionine-dependent methyltransferase |
S-adenosylmethionine-dependent methyltransferase; novel N-terminal protein methyltransferase that trimethylates the N-terminal glycine residue (G2) and also dimethylates lysine (K3) on elongation factor eEF1A (Tef1p/Tef2p); has a role in rDNA silencing and in lifespan determination |
| YKR007W |
MEH1 |
EGO1 | GSE2 |
Subunit of the EGO/GSE complex; the vacuolar/endosomal membrane associated EGO/GSE complex regulates exit from rapamycin-induced growth arrest, stimulating microautophagy and sorting of Gap1p from the endosome to the plasma membrane; loss results in a defect in vacuolar acidification |
| YBR077C |
SLM4 |
EGO3 | GSE1 | NIR1 |
Subunit of the EGO/GSE complex; the vacuolar/endosomal membrane associated EGO/GSE complex regulates exit from rapamycin-induced growth arrest, stimulating microautophagy and sorting of Gap1p from the endosome to the plasma membrane; essential for the integrity and function of EGO; gene exhibits synthetic genetic interaction with MSS4 |
| YKL193C |
SDS22 |
EGP1 | type 1 protein phosphatase-activating protein SDS22 |
Regulatory subunit of the type 1 protein phosphatase (PP1) Glc7p; whether it functions as a positive or negative regulator of Glc7p is controversial; involved in the regulation of Glc7p nuclear localization and function |
| YKR059W |
TIF1 |
eIF4A | translation initiation factor eIF4A |
Translation initiation factor eIF4A; DEA(D/H)-box RNA helicase that couples ATPase activity to RNA binding and unwinding; forms a dumbbell structure of two compact domains connected by a linker; interacts with eIF4G; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress; TIF1 has a paralog, TIF2, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YJL138C |
TIF2 |
eIF4A | translation initiation factor eIF4A |
Translation initiation factor eIF4A; DEA(D/H)-box RNA helicase that couples ATPase activity to RNA binding and unwinding; forms a dumbbell structure of two compact domains connected by a linker; interacts with eIF4G; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress; TIF2 has a paralog, TIF1, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YPR163C |
TIF3 |
eIF4B | RBL3 | STM1 |
Translation initiation factor eIF-4B; contains an RNA recognition motif and binds to single-stranded RNA; has RNA annealing activity; interacts with Rps20p at the head of the 40S ribosomal subunit and alters the structure of the mRNA entry channel |
| YOL139C |
CDC33 |
eIF4E | TIF45 | translation initiation factor eIF4E |
mRNA cap binding protein and translation initiation factor eIF4E; the eIF4E-cap complex is responsible for mediating cap-dependent mRNA translation via interactions with translation initiation factor eIF4G (Tif4631p or Tif4632p); protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress; mutants are defective for adhesion and pseudohyphal growth; human homolog EIF4E can complement yeast cdc33 null mutant |
| YGR162W |
TIF4631 |
eiF4G1 | translation initiation factor eIF4G |
Translation initiation factor eIF4G; subunit of the mRNA cap-binding protein complex (eIF4F) that also contains eIF4E (Cdc33p); interacts with Pab1p and with eIF4A (Tif1p); also has a role in biogenesis of the large ribosomal subunit; TIF4631 has a paralog, TIF4632, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YGL049C |
TIF4632 |
eIF4G2 | translation initiation factor eIF4G |
Translation initiation factor eIF4G; subunit of the mRNA cap-binding protein complex (eIF4F) that also contains eIF4E (Cdc33p); associates with the poly(A)-binding protein Pab1p, also interacts with eIF4A (Tif1p); TIF4632 has a paralog, TIF4631, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YJR047C |
ANB1 |
eIF5A | eIF-5A | HYP1 | TIF51B | translation elongation factor eIF-5A |
Translation elongation factor eIF-5A; previously thought to function in translation initiation; undergoes an essential hypusination modification; expressed under anaerobic conditions; ANB1 has a paralog, HYP2, that arose from the whole genome duplication; human EIF5A complements the inviability of the yeast hyp2 anb1 double null mutant |
| YAL035W |
FUN12 |
eIF5B | translation initiation factor eIF5B | yIF2 |
Translation initiation factor eIF5B; GTPase that promotes Met-tRNAiMet binding to ribosomes and ribosomal subunit joining; promotes GTP-dependent maturation of 18S rRNA by Nob1p; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress; homolog of bacterial IF2 |
| YMR142C |
RPL13B |
eL13 | L13B | L13e | ribosomal 60S subunit protein L13B |
Ribosomal 60S subunit protein L13B; not essential for viability; homologous to mammalian ribosomal protein L13, no bacterial homolog; RPL13B has a paralog, RPL13A, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YKL006W |
RPL14A |
eL14 | L14A | L14e | ribosomal 60S subunit protein L14A |
Ribosomal 60S subunit protein L14A; N-terminally acetylated; homologous to mammalian ribosomal protein L14, no bacterial homolog; RPL14A has a paralog, RPL14B, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YHL001W |
RPL14B |
eL14 | L14B | L14e | ribosomal 60S subunit protein L14B |
Ribosomal 60S subunit protein L14B; homologous to mammalian ribosomal protein L14, no bacterial homolog; RPL14B has a paralog, RPL14A, that arose from the whole genome duplication; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress |
| YMR121C |
RPL15B |
eL15 | L13B | L15B | L15e | ribosomal 60S subunit protein L15B | rp15R | YL10 |
Ribosomal 60S subunit protein L15B; binds to 5.8 S rRNA; homologous to mammalian ribosomal protein L15, no bacterial homolog; RPL15B has a paralog, RPL15A, that arose from the whole genome duplication; relocalizes from nucleus to nucleolus upon DNA replication stress |
| YNL301C |
RPL18B |
eL18 | L18B | L18e | ribosomal 60S subunit protein L18B | rp28B | RP28B |
Ribosomal 60S subunit protein L18B; homologous to mammalian ribosomal protein L18, no bacterial homolog; RPL18B has a paralog, RPL18A, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YBR084C-A |
RPL19A |
eL19 | L19A | L19e | L23A | ribosomal 60S subunit protein L19A | rpl5L | YL14 |
Ribosomal 60S subunit protein L19A; rpl19a and rpl19b single null mutations result in slow growth, while the double null mutation is lethal; homologous to mammalian ribosomal protein L19, no bacterial homolog; RPL19A has a paralog, RPL19B, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YBL027W |
RPL19B |
eL19 | L19B | L19e | L23B | ribosomal 60S subunit protein L19B | rpl5L | YL14 |
Ribosomal 60S subunit protein L19B; rpl19a and rpl19b single null mutations result in slow growth, while the double null mutation is lethal; homologous to mammalian ribosomal protein L19, no bacterial homolog; RPL19B has a paralog, RPL19A, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YMR242C |
RPL20A |
eL20 | L18A | L20A | L20e | ribosomal 60S subunit protein L20A | RPL18A2 |
Ribosomal 60S subunit protein L20A; homologous to mammalian ribosomal protein L18A, no bacterial homolog; RPL20A has a paralog, RPL20B, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YOR312C |
RPL20B |
eL20 | L18B | L20B | L20e | ribosomal 60S subunit protein L20B | RPL18A1 |
Ribosomal 60S subunit protein L20B; homologous to mammalian ribosomal protein L18A, no bacterial homolog; RPL20B has a paralog, RPL20A, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YBR191W |
RPL21A |
eL21 | L21A | L21e | ribosomal 60S subunit protein L21A | URP1 |
Ribosomal 60S subunit protein L21A; homologous to mammalian ribosomal protein L21, no bacterial homolog; RPL21A has a paralog, RPL21B, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YPL079W |
RPL21B |
eL21 | L21B | L21e | ribosomal 60S subunit protein L21B |
Ribosomal 60S subunit protein L21B; homologous to mammalian ribosomal protein L21, no bacterial homolog; RPL21B has a paralog, RPL21A, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YLR061W |
RPL22A |
eL22 | l1c | L22A | L22e | ribosomal 60S subunit protein L22A | rp4 | YL31 |
Ribosomal 60S subunit protein L22A; required for translation of long 5' UTR of IME1 mRNA and meiotic entry; required for the oxidative stress response, pseudohyphal and invasive growth; homologous to mammalian ribosomal protein L22, no bacterial homolog; RPL22A has a paralog, RPL22B, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YFL034C-A |
RPL22B |
eL22 | l1c | L22B | L22e | ribosomal 60S subunit protein L22B | rp4 | YFL035C-B | YL31 |
Ribosomal 60S subunit protein L22A; required for translation of long 5' UTR of IME1 mRNA and meiotic entry; homologous to mammalian ribosomal protein L22, no bacterial homolog; RPL22B has a paralog, RPL22A, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YGL031C |
RPL24A |
eL24 | L24A | L24e | L30A | ribosomal 60S subunit protein L24A | rp29 | RPL30A | YL21 |
Ribosomal 60S subunit protein L24A; not essential for translation but may be required for normal translation rate; homologous to mammalian ribosomal protein L24, no bacterial homolog; RPL24A has a paralog, RPL24B, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YGR148C |
RPL24B |
eL24 | L24B | L24e | L30B | ribosomal 60S subunit protein L24B | rp29 | RPL30B | YL21 |
Ribosomal 60S subunit protein L24B; not essential for translation but may be required for normal translation rate; homologous to mammalian ribosomal protein L24, no bacterial homolog; RPL24B has a paralog, RPL24A, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YHR010W |
RPL27A |
eL27 | L27A | L27e | ribosomal 60S subunit protein L27A | RPL27 |
Ribosomal 60S subunit protein L27A; homologous to mammalian ribosomal protein L27, no bacterial homolog; RPL27A has a paralog, RPL27B, that arose from the whole genome duplication |
| YDR471W |